Hepatoprotective effect of Peltophorum pterocarpum leaves extracts and pure compound against carbon tetra chloride induced liver injury in rats

Liver has a vital role in the management of physiological processes such as secretions, metabolism, storage and detoxification of various chemicals. Most of the liver diseases may be caused by oxidative damages of toxic chemicals. Oxidative stress is one of the mechanism involve in carbon tetra chloride (CCl 4 ) induced hepatotoxicity which causes membrane disintegration and loss of membrane associated enzyme and necrosis. Hexane and ethanol leaves extracts of Peltophorum pterocarpum at doses of 75, 150 and 250 mg/kg body weight and pure compound bergenin at doses of 25, 75 and 100 mg/kg body weight were studied for in-vitro anti-oxidant and hepatoprotective activity in both sexes (male and female) of albino rats. Liver damage was induced by carbon tetra chloride 1.5 ml/kg body weight once during experimental period. The protective and therapeutic effects of test samples were compared with the standard drug Betaine Glucuronate + Diethanolamine Glucuronte + Nicotinamide Ascorbate. Different biochemical parameters such as ALT (alanine aminotransferase), ALP (alkaline phosphatase), γ-GT (gamma glutamyl transferase), DB (bilirubin direct), and TB (total bilirubin) were evaluated which were confirmed by histopathological analysis. Among all the test samples, bergenin demonstrated maximum decreased in AST, ALT, γ-GT, DB and TB serum levels at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight in prophylactic mode in comparison to toxicant group while statistical significance (p<0.01) were observed against ALT and TB serum levels when compared to toxicant group that were supplemented with histopathological examination of rat liver section with intact bile duct and central vein, mild inflammation with absences of fibrosis and negative degeneration of lobular hepatocytes. In-vitro anti-oxidant evaluated values of plant extracts and pure compound observed to increase in a concentration dependent manner. The highest percentage of reducing power showed by pure compound bergenin yet still less than the standard drug.

Key words: Peltophorum pterocarpum, hepatoprotective activity, serum enzymes, histopathological analysis, and anti-oxidant.