The Use of tPA Alone for Fibrinolysis is based on a Misunderstanding that has Cost Many Lives
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GUREWICH, Victor.
The Use of tPA Alone for Fibrinolysis is based on a Misunderstanding that has Cost Many Lives.
Medical Research Archives, [S.l.], v. 8, n. 10, oct. 2020.
ISSN 2375-1924.
Available at: <https://esmed.org/MRA/mra/article/view/2261>. Date accessed: 08 dec. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.18103/mra.v8i10.2261.
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Research Articles
The Medical Research Archives grants authors the right to publish and reproduce the unrevised contribution in whole or in part at any time and in any form for any scholarly non-commercial purpose with the condition that all publications of the contribution include a full citation to the journal as published by the Medical Research Archives.
References
1. Boersma E, Maas ACP,Deckers JW et al Early thrombolytic treatment in acute myocardial infarction; reappraisal of the golden hour. Lancet 1996; 348:771-75.
2. Brophy JM, Joseph L. Placing trials in context using Bayesian analysis. GUSTO revisited by Reverend Bayes. JAMA 1995;273:871-75.
3. Yellon DM, Hausenloy DJ. Myocardial reperfusion injury. N Engl J Med 2007;357;1121-35.
4. Assessment of the safety and efficacy of a new treatment strategy with coronary intervention (ASSENT-4 PCI): a randomized trial. Lancet 2006; 367:569-78.
5. GUSTO Angiographic investigators. The effects of tissue plasminogen activator, streptokinase, or both on coronary patency, ventricular function, and survival after acute myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 1993; 329:1615-22.
6. Husain SS, Gurewich V. Purification and partial characterization of a single-chain, high molecular weight form of urokinase from human urine. Arch Biochem Biophys 1983;220(1):31-38.
7. Park S, Harker LA, Marzec UM, Levin EG. Demonstration of single-chain urokinase plasminogen activator on human platelet membrane. Blood 1989; 73:1421-25.
8. Gurewich V, Johnstone M, Loza JP, Pannell R. Pro-urokinase and prelkallikrein are both associated with platelets: implications for the intrinsic pathway of fibrinolysis. Thromb Haemost 1994;71:347-52.
9. Jiang YP, Pannell R, Liu JN, Gurewich V. Evidence of a novel biding protein for urokinase plasminogen activator in platelet membranes. Blood 1996; 87:2775-81.
10. Lenich C, Liu JN, Gurewich V Thrombin stimulation of platelets induces plasminogen activation mediated by endogenous urokinase-type plasminogen activator. Blood 1997; 90:3579-86.
11. Pannell R, Black J, Gurewich V. The complementary modes of action of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and pro-urokinase (pro-UK) by which their synergistic effect in clot lysis can be explained. J Clin Invest 1988;
81:853-59.
12. Husain SS, Lipinsli B, Gurewich V. Rapid purification of high affinity plasminogen activator from human plasma on fibrin-celite. Proc Nat Acad Sci (USA). 1981; 78(7):4265-69.
13. Hoylaerts M, Rijken DC, Lijnen JR, Collen D. Kinetics of the activation of plasminogen by human tissue plasminogen activator. Role of fibrin. J Biol Chem. 1982; 257:2912-19.
14. Liu JN, Gurewich V. Fragment E-2 from fibrin substantially enhances pro-urokinase induced glu-plasminogen activation. A kinetic study using a plasmin-resistant mutant (Ala-158 rpro-urokinase). Biochemistry 1992; 31:6311-17.
15. Petersen LC. Kinetics of reciprocal pro-urokinase/plasminogen activation. Stimulation by a template formed by the urokinase receptor bound to poly (D-lysine). Euro J Biochem 1997; 245:316-23
16. Singh I, Burnand KG, Collens M, Luttun A, Collen D, Boelhouwer B, Smith A. Failure of a thrombus to resolve in urokinase-type gene knockout mice. Circulation 2003;107;869-75.
17. Zarich SW, Kowalchuk GJ, Weaver WD, Loscalzo J. Sassower M, Manzo K,Byrnes C, Muller JE Gurewich V. Sequential combination thrombolytic therapy for acute myocardial infarction: results of the pro-urokinase and tPA enhancement of thrombolysis (PATENT) trial. J AM Coll Cardio 1995; 26:374-79.
18. GUSTO Investigators. An international randomized trial comparing four thrombolytic strategies for acute myocardial infarction. N Eng J Med 1993;329:673-82.
2. Brophy JM, Joseph L. Placing trials in context using Bayesian analysis. GUSTO revisited by Reverend Bayes. JAMA 1995;273:871-75.
3. Yellon DM, Hausenloy DJ. Myocardial reperfusion injury. N Engl J Med 2007;357;1121-35.
4. Assessment of the safety and efficacy of a new treatment strategy with coronary intervention (ASSENT-4 PCI): a randomized trial. Lancet 2006; 367:569-78.
5. GUSTO Angiographic investigators. The effects of tissue plasminogen activator, streptokinase, or both on coronary patency, ventricular function, and survival after acute myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 1993; 329:1615-22.
6. Husain SS, Gurewich V. Purification and partial characterization of a single-chain, high molecular weight form of urokinase from human urine. Arch Biochem Biophys 1983;220(1):31-38.
7. Park S, Harker LA, Marzec UM, Levin EG. Demonstration of single-chain urokinase plasminogen activator on human platelet membrane. Blood 1989; 73:1421-25.
8. Gurewich V, Johnstone M, Loza JP, Pannell R. Pro-urokinase and prelkallikrein are both associated with platelets: implications for the intrinsic pathway of fibrinolysis. Thromb Haemost 1994;71:347-52.
9. Jiang YP, Pannell R, Liu JN, Gurewich V. Evidence of a novel biding protein for urokinase plasminogen activator in platelet membranes. Blood 1996; 87:2775-81.
10. Lenich C, Liu JN, Gurewich V Thrombin stimulation of platelets induces plasminogen activation mediated by endogenous urokinase-type plasminogen activator. Blood 1997; 90:3579-86.
11. Pannell R, Black J, Gurewich V. The complementary modes of action of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and pro-urokinase (pro-UK) by which their synergistic effect in clot lysis can be explained. J Clin Invest 1988;
81:853-59.
12. Husain SS, Lipinsli B, Gurewich V. Rapid purification of high affinity plasminogen activator from human plasma on fibrin-celite. Proc Nat Acad Sci (USA). 1981; 78(7):4265-69.
13. Hoylaerts M, Rijken DC, Lijnen JR, Collen D. Kinetics of the activation of plasminogen by human tissue plasminogen activator. Role of fibrin. J Biol Chem. 1982; 257:2912-19.
14. Liu JN, Gurewich V. Fragment E-2 from fibrin substantially enhances pro-urokinase induced glu-plasminogen activation. A kinetic study using a plasmin-resistant mutant (Ala-158 rpro-urokinase). Biochemistry 1992; 31:6311-17.
15. Petersen LC. Kinetics of reciprocal pro-urokinase/plasminogen activation. Stimulation by a template formed by the urokinase receptor bound to poly (D-lysine). Euro J Biochem 1997; 245:316-23
16. Singh I, Burnand KG, Collens M, Luttun A, Collen D, Boelhouwer B, Smith A. Failure of a thrombus to resolve in urokinase-type gene knockout mice. Circulation 2003;107;869-75.
17. Zarich SW, Kowalchuk GJ, Weaver WD, Loscalzo J. Sassower M, Manzo K,Byrnes C, Muller JE Gurewich V. Sequential combination thrombolytic therapy for acute myocardial infarction: results of the pro-urokinase and tPA enhancement of thrombolysis (PATENT) trial. J AM Coll Cardio 1995; 26:374-79.
18. GUSTO Investigators. An international randomized trial comparing four thrombolytic strategies for acute myocardial infarction. N Eng J Med 1993;329:673-82.