Abstract
In the current context, psychological pressures and psychosomatic symptoms are increasingly recurrent in the workplace. Labor lawsuits seek to regulate employment relationships and safeguard workers' physical and mental health. This exploratory and descriptive study uses a quantitative approach and resulted in the analysis of 269 judgments from the Regional Labor Courts of the 2nd and 15th Regions in 2019 and 2020. Sociodemographic and occupational data, mental health disorders, and related symptoms were scientifically investigated. The results indicated that 66% of workers were between 30 and 49 years old. Women represented 52% of the cases. The length of the worker's contract was 9.5 years, with a monthly salary of R$3,313.96. Technical and operational positions prevailed, such as assistants, auxiliaries, and helpers. Private companies accounted for 88.1% of employers, and 74.3% had share capital above R$50,000,000.00. The study found an association between illness and symptoms; the most common were related to mental disorders, followed by neurological symptoms. Among women, 62.5% experienced depressive episodes. Cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and neurological symptoms were prevalent, representing 69.6%, 81.8%, and 58.5% of cases, respectively. The judicial route is an important access instrument that proposes to specifically meet the right to the mental health of workers, the purpose of which includes intervention in the event of evidence of a causal link between mental illness and work.