The Effects of AgrAbility on the Mental/Behavioral Health of Farmers and Ranchers with Functional Limitations: A Comparison Study QOLBehavioralHealthMasked12.2117

Main Article Content

Robert J Fetsch Christina L. Collins

Abstract

Background: While research on the quality of life (QOL) levels of farmers and ranchers with disabilities is growing, research focused on interventions that improve their behavioral health is almost nonexistent. The AgrAbility Project, a USDA initiative, offers practical solutions to increase farmers and ranchers with disabilities’ QOL and independent living and working (ILW) levels.


Aim of the Study: The objectives of the current study are threefold: first, to assess overall pretest-posttest changes in the ILW and QOL levels of AgrAbility participants; second, to focus on the behavioral health changes of AgrAbility participants; and third, to compare those changes in a group of AgrAbility participants to those of a no-treatment comparison group.


Methods: AgrAbility treatment group participants (N = 273) included farmers and ranchers from 14 states with various disabilities who participated in AgrAbility and no-treatment comparison group participants (N = 100) from 17 states. Both groups completed ILW and McGill Quality of Life surveys.


Results: Paired samples t-tests indicated that AgrAbility participants’ ILW and QOL improved with large or larger than typical effect sizes. Paired samples t tests indicated that AgrAbility participants’ behavioral health improved significantly with medium effect sizes.  Independent samples t tests reported significantly higher gain scores on all three behavioral health subscales for AgrAbility participants compared with the group of non-participants.


Conclusions: These results show that participation in the AgrAbility Project was associated with significant improvements in behavioral health when compared to the no-treatment group which experienced no significant change in their behavioral health. The current study makes an initial contribution to the search for an evidence-based intervention for improving the physical and behavioral health of farmers and ranchers with functional limitations.

Keywords: AgrAbility, Behavioral health, Farmers and ranchers with disabilities, Quality of life, Social support

Article Details

How to Cite
FETSCH, Robert J; L. COLLINS, Christina. The Effects of AgrAbility on the Mental/Behavioral Health of Farmers and Ranchers with Functional Limitations: A Comparison Study. Medical Research Archives, [S.l.], v. 6, n. 2, feb. 2018. ISSN 2375-1924. Available at: <https://esmed.org/MRA/mra/article/view/1691>. Date accessed: 14 nov. 2024. doi: https://doi.org/10.18103/mra.v6i2.1691.
Section
Research Articles

References

Allen, P. B., Field, W. E., & Frick, M. J. (1995). Assessment of work-related injury risk for farmers and ranchers with physical disabilities. Journal of Agricultural Safety and Health, 1, 71-81. DOI: 10.13031/2013.19455.
Berry, H. L., Hogan, A., Owen, J., Rickwood, D., & Fragar, L. (2011). Climate change and farmers’ mental health: Risks and responses. Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health, 23, 119S-132S. DOI: 10.1177/1010539510392556.
Bischoff, R. J., Hollist, C. S., Smith, C. W., & Flack, P. (2004). Addressing the mental health needs of the rural underserved: Findings from a multiple case study of a behavioral telehealth project. Contemporary Family Therapy, 26, 179-198. doi: 10.1023/B:COFT.0000031242.83259.fa.
Booth, N. J., & Lloyd, K. (2000). Stress in farmers. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 46, 67-73.
DOI: 10.1177/002076400004600108.
Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2016a). Number of fatal work injuries by employee status, 2003-15. Retrieved from https://www.bls.gov/iif/oshwc/cfoi/cfch0014.pdf.
Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2016b. Incidence rate and number of nonfatal occupational injuries by industry and ownership, 2015. Retrieved from https://www.bls.gov/iif/oshwc/osh/os/ostb4740.pdf.
Carson, D. K., Araquistain, M., Ide, B., Quoss, B., & Weigel, R. (1994). Stress, strain, and hardiness as predictors of adaptation in farm and ranch families. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 3, 157-174.
Cassileth, B. R., Lusk, E. J., Strouse, T. B., Miller, D. S., Brown, L. L., Cross, P. A., & Tenaglia, A. N. (1984). Psychosocial status in chronic illness: A comparative analysis of six diagnostic groups. New England Journal of Medicine, 311, 506-511.
DOI: 10.1056/NEJM198408233110805.
Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power and analysis for the behavioral sciences. (2nd ed.) Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Cohen, S. R., Mount, B. M., Bruera, E., Provost, M., Rowe, J., & Tong, K. (1997). Validity of the McGill Quality of Life questionnaire in the palliative care setting: A multi-centre Canadian study demonstrating the importance of the existential domain. Palliative Medicine, 11, 3-20.
DOI: 10.1177/026921639701100102.
Dillman, D. A. (2007). Mail and internet surveys: The tailored design method. (2nd ed.) Hoboken, NY: John Wiley & Sons.
Dumais, A., Lesage, A. D., Alda, M., Rouleau, G., Dumont, M., Chawky, N., Roy, M., Mann, J. J., Benkelfat, C., & Turecki, G. (2005). Risk factors for suicide completion in major depression: A case-control study of impulsive and aggressive behaviors in men. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 162, 2116-2124. DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.162.11.2116.
Dweck, C. S. (2006). Mindset: The new psychology of success. New York: Ballantine Books.
Fetsch, R. J., Jackman, D. M., & Collins, C. L. (in press). Assessing changes in quality of life and independent living and working levels among AgrAbility farmers and ranchers with disabilities. Disability and Health Journal. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dhjo.2017.08.001.
Fetsch R. J., Petrea, R. E., Field, W. E., Jones, P. J., & Aherin, R. A. (2017). A 25-year overview of AgrAbility demographics. Manuscript in preparation.
Fetsch, R. J., & Turk, P. (in press). A quantitative assessment of the effectiveness of USDA’s AgrAbility project. Disability and Health Journal. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016;j.dhjo.201710.004.
Gallant, M. P. (2003). The influence of social support on chronic illness self-management: A review and directions for research. Health Education & Behavior, 30, 170-195.
DOI: 10.1177/1090198102251030.
Gregoire, A. (2002). The mental health of farmers. Occupational Medicine, 52, 471-476.
Jackman, D. M., Fetsch, R. J., & Collins, C. L. (2016). Quality of life and independent living and working levels of farmers and ranchers with disabilities. Disability and Health Journal, 9, 226-233. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dhjo.2015.09.002.
Keyes, C. L. (2007). Promoting and protecting mental health as flourishing: A complementary strategy for improving national mental health. American Psychologist, 62, 95-108.
DOI: 10.1037/0003-066X.62.2.95.
Kinne, S., Patrick, D. L., & Doyle, D. L. (2004). Prevalence of secondary conditions among people with disabilities. American Journal of Public Health, 94, 443-445.
Marks, R., Allegrante, J. P., & Lorig, K. (2005). A review and synthesis of research evidence for self-efficacy-enhancing interventions for reducing chronic disability: Implications for health education practice (part ii). Health Promotion Practice, 6, 148-156.
DOI: 10.1177/1524839904266792.
Marotz-Baden, R., & Colvin, P. L. (1986). Coping strategies: A rural-urban comparison. Family Relations, 35, 281-288.
McIntosh, W. L., Spies, E., Stone, D. M., Lokey, C. N., Trudeau, A. T., & Bartholow, B. (2016). Suicide rates by occupational group — 17 States, 2012. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 65, 641–645.
Meyer, R. H., & Fetsch, R. J. (2006). National AgrAbility project impact on farmers and ranchers with disabilities. Journal of Agricultural Safety and Health, 12, 275-291. DOI: 10.13031/2013.22009.
NIFA. (2017). National AgrAbility Project. Retrieved 14 December 2017 from www.agrability.org/about/program/.
Sanne, B., Mykletun, A., Moen, B. E., Dahl, A. A., & Tell, G. S. (2004). Farmers are at risk for anxiety and depression: The Hordaland health study. Occupational Medicine, 54, 92-100.
Scarth, R. D., Stallones, L., Zwerling, C., & Burmeister, L. F. (2000). The prevalence of depressive symptoms and risk factors among Iowa and Colorado farmers. American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 37, 382-389.
Schweitzer, R., Deboy, G. R., Jones, P. J., & Field, W. E. (2011). AgrAbility mental/behavioral health for farm/ranch families with disabilities. Journal of Agromedicine, 16, 87-98.
DOI: 10.1080/1059924X.2011.554766.
Seekins, T., Clay, J., & Ravesloot, C. ( 1994). A descriptive study of secondary conditions reported by a population of adults with physical disabilities served by three independent living centers in a rural state. The Journal of Rehabilitation, 60, 47-51.
Tiesman, H. M., Konda, S., Hartley, D., Chaumont, M. C., Ridenour, M., & Hendricks, S. (2015). Suicide in U.S. workplaces, 2003-2010: A comparison with non-workplace suicides. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 48, 674-682. DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2014.12.011.
United States Department of Agriculture. (2014). Farm demographics: U.S. farmers by gender, age, race, ethnicity, and more. Retrieved from https://www.agcensus.usda.gov/Publications/2012/Online_Resources/Highlights/Farm_Demographics/Highlights_Farm_Demographics.pdf ).
Weigel, D. J., & Weigel, R. R.. (1990). Family satisfaction in two-generation farm families: The role of stress and resources. Family Relations, 39, 449-455.
Weingarten, D. (2017). Why are America’s farmers killing themselves in record numbers? Guardian. Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2017/dec/06/why-are-americas-farmers-killing-themselves-in-record-numbers.
Yeager, D. S., & Dweck, C. S. (2012). Mindsets that promote resilience: When students believe that personal characteristics can be developed. Educational Psychologist, 47, 302-314.
DOI: 10.1080/00461520.2012.722805.