Reuse of Implant Healing Abutments: A Narrative Review

Healing abutments support peri-implant soft tissue healing and protect implants during osseointegration. Despite being marketed as single-use, reuse is widespread, raising concerns about sterilisation, microbial safety, and long-term outcomes. This review of 20 studies (2020–2025) shows that while abutments aid healing, sterilisation often fails to eliminate biofilm or residues. Reuse causes surface changes that promote bacterial adhesion and reduce cell viability. However, clinical evidence has not confirmed links to implant failure or peri-implantitis. Emerging solutions, such as antimicrobial coatings and drug-releasing systems, appear promising but require further validation.