Mechanisms of action of manuka honey in an equine model of second intention wound healing: current thoughts and future directions
Main Article Content
Abstract
Honey has been utilized for the treatment of wounds by ancient civilizations for millennia. In recent times, there has been renewed interest in the use of honey in the treatment of chronic wounds and burns in response to the increased development of antimicrobial resistance to antibiotics. The physical properties of honey enhance wound healing by increasing the release of oxygen from hemoglobin, inactivating bacterial proteases and drawing fluid out of the wound bed initiating autolytic debridement. Honey also has broad spectrum antimicrobial activity. Peroxide or non-peroxide bactericidal activity is derived from phytochemicals drawn from specific plant species. Of the honey varietals, manuka honey, from the manuka tree (Leptospermum scoparium) is the most widely studied for its non-peroxide antimicrobial properties and ability to improve wound healing. This review summarizes the known mechanisms of action of manuka honey and the results of 4 experimental studies performed by the authors using an equine model of second intention healing. In addition, the future direction of research investigating the use of different varietals of honey as a therapeutic agent to enhance wound healing is explored.
Keywords:
Honey, Manuka honey, wounds, second intention healing, horse, equine, wound healing
Article Details
How to Cite
TSANG, Albert S et al.
Mechanisms of action of manuka honey in an equine model of second intention wound healing: current thoughts and future directions.
Medical Research Archives, [S.l.], v. 6, n. 7, july 2018.
ISSN 2375-1924.
Available at: <https://esmed.org/MRA/mra/article/view/1816>. Date accessed: 20 apr. 2024.
Section
Review Articles
The Medical Research Archives grants authors the right to publish and reproduce the unrevised contribution in whole or in part at any time and in any form for any scholarly non-commercial purpose with the condition that all publications of the contribution include a full citation to the journal as published by the Medical Research Archives.
References
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2. Majno G. The healing hand: man and wound in the ancient world. Cambridge: Harvard University Press; 1991.
3. Li S, Luo X. Bencao gangmu: Compendium of materia medica. Beijing: Foreign Languages Press; 2003.
4. Rogalska T. Healing the bee’s knees-on honey and wound healing. JAMA Dermatol. 2016;152(3):275.
5. Oryan A, Alemzadeh E, Moshiri A. Biological properties and therapeutic activities of honey in wound healing: a narrative review and meta-analysis. J Tissue Viability. 2016;25(2):98–118.
6. Subrahmanyam M. Honey dressing for burns: an appraisal. Ann Burns Fire Disasters. 1996;9(1):33–35.
7. Dart AJ, Bischofberger AS, Dart CM, Jeffcott LB. A review of research into second intention equine wound healing using manuka honey: Current recommendations and future applications. Equine Vet Educ. 2015;27:658-664.
8. Carter DA, Blair SE, Cokcetin NN, Bouzo D, Brooks P, Schothauer R, Harry EJ. Therapeutic manuka honey: no longer so alternative. Front Microbiol. 2016;7:569.
9. Molan PC. The evidence supporting the use of honey as a wound dressing. Int J Low Extrem Wounds. 2006;5:40-54.
10. Lee JH, Park JH, Kim JA, Neupane GP, Cho MH, Lee CS, Lee J. Low concentrations of honey reduce biofilm formation, quorum sensing, and virulence in Escherichia coli O157:H7. Biofouling. 2011;27:1095-1104.
11. Lee DS, Sinno S, Khachemoune A. Honey and wound healing an overview. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2011;12:181-190.
12. Allen KL, Molan PC, Reid GM. A survey of the antibacterial activity of some New-Zealand honeys. J Pharm Pharmacol. 1991;43:817-822.
13. Cooper RA, Jenkins L. A comparison between medical grade honey and table honeys in relation to antimicrobial efficacy. Wounds. 2009;21:29-36.
14. Kwakman P, te Velde AA, de Boer L, Vandenbroucke-Grauls CMJE, Zaat SA. Two major medicinal honeys have different mechanisms of bactericidal activity. PLoS One. 2011;6:e17709.
15. Carnwath R, Graham EM, Reynolds K, Pollock PJ. The antimicrobial activity of honey against common equine wound pathogens. Vet J. 2014;199:110-114.
16. Cooper RA. Honey as an effective antimicrobial treatment for chronic wounds: is there a place for it in modern medicine? Chronic Wound Care Manage Res. 2014;1:15-22.
17. Shah S. Manuka honey: it’s role in wound healing and inflammation [dissertation]. Cardiff, Wales: Cardiff Metropolitan University; 2017. 51 p.
18. Snow MJ, Manley-Harris M. On the nature of non-peroxide antibacterial activity in New Zealand manuka honey. Food Chem. 2004;84:145-147.
19. Stephens JM, Schlothauer RC, Morris BD, Yang D, Fearnley L, Greenwood DR, Loomes KM. Phenolic compounds and methylglyoxal in some New Zealand manuka and kanuka honeys. Food Chem. 2010;120:78–86.
20. Bigbie, RB, Schumacher, J, Swaim, SF, Purohit RC, Wright JC. Effects of amnion and live yeast-cell derivative on second-intention healing in horses. Am J Vet Res. 1991;52:1376-1382.
21. Wilmink JM, Stolk PWTH, Van Weeren PR, Barneveld A. Differences in second-intention wound healing between horses and ponies: macroscopic aspects. Equine Vet J. 1999;31(1):53-60.
22. Dart AJ, Perkins NR, Dart CM, Jeffcott LB, Canfield P. Effect of bandaging on second intention healing of wounds of the distal limb in horses. Aust Vet J. 2009;87(6):215-218.
23. Clayton W, Elasy TA. A review of the pathophysiology, classification, and treatment of foot ulcers in diabetic patients. Clinical Diabetes. 2009;27(2):52-58.
24. Kwakman PHS, Zaat SAJ. Antibacterial components of honey. Life. 2012;64:48-55.
25. Lin JK, Weng MS. Flavonoids as nutraceuticals. In: Grotewold E, ed. The Science of Flavonoids. New York, NY: Springer New York; 2006.
26. Saikaly SK, Khachemoune A. Honey and wound healing: an update. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2017;18(2):237-251.
27. Molan PC. The role of honey in the management of wounds. J Wound Care. 1999;8:415-418.
28. Molan PC. The evidence and the rationale for the use of honey as a wound dressing. Wound Pract Res. 2011;19:204-220.
29. Beldon P. Basic science of wound healing. Surgery (Oxford). 2010;28(9):409–412.
30. Gethin GT. The impact of manuka honey dressings on the surface of chronic wounds. Int Wound J. 2008;5:185-194.
31. Tarnuzzer RW, Schultz GS. (1996) Biochemical analysis of acute and chronic wound environments. Wound Repair Regen. 1996;4:321-325.
32. White JW, Schepartz AI, Subers MH. (1963) Identification of inhibine, the antibacterial factor in honey, as hydrogen peroxide and its origin in a honey glucose-oxidase system. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. 1963;73(1):57-70.
33. Bang LM, Buntting C, Molan P. The effect of dilution on the rate of hydrogen peroxide production in honey and its implications for wound healing. J Altern Complement Med. 2003;9:267-273.
34. Schmidt KN, Amstad P, Cerutti P, Baeuerle PA. The roles of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide as messengers in the activation of transcription factor NF-κB. Chem Biol. 1995;2(1):13-22.
35. Irish J, Blair S, Carter DA. The antibacterial activity of honey derived from Australian flora. PLoS One. 2011;6:e18229.
36. Chelikani P, Fita I, Loewen PC. Diversity of structures and properties among catalases. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2004;61:192-208.
37. Chen C, Campbell LT, Blair SE, Carter DA. (2012) The effect of standard heat and filtration processing procedures on antimicrobial activity and hydrogen peroxide levels in honey. Front Microbiol. 2012;3:265.
38. Brudzynski K, Sjaarda C, Maldonado-Alvarez L. A new look on protein-polyphenol complexation duign honey storage: is this a random or organized event with the help of dirigent-like proteins. PLoS One. 2013;8:e72897.
39. Pasias IN, Kiriakou IK, Kaitatzis A, Koutelidakis AE, Proestos C. Effect of late harvest and floral origin on honey antibacterial properties and quality parameters. Food Chem. 2018;242:513-518.
40. Mavric E, Wittmann S, Barth G, Henle T. Identification and quantification of methylglyoxal as the dominant antibacterial constituent of Manuka (Leptospermum scoparium) honeys from New Zealand. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2008;52:483-489.
41. Adams CJ, Manley-Harris M, Molan PC. The origin of methylglyoxal in New Zealand manuka (Leptospermum scoparium) honey. Carbohydr Res. 2009;344:1050-1053.
42. Atrott J, Haberlau S, Henle T. Studies on the formation of methylglyoxal from dihydroxyacetone in manuka (Leptospermum scoparium) honey. Carbohydr Res. 2012;361:7-11.
43. Majtan J, Bohova J, Prochazka E, Klaudiny J. Methylglyoxal may affect hydrogen peroxide accumulation in manuka honey through the inhibition of glucose oxidase. J Med Food. 2014;17:290-293.
44. Molan PC. The antibacterial activity of honey: 2.Variation in the potency of the antibacterial activity. Bee World. 1992;73(2):59-76.
45. Kato Y, Umeda N, Maeda A, Matsumoto D, Kitamoto N, Kikuzaki H. Identification of a novel glycoside, leptosin, as a chemical marker of manuka honey. J Agric Food Chem. 2012;60:3418-3423.
46. Bucekova M, Sojka M, Valachova I, Martinotti S, Ranzato E, Szep Z, Majtan V, Klaudiny J, Majtan J. Bee-derived antibacterial peptide, defensin-1, promotes wound re-epithelialisation in vitro and in vivo. Sci Rep. 2017;7:7340.
47. Majtan J, Klaudiny J, Bohova J, Kohutova L, Dzurova M, Sediva M, Bartosova M, Majtan V. Methylglyoxal-induced modifications of significant honeybee proteinous components in manuka honey: possible therapeutic implications. Fitoterapia. 2012;83(4):671–7.
48. Unique Manuka Factor® Honey Association. UMF® Grading System. Unique Manuka Factor® Honey Association. http://www.umf.org.nz/grading-system-explained/. Updated 2016. Accessed June 12, 2016.
49. Molan P. Why honey is effective as a medicine: 2.The scientific explanation of its effects. Bee World. 2001;82:22-40.
50. Jenkins R, Burton N, Cooper R. Effect of manuka honey on universal stress protein A in methicillin Staphylococcus aureus. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2011;37:373-376.
51. Jenkins R, Burton N, Jenkins R. Manuka honey inhibits cell division in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2011;66:2536-2542.
52. Henriques AF, Jenkins RE, Burton NF, Cooper RA. The effect of manuka honey on the structure of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2011;30:167-171.
53. Roberts AE, Maddocks SE, Cooper RA. Manuka honey is bactericidal against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and results in differential expression of oprF and algD. Microbiology. 2012;158:3005-3013.
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