Abstract
Research on the role of gut microbiota in metabolism has grown significantly over decades, with certain strains producing a huge scope of potential beneficial effects. This paper aims to determine the potential applications for Akkermansia muciniphila supplementation in humans as a treatment for metabolic disorders, such as insulin resistance, prediabetes, excess cholesterol, or high body fat to lean mass ratios. To understand the full effects and mechanisms of A. muciniphila supplementation, this review examined 43 reports from various databases on the topic of A. muciniphila supplementation using PRISMA guidelines before December 1, 2025, excluding irrelevant or external sources of Akkermansia. The narrative synthesis demonstrates substantial evidence for the improvement of insulin resistance, decrease in overall weight, fat mass, and cholesterol levels in the body as a result of supplementation. Akkermansia may also have effects in managing prediabetes, improving lipid profiles, regulating liver enzyme activity, diversifying gut microbiomes, and stimulating GLP-1 production. Although both live and pasteurized Akkermansia have been proven to be well tolerated in humans, pasteurized Akkermansia is able to increase beneficial effects. However, there are still many unanswered questions given the limited scope, inconsistencies across research, risk of bias, and varied certainty of results.