@article{MRA, author = {Hayat Mushcab and Mohammad AlJabr and Areej AlDossary and Kanan Alkanani and Turky Zahrani and Sofian Almulhim and Hatim Kheir and Assim AlAbulkader and Yaser Alreshidi6 and Nouf Albalawi and Wedyan Alabdullatif and Abrar Almarzooq and Saeed Qahtani}, title = { A Retrospective Study of the factors associated with deterioration severity of Coronavirus Disease-2019 illness at a tertiary hospital in Saudi Arabia}, journal = {Medical Research Archives}, volume = {12}, number = {11}, year = {2024}, keywords = {}, abstract = {Background: Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) has rapidly progressed to a pandemic causing a severe burden on healthcare systems worldwide. COVID-19 has seriously threatened specific populations, such as the elderly and those with chronic illnesses. Objective: In this study, we aim to determine risk factors contributing to and affecting COVID-19 severity and deterioration during illness. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of patients with a confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis and admitted to JHAH from March to July 2020. Results: A total of 639 patients were included in this study. The vast majority were Saudi patients (87.3%). 465 (76%) were symptomatic with abnormal x-ray imaging diagnosis (56.2%). The predetermined clinical risk factors include obesity (46.3%); hypertension (42.3%); diabetes mellitus (41.8%); dyslipidemia (39%); ischemic heart disease (13.2%); chronic lung disease (11%); chronic kidney disease (10.3%); cancer (7.9%); congestive heart failure (6.1%); and immunocompromised patients (4.6%). However, most of these patients were stable upon admission (82.1%), while 9.7% were severely or critically ill. Ordinal regression analysis revealed that age, chest x-ray finding upon diagnosis, and presenting symptoms upon admission significantly impacted the deterioration pattern. Conclusion: This study found that elderly and chronically ill patients are at higher risk for more severe COVID-19 infection and risk of deterioration, hospitalization, intensive care unit admission, and probably death when compared to younger and healthier patients.}, issn = {2375-1924}, doi = {10.18103/mra.v12i11.6083}, url = {https://esmed.org/MRA/mra/article/view/6083} }