Utility of AI in CF diagnosis and monitoring. A Review.

Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a model of complex, chronic, genetic disease that poses several challenges in diagnosis and monitoring that could be improved with the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI). Cystic fibrosis has many different clinical manifestations, and the incidence greatly varies between countries, mostly due to different frequency of CFTR mutated alleles. The aim of this review is to summarize different advances in AI that aid in improved CF diagnostics and clinical tools for CF monitoring, including novel AI aided stethoscope for lung sound analysis. The AI powered stethoscopes, the AI applications that can improve compliance with treatment and communication with the CF team, all are being explored in the recent years to improve CF care. Sweat testing methods and genetic testing, including newborn screening methods and algorithms and lung imaging all are currently undergoing transformation as the use of AI is being trialed. In the field of imaging, the recent advances of AI have greatly contributed to improved accuracy in lung imaging.