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Abstract – Chikungunya virus is a well-described neurological disorder. The main symptoms are fever, rash and arthralgia, and when neurological complications occur, they generally appear within 20 days of the onset of CHIKV infection. The aim of this paper is to present a review of the neurological syndromes most commonly found in chikungunya. Articles published in the electronic database MEDLINE/PubMed and Web of Science were used. It is uncertain whether neurological symptoms are due to persistence of the virus or an ineffective immune response. Neurologic syndromes, which include encephalitis, encephalopathy, myelopathy and myeloneuropathy, have been the major cause of death and disability related to CHIKV infection.