NT-proBNP Level Predicts Extent of Myonecrosis and Clinical Adverse Outcomes in Patients with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: A Pilot Study
Main Article Content
Abstract
Background and Hypothesis: The initial assessment of late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) reflects cardiac damage and is an important prognostic factor in patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). N-Terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) is released following cardiomyocytes injury. However, the relationship between NT-proBNP levels, myocardial damage and clinical outcomes after STEMI has not been well defined.
Methods: Plasma levels of NT-proBNP, troponin I and creatinine kinase (CK) were assessed in 75 patients with STEMI. Echocardiography and CMR were performed prior to hospital discharge. Cardiac damage was quantified using peak biomarker levels and LGE. Patients were followed for a median of 975 days (IQR 823-1098 days) for major adverse cardiac events (MACE) (all-cause mortality, recurrent myocardial infraction, unplanned recurrent revascularization and recurrent hospitalization for heart failure).
Results: Plasma levels of NT-proBNP increased following STEMI to peak at 24 hours. The dynamic changes in plasma NT-proBNP were similar to those noted with troponin I and its delayed peak but not those observed with plasma CK levels. Peak NT-proBNP levels correlated positively with indices of myocardial damage such as peak troponin I (R2=0.38, P <0.001), peak CK (R2=0.22, P = 0.01) and LGE examination (R2 = 0.46, P <0.001). Peak plasma level of NT- proBNP was strongly predictive of MACE during the follow-up period.
Conclusions: Peak levels of NT-proBNP following STEMI are predictive of the extent of myocardial damage and clinical outcomes. These results suggest an important prognostic role for NT-proBNP assessment in STEMI patients.
Keywords:
ST-elevation myocardial infarction, NT-proBNP, cardiac biomarkers, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, cardiac outcome
Article Details
How to Cite
MATHBOUT, Mohammad et al.
NT-proBNP Level Predicts Extent of Myonecrosis and Clinical Adverse Outcomes in Patients with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: A Pilot Study.
Medical Research Archives, [S.l.], v. 8, n. 2, feb. 2020.
ISSN 2375-1924.
Available at: <https://esmed.org/MRA/mra/article/view/2039>. Date accessed: 25 apr. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.18103/mra.v8i2.2039.
Section
Research Articles
The Medical Research Archives grants authors the right to publish and reproduce the unrevised contribution in whole or in part at any time and in any form for any scholarly non-commercial purpose with the condition that all publications of the contribution include a full citation to the journal as published by the Medical Research Archives.
References
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24. White HD, Norris RM, Brown MA, Brandt PW, Whitlock RM, Wild CJ. Left ventricular end-systolic volume as the major determinant of survival after recovery from myocardial infarction. Circulation 1987;76:44-51.
25. Coats AJ. Is preventive medicine responsible for the increasing prevalence of heart failure? Lancet (London, England) 1998;352 Suppl 1:Si39-41.
26. Nilsson JC, Groenning BA, Nielsen G et al. Left ventricular remodeling in the first year after acute myocardial infarction and the predictive value of N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide. American Heart Journal 2002;143:696-702.
27. Eitel I, Desch S, Fuernau G et al. Prognostic significance and determinants of myocardial salvage assessed by cardiovascular magnetic resonance in acute reperfused myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol 2010;55:2470-9.
28. Ndrepepa G, Mehilli J, Schwaiger M et al. Prognostic value of myocardial salvage achieved by reperfusion therapy in patients with acute myocardial infarction. J Nucl Med 2004;45:725-9.
29. Aletras AH, Kellman P, Derbyshire JA, Arai AE. ACUT2E TSE-SSFP: a hybrid method for T2-weighted imaging of edema in the heart. Magn Reson Med 2008;59:229-35.
30. Friedrich MG, Kim HW, Kim RJ. T2-weighted imaging to assess post-infarct myocardium at risk. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2011;4:1014-21.
31. Lonborg J, Vejlstrup N, Mathiasen AB, Thomsen C, Jensen JS, Engstrom T. Myocardial area at risk and salvage measured by T2-weighted cardiovascular magnetic resonance: reproducibility and comparison of two T2-weighted protocols. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2011;13:50.
32. Richards AM, Nicholls MG, Yandle TG et al. Plasma N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide and adrenomedullin: new neurohormonal predictors of left ventricular function and prognosis after myocardial infarction. Circulation 1998;97:1921-9.
33. Richards AM, Nicholls MG, Yandle TG et al. Neuroendocrine prediction of left ventricular function and heart failure after acute myocardial infarction. The Christchurch Cardioendocrine Research Group. Heart 1999;81:114-20.
34. Omland T, Aakvaag A, Bonarjee VV et al. Plasma brain natriuretic peptide as an indicator of left ventricular systolic function and long-term survival after acute myocardial infarction Comparison with plasma atrial natriuretic peptide and N-terminal proatrial natriuretic peptide. Circulation 1996;93:1963-9.
35. Nagaya N, Nishikimi T, Goto Y et al. Plasma brain natriuretic peptide is a biochemical marker for the prediction of progressive ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction. Am Heart J 1998;135:21-8.
36. Nagaya N, Goto Y, Nishikimi T et al. Sustained elevation of plasma brain natriuretic peptide levels associated with progressive ventricular remodelling after acute myocardial infarction. Clinical science (London, England : 1979) 1999;96:129-36
2. de Waha S, Patel MR, Granger CB et al. Relationship between microvascular obstruction and adverse events following primary primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST- segment elevation myocardial infarction: an individual patient data pooled analysis from seven randomized trials. Eur Heart J 2017.
3. Yancy CW, Jessup M, Bozkurt B et al. 2013 ACCF/AHA guideline for the management of heart failure: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol 2013;62:e147-239.
4. Berger R, Huelsman M, Strecker K et al. B-type natriuretic peptide predicts sudden death in patients with chronic heart failure. Circulation 2002;105:2392-7.
5. Kim MK, Chung WY, Cho YS et al. Serum N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide levels at the time of hospital admission predict of microvascular obstructions after primary percutaneous coronary intervention for acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. J Interv Cardiol 2011;24:34-41.
6. Kragelund C, Gronning B, Kober L, Hildebrandt P, Steffensen R. N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide and long-term mortality in stable coronary heart disease. N Engl J Med 2005;352:666-75.
7. Schnabel R, Lubos E, Rupprecht HJ et al. B-type natriuretic peptide and the risk of cardiovascular events and death in patients with stable angina: results from the AtheroGene study. J Am Coll Cardiol 2006;47:552-8.
8. Lindholm D, James SK, Bertilsson M et al. Biomarkers and Coronary Lesions Predict Outcomes after Revascularization in Non-ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome. Clin Chem 2017;63:573-584.
9. Parenica J, Kala P, Pavkova MG et al. Natriuretic peptides, nitrite/nitrate and superoxidedismutase have additional value on top of the GRACE score in prediction of one-year mortality and rehospitalisation for heart failure in STEMI patients - Multiple biomarkers prospective cohort study. Int J Cardiol 2016;211:96-104.
10. Schellings DA, Adiyaman A, Dambrink JE et al. Predictive value of NT-proBNP for 30-day mortality in patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes: a comparison with the GRACE and TIMI risk scores. Vasc Health Risk Manag 2016;12:471-476.
11. Bodi V, Sanchis J, Llacer A et al. Multimarker risk strategy for predicting 1-month and 1-year major events in non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes. Am Heart J 2005;149:268-74.
12. James SK, Lindahl B, Siegbahn A et al. N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide and other risk markers for the separate prediction of mortality and subsequent myocardial infarction in patients with unstable coronary artery disease: a Global Utilization of Strategies To Open occluded arteries (GUSTO)-IV substudy. Circulation 2003;108:275-81.
13. Sabatine MS, Morrow DA, de Lemos JA et al. Multimarker approach to risk stratification in non-ST elevation acute coronary syndromes: simultaneous assessment of troponin I, C-reactive protein, and B-type natriuretic peptide. Circulation 2002;105:1760-3.
14. Davis M, Espiner E, Richards G et al. Plasma brain natriuretic peptide in assessment of acute dyspnoea. Lancet (London, England) 1994;343:440-4.
15. Mukoyama M, Nakao K, Hosoda K et al. Brain natriuretic peptide as a novel cardiac hormone in humans. Evidence for an exquisite dual natriuretic peptide system, atrial natriuretic peptide and brain natriuretic peptide. J Clin Invest 1991;87:1402-12
16. Maisel A. B-type natriuretic peptide measurements in diagnosing congestive heart failure in the dyspneic emergency department patient. Reviews in cardiovascular medicine 2002;3 Suppl 4:S10-7.
17. Abramowitz Y, Chakravarty T, Jilaihawi H et al. Impact of Preprocedural B-Type Natriuretic Peptide Levels on the Outcomes After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation. Am J Cardiol 2015;116:1904-9.
18. Daniels LB, Maisel AS. Natriuretic peptides. J Am Coll Cardiol 2007;50:2357-68.
19. A comparison of aspirin plus tirofiban with aspirin plus heparin for unstable angina. N Engl J Med 1998;338:1498-505.
20. Heeschen C, Hamm CW, Mitrovic V, Lantelme NH, White HD, Platelet Receptor Inhibition in Ischemic Syndrome Management I. N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide levels for dynamic risk stratification of patients with acute coronary syndromes. Circulation 2004;110:3206-12.
21. Jernberg T, Stridsberg M, Venge P, Lindahl B. N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide on admission for early risk stratification of patients with chest pain and no ST-segment elevation. J Am Coll Cardiol 2002;40:437-45.
22. Ndrepepa G, Braun S, Mehilli J et al. N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide on admission in patients with acute myocardial infarction and correlation with scintigraphic infarct size, efficacy of reperfusion, and prognosis. Am J Cardiol 2006;97:1151-6.
23. Pfeffer MA, Braunwald E. Ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction. Experimental observations and clinical implications. Circulation 1990;81:1161-72.
24. White HD, Norris RM, Brown MA, Brandt PW, Whitlock RM, Wild CJ. Left ventricular end-systolic volume as the major determinant of survival after recovery from myocardial infarction. Circulation 1987;76:44-51.
25. Coats AJ. Is preventive medicine responsible for the increasing prevalence of heart failure? Lancet (London, England) 1998;352 Suppl 1:Si39-41.
26. Nilsson JC, Groenning BA, Nielsen G et al. Left ventricular remodeling in the first year after acute myocardial infarction and the predictive value of N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide. American Heart Journal 2002;143:696-702.
27. Eitel I, Desch S, Fuernau G et al. Prognostic significance and determinants of myocardial salvage assessed by cardiovascular magnetic resonance in acute reperfused myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol 2010;55:2470-9.
28. Ndrepepa G, Mehilli J, Schwaiger M et al. Prognostic value of myocardial salvage achieved by reperfusion therapy in patients with acute myocardial infarction. J Nucl Med 2004;45:725-9.
29. Aletras AH, Kellman P, Derbyshire JA, Arai AE. ACUT2E TSE-SSFP: a hybrid method for T2-weighted imaging of edema in the heart. Magn Reson Med 2008;59:229-35.
30. Friedrich MG, Kim HW, Kim RJ. T2-weighted imaging to assess post-infarct myocardium at risk. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2011;4:1014-21.
31. Lonborg J, Vejlstrup N, Mathiasen AB, Thomsen C, Jensen JS, Engstrom T. Myocardial area at risk and salvage measured by T2-weighted cardiovascular magnetic resonance: reproducibility and comparison of two T2-weighted protocols. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2011;13:50.
32. Richards AM, Nicholls MG, Yandle TG et al. Plasma N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide and adrenomedullin: new neurohormonal predictors of left ventricular function and prognosis after myocardial infarction. Circulation 1998;97:1921-9.
33. Richards AM, Nicholls MG, Yandle TG et al. Neuroendocrine prediction of left ventricular function and heart failure after acute myocardial infarction. The Christchurch Cardioendocrine Research Group. Heart 1999;81:114-20.
34. Omland T, Aakvaag A, Bonarjee VV et al. Plasma brain natriuretic peptide as an indicator of left ventricular systolic function and long-term survival after acute myocardial infarction Comparison with plasma atrial natriuretic peptide and N-terminal proatrial natriuretic peptide. Circulation 1996;93:1963-9.
35. Nagaya N, Nishikimi T, Goto Y et al. Plasma brain natriuretic peptide is a biochemical marker for the prediction of progressive ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction. Am Heart J 1998;135:21-8.
36. Nagaya N, Goto Y, Nishikimi T et al. Sustained elevation of plasma brain natriuretic peptide levels associated with progressive ventricular remodelling after acute myocardial infarction. Clinical science (London, England : 1979) 1999;96:129-36