The factors associated with pre-hospital delays in patients requiring treatment for ischemic stroke
Main Article Content
Abstract
Cerebral ischemic stroke is the leading cause of death and adulthood disability in developed countries such as the UK and USA. The only pharmacological treatment available is intravenous thrombolytic therapy, which is most effective and beneficial to patients when administrated within a relatively short time window following stroke onset. However, a large number of patients are ineligible for thrombolysis treatment due to delays in receiving treatment. In this review we discuss those factors which are associated with treatment delay. Understanding such factors that contribute to treatment delays, especially in different regions of the world, may help to improve the time at which treatment can be delivered to stroke patients and reduce the detrimental effects of stroke.
Keywords:
ischemic stroke, treatment, delay, global
Article Details
How to Cite
GIBSON, Claire L; WU, Xinyu.
The factors associated with pre-hospital delays in patients requiring treatment for ischemic stroke.
Medical Research Archives, [S.l.], v. 6, n. 6, june 2018.
ISSN 2375-1924.
Available at: <https://esmed.org/MRA/mra/article/view/1767>. Date accessed: 28 dec. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.18103/mra.v6i6.1767.
Section
Review Articles
The Medical Research Archives grants authors the right to publish and reproduce the unrevised contribution in whole or in part at any time and in any form for any scholarly non-commercial purpose with the condition that all publications of the contribution include a full citation to the journal as published by the Medical Research Archives.
References
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8. Dyker AG, Lees KR. Duration of neuroprotective treatment for ischemic stroke. Stroke 1998; 29: 535-42.
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10. Barber PA, Zhang J, Demchuk AM, Hill MD, Buchan AM. Why are stroke patients excluded from TPA therapy? An analysis of patients eligibility. Neurology 2001; 56: 1015-20.
11. Fang J, Yan W, Jiang G, Li W, Cheng Q. Time interval between stroke onset and hospital arrival in acute ischemic stroke patients in Shanghai, China. Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery 2011; 113: 85-88.
12. Kim HJ, Ahn JH, Kim SH, Hong ES. Factors associated with prehospital delay for acute stroke in Ulsan, Korea. The Journal of Emergency Medicine 2011; 41: 59-63.
13. Chang KC, Tseng MC, Tan TY. Prehospital delay after acute stroke in Kaoshiung, Taiwan. Stroke 2004; 35: 700-4.
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15. Chen CH, Huang P, Yang YH, Liu CK, Lin TJ, Lin RT. Pre-hospital and in-hospital delays after onset of acute ischemic stroke. A hospital based study in southern Taiwan. Kaoshiung J Med Sci 2007; 23: No 11.
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25. Fonarow GC, Smith EE, Saver JL, Reeves MJ, Bhatt DL, Grau-Sepulveda MV et al. Timeliness of tissue-type plasminogen activator therapy in acute ischemic stroke: patient characteristics, hospital factors, and outcomes associated with door-to-needle times within 60 minutes. Circulation 2011; 123: 750-758.
26. Handschu R, Poppe R, Rau J, Neundorfer B, Erbguth F. Emergency calls in acute stroke. Stroke 2003; 34: 1005-9.
27. William LS, Bruno A, Rouch D, Marriott DJ. Stroke patients’ knowledge of stroke. Influence on time to presentation. Stroke 1997; 28: 912-15.
28. Adeoye O, Lindsell C, Broderick J, Alwell K, Jauch E, Moomaw CJ, Flaherty ML, Pancioli A, Kissela B, Kleindorfer D. Emergency medical services use by stroke patients: a population-based study. American Journal of Emergency Medicine 2009; 27: 141-45.
29. Moser DK, Kimble LP, Alberts MJ, Alonzo A, Croft JB, Dracup K, Evenson KR, Go AS, Hand MM, Kothari RU, Mensah GA, Morris DL, Pancioli AM, Riegel B, Zerwic JJ. Reducing delay in seeking treatment by patients with acute coronary syndrome and stroke: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association Council on cardiovascular nursing and stroke council. Circulation 2006; 114: 168-82.
30. Rossnagel K, Jungehulsing GJ, Nolte CH, Muller-Nordhorn J, Roll S, Wegscheider K, Villringer A, Willich SN.. Out-of-hospital delays in patients with acute stroke. Ann Emerg Med 2004; 44: 476-83.
31. Kothari R, Sauerbeck L, Jauch E, Broderick J, Brott T, Khoury J, Liu T. Patients’ awareness of stroke signs, symptoms, and risk factors. Stroke 1997; 28: 1871-5.
2. Zhou Y, Yang T, Gong Y, Li W, Chen Y, Li J, Wang M, Yin X, Hu B, Lu Z. Pre-hospital Delay after Acute Ischemic Stroke in Central Urban China: Prevalence and Risk Factors. Molecular Neurobiology 2016; 1: 1-10.
3. Gibson CL. Cerebral ischemic stroke: is gender important? Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 2013; 1-7. doi: 10.1038/ jcbfm.2013.102
4. The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke rt-PA Stroke Study Group. Tissue plasminogen activator for acute ischemic stroke, 1995. N Engl J Med 333: 1581-1587.
5. Hacke W, Donnan G, Fieschi C, Kaste M, von Kummer R, Broderick JP, Brott T, Frankel M, Grotta JC, Haley EC, Kwiatkowski T, Levine SR, Lewandowski C, Lu M, Lyden P, Marler JR, Patel S, Tilley BC, Albers G, Bluhmki E, Wilhelm M, Hamilton S. Association of outcome with early stroke treatment: pooled analysis of ATLANTIS, ECASS, and NINDS rt-PA stroke trials. Lancet 2004; 363: 768-74.
6. Wardlaw JM, Warlow CP. Thrombolysis in acute ischemic stroke: does it work? Stroke 1992; 23: 1826-39.
7. Hachinski V. Thrombolysis in stroke: between the promise and the peril. JAMA 1996; 276: 995-6.
8. Dyker AG, Lees KR. Duration of neuroprotective treatment for ischemic stroke. Stroke 1998; 29: 535-42.
9. Kleindorfer D, Kissela B, Schneider A, Woo D, Khoury J, Miller R, Alwell K, Gebel J, Szaflarski J, Pancioli A, Jauch E, Moomaw C, Shukla R, Broderick JP. Eligibility for recombinant tissue plasminogen activator in acute ischemic stroke: a population-based study. Stroke 2004; 35: e27-9.
10. Barber PA, Zhang J, Demchuk AM, Hill MD, Buchan AM. Why are stroke patients excluded from TPA therapy? An analysis of patients eligibility. Neurology 2001; 56: 1015-20.
11. Fang J, Yan W, Jiang G, Li W, Cheng Q. Time interval between stroke onset and hospital arrival in acute ischemic stroke patients in Shanghai, China. Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery 2011; 113: 85-88.
12. Kim HJ, Ahn JH, Kim SH, Hong ES. Factors associated with prehospital delay for acute stroke in Ulsan, Korea. The Journal of Emergency Medicine 2011; 41: 59-63.
13. Chang KC, Tseng MC, Tan TY. Prehospital delay after acute stroke in Kaoshiung, Taiwan. Stroke 2004; 35: 700-4.
14. Inatomi Y, Yonehara T, Hashimoto Y, Hirano T, Uchino M. Pre-hospital delay in the use of intravenous rt-PA for acute ischemic stroke in Japan. Journal of the Neurological Sciences 2008; 270: 127-32.
15. Chen CH, Huang P, Yang YH, Liu CK, Lin TJ, Lin RT. Pre-hospital and in-hospital delays after onset of acute ischemic stroke. A hospital based study in southern Taiwan. Kaoshiung J Med Sci 2007; 23: No 11.
16. Koksal EK, Gazioglu S, Boz C, Can G, Alioglu Z. Factors associated with early hospital arrival in acute ischemic stroke patients. Neurol Sci 2014; 35: 1567-72.
17. Geffner D, Soriano C, Perez T, Vilar C, Rodriguez D. Delay in seeking treatment by patients with stroke: who decides, where they go, and how long it takes. Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery 2012; 114: 21-25.
18. 18. Zerwic J, Hwang SY, Tucco L. Interpretation of symptoms and delay in seeking treatment by patients who have had a stroke: exploratory study. Heart and Lung 2005; 36: No 1.
19. Gargano JW, Wehner S, Reeves MJ. Presenting symptoms and onset-to-arrival time in patients with acute stroke and transient ischemic attack. Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Disease 2011; 20: 494-502.
20. Lichtman JH, Watanabe E, Allen NB, Jones SB, Dostal J, Goldstein LB. Hospital arrival time and intravenous t-PA use in US academic medical centers, 2001-2004. Stroke. 2009; 40: 3845-3850.
21. Saczynski JS, Yarzebski J, Lessard D, Spencer FA, Gurwitz JH, Gore JM, Goldberg RJ. Trends in prehospital delay in patients with acute myocardial infarction (from the Worcester Heart Attack Study). Am J Cardiol 2008; 102: 1589-94.
22. Jin H, Zhu S, Wei JW, Wang J, Liu M, Wu Y, Wong LK, Cheng Y, Xu E, Yang Q, Anderson CS, Huang Y. Factors associated with pre-hospital delays in the presentation of acute stroke in urban China. Stroke 2012; 43: 362-70.
23. Turan TN, Hertzberg V, Weiss P, McClellan W, Presley R, Krompf K, Karp H, Frankel MR. Clinical characteristics of patients with early hospital arrival after stroke symptom onset. Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Disease 2005; 14: 272-77.
24. Qureshi AI, Kirmani JF, Sayed MA, Safdar A, Ahmed S, Ferguson R, Hershey LA, Qazi KJ. Impact of time interval between symptom onset and arrival to the hospital on use of thrombolysis and in-hospital outcomes in patients with ischemic stroke. Presented at: American Academy of Neurology annual meeting: Cerebrovascular disease platform. San Francisco 2004.
25. Fonarow GC, Smith EE, Saver JL, Reeves MJ, Bhatt DL, Grau-Sepulveda MV et al. Timeliness of tissue-type plasminogen activator therapy in acute ischemic stroke: patient characteristics, hospital factors, and outcomes associated with door-to-needle times within 60 minutes. Circulation 2011; 123: 750-758.
26. Handschu R, Poppe R, Rau J, Neundorfer B, Erbguth F. Emergency calls in acute stroke. Stroke 2003; 34: 1005-9.
27. William LS, Bruno A, Rouch D, Marriott DJ. Stroke patients’ knowledge of stroke. Influence on time to presentation. Stroke 1997; 28: 912-15.
28. Adeoye O, Lindsell C, Broderick J, Alwell K, Jauch E, Moomaw CJ, Flaherty ML, Pancioli A, Kissela B, Kleindorfer D. Emergency medical services use by stroke patients: a population-based study. American Journal of Emergency Medicine 2009; 27: 141-45.
29. Moser DK, Kimble LP, Alberts MJ, Alonzo A, Croft JB, Dracup K, Evenson KR, Go AS, Hand MM, Kothari RU, Mensah GA, Morris DL, Pancioli AM, Riegel B, Zerwic JJ. Reducing delay in seeking treatment by patients with acute coronary syndrome and stroke: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association Council on cardiovascular nursing and stroke council. Circulation 2006; 114: 168-82.
30. Rossnagel K, Jungehulsing GJ, Nolte CH, Muller-Nordhorn J, Roll S, Wegscheider K, Villringer A, Willich SN.. Out-of-hospital delays in patients with acute stroke. Ann Emerg Med 2004; 44: 476-83.
31. Kothari R, Sauerbeck L, Jauch E, Broderick J, Brott T, Khoury J, Liu T. Patients’ awareness of stroke signs, symptoms, and risk factors. Stroke 1997; 28: 1871-5.