Alcohol Consumption among Sexual Offenders in the Context of Analysis of Forensic Psychiatric Assessments.
Main Article Content
Abstract
Introduction: The association of alcohol use with committing sexual offences is well established. However, there are still gaps in knowledge about the mechanisms which lead to alcohol overuse and related sexual violence occurring under the influence of alcohol among this group of perpetrators.
Goal: The goal of this paper is to describe characteristics of perpetrators of sexual offences with regards to their self-declared alcohol use status: “overusing” – declaring overusing alcohol, “not-overusing” – declaring not overusing alcohol, and “abstaining” – declaring abstinence from alcohol.
Material and Methods: Material for this study consisted of 180 individual forensic psychiatric reports issued by the experts from the Mental Health Clinic at the 10th Military Clinical Hospital in Bydgoszcz. The reports were reviewed by the study authors. Relevant data from was extracted using the survey tool developed for the purpose of this study: “Survey of Factors Determining Sexual Criminal Behaviour”
Results: Statistically significant associations between several studied variables were noted and presented in table format, see tables 1-3 for details.
Conclusions:
- Disinhibiting effect of alcohol on sexual offending is associated with coexisting personality disorders and organic personality disorders.
- Perpetrators of sexual offences overusing alcohol are characterized by poor levels of social functioning and personal history of being raised in dysfunctional families with alcohol problems.
Keywords:
sexual offences, alcohol overuse, personality disorders
Article Details
How to Cite
JUSZCZAK, Dariusz et al.
Alcohol Consumption among Sexual Offenders in the Context of Analysis of Forensic Psychiatric Assessments..
Medical Research Archives, [S.l.], v. 9, n. 1, jan. 2021.
ISSN 2375-1924.
Available at: <https://esmed.org/MRA/mra/article/view/2293>. Date accessed: 20 apr. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.18103/mra.v9i1.2293.
Section
Research Articles
The Medical Research Archives grants authors the right to publish and reproduce the unrevised contribution in whole or in part at any time and in any form for any scholarly non-commercial purpose with the condition that all publications of the contribution include a full citation to the journal as published by the Medical Research Archives.
References
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22. Thornton D. Constructing & testing a framework for dynamic risk assessment. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment. 2002;14:139-154.
23. Ward T, Hudson SM, Keenan T. A self-regulation model of the sexual offense process. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment. 1998;10:141-157.
24. Ward T, Hudson SM, Marshall WL. Attachment style in sex offenders: A preliminary study. Journal of Sex Research. 1996;33:17-26.
25. Ward T, Siegert RJ. Toward a comprehensive theory of child sexual abuse: A theory knitting perspective. Psychology. Crime and Law. 2002;8:319-351.
26. Birmingham L. Mental disorder in prisons. Psychiatric Bulletin. 2004;28:393-397.
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28. Mossman D. Understanding Prediction Instruments. In: Simon RI, Gold LH. Textbook of Forensic Psychiatry. American Psychiatric Publishing. 2004:510.
29. Ward T, Hudson SM. A Model of the Relapse Process in Sexual Offenders. Journal of Interpersonal Violence. 1998;13:700-725.
30. Pernanen K. Alcohol in Human Violens. New York. Gulford Press. 1991.
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32. Griffith E, Anderson P, Babor TF, Casswell S. Alcohol Policy and the Public Good. Oxford University Press. New York. 1994.
33. Alonso-Fernandez F. Alcoologie Transculturelle. Confrontations Psychiatriques. 1982;21:57-78.
34. Wolff PH. Ethnic differences in alcohol sensitivity. Sciense. 1972;175, 449-450.
35. Pernanen K. Theoretical aspects of the relationship between alcohol use and crime. Gulford Press. New York 1981.
36. Eccleston L, Brown M, Ward T. The assessment of dangerous behavior. Advances in Psychology Research. 2002;11:71-112.
37. Eysenck MW, Eysenck HJ. Mischel and the concept of personality. British Journal of Psychology. 1980;71:191-204.
38. Hart S, Laws DR, Kropp PR. The risk-need model of offender rehabilitation. In: Ward T, Laws DR, Hudson. Theoretical issues and controversies in sexual deviance. London. 2003: 338-354.
39. Mc Guire J. Explanations of criminal behavior. In: McGuire J, Mason T, O’Kane A. Behavior, crime and legal processes: A guide for legal practitioners. Chichester. UK. Wiley. 2000:135-159.
40. Hanson RK, Harris AJR. Where should we intervene? Dynamic predictors of sexual offence recidivism. Criminal Justice and Behaviour. 2000;27:6-35.
41. Maden A, Taylor CJA, Brooke D. Mental disorder in remand prisoners. Home Office. London. 1995.
42. Williams LM, Finkelhor D. The characteristics of incestuous fathers: a review of recent studies. In: Marshall WL, Laws DR, Barbaree HE. The handbook of sexual assault: issues, theories and treatment of the offender. Plenum Press. New York. 1990:231-255.
43. Kafka MP, Prentky RA. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in males with paraphilias and paraphilia-related disorders: a comorbidity study. J Clin Psychiatry, 1998;59(7):388-96.
44. Raymond NC, Coleman E, Ohlerking F, Christenson GA, Miner M. Psychiatric comorbidity in pedophilic sex offenders. Am J Psychiatry. 1999;156(5):786-8.
45. Kafka MP, Hennen J. DSM-IV Axis I comorbidity study of males (n = 120) with paraphilia and paraphilia-related disorders. Sex Abuse. 2002;14(4):349-66.
46. Bachman R. Violence Against Women. A National Crime Victimization Survey Raport. Washington DC 1994.
47. Leue A, Borchard B, Hoyer J. Mental disorders in a forensic sample of sexual offenders. Eur Psychiatry. 2004;19(3):123-130.
48. Harsch S, Bergk JE, Steinet T, Kellerb F, Jockuschand U. Prevalence of mental disorders among sexual offenders in forensic psychiatry and prison. Int J Law Psychiatry. 2006;29(5):443-449.
49. Andrews DA, Bonta J. The psychology of criminal conduct (2nd ed.). Cincinnati. Anderson Publishing. 1998.
50. Blackburn R. Risk assessment and prediction. In: J. McGuire T, Mason A,
O’Kane: Behavior, crime and legal processes: A guide for legal practitioners. Chichester. UK. Wiley. 2000: 178-204.
51. Hollin CR. Treatment programs for offenders: Meta-analysis, ‘‘what works’’ and beyond. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry. 1999;22:361-372.
52. Marshall WL, Marshall LE. The origins of sexual offending. Trauma, Violence & Abuse. 2000;1:250-263.
53. Juszczak D, Korzeniewski K. The comparative analysis of selected psychosocial and psychopathological factors among the sexual offenders with personality disorders. Seksuologia Polska. 2016;(14)1:19-24.
54. Packard WS, Rosner R. Psychiatric evaluations of sexual offenders. J Forensic Sci. 1985;30(3):715-20.
55. Mc Elroy SL, Soutullo CA, Taylor P Jr, Nelson EB, Beckman D, Brusman LA and al. Psychiatric features of 36 men convicted of sexual offenses. J Clin Psychiatry. 1999;60(6):414-420.
56. Dunsieth NW Jr, Nelson EB, Brusman-Lovins LA, Holcomb JL, Beckman D, Welge J and al: Psychiatric and legal features of 113 men convicted of sexual offenses. J Clin Psychiatry. 2004;65(3):293-300.
57. George WH, Stoner SA. Understanding acute alcohol effects on sexual behavior. Annual Review of Sex Research. 11:92-124.
58. Bancroft J. Human Sexuality and its Problems. Elsevier Limited. 2009:484-529.
59. Finkelhor D. Child sexual abuse: New theory and research. New York: Free Press. 1984.
60. Marshall WL, Barbaree HE. An integrated theory of the etiology of sexual offending. In: Marshall WL, Laws DR, Barbaree HE. Handbook of sexual assault: Issues, theories, and treatment of the offender. New York. 1990:257-275.
61. Beech AR, Ward T. The integration of etiology and risk in sexual offenders: A theoretical framework. Aggression and Violent Behavior. 2004;10:31-63.
62. Steel CM, Josephs RA. Alcohol myopia, its prized and dangerous effects. American Psychologist. 1990;45: 921-933.
2. Zonana H, Roth JA, Cone V. Forensic Assessment of Sex Offenders. In: Simon RI, Gold LH. Textbook of Forensic Psychiatry. American Psychiatric Publishing. 2004;349-375.
3. Rice ME, Chaplin TC, Harris GT, Coutts J. Empathy for the victim and sexual arousal among rapists and no-rapists. Journal of Interpersonal Violence.1994;4 (9):435-449.
4. Nunes KL, Firestone P, Bradford JM, Greenberg DM, Broom I. A Comparison of Modified Versions of the Static-99 and the Sex Offender Risk Appraisal Guide. Sexual Abuse. A Journal of Research and Treatment. 2002;14:253-269.
5. Hanson RK, Bussiere MT. Predictors of sexual offender recidivism: a meta-analysis. Department of the Solicitor General. 1998, Ottawa.
6. Barker JG, Howell RJ. The plethysmograph: a review of recent literature. Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry and Law. 1992;20:13-25.
7. Rice ME, Harris GT, Quinsey VL. A follow up of rapists assessed in a maximum security psychiatric facility. Journal of Interpersonal Violence. 1990;5:435-448.
8. Launay G. The phallometric assessment of sex offenders: an update. Criminal Behavior and Mental Health. 1999;9:254-274.
9. Grubin D. The role of the polygraph in the assessment and management of risk in sex offenders in the community. In: Matravers A (ed.) Sex offenders in the community. William Publishing, Cullompton, 2003.
10. Simon WT, Schouten PGW. The plethysmograph reconsidered: comments on Barker and Howell. Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry and Law. 1993;21:505-512.
11. Freud K. The female child as a surrogate object. Archives of Sexual Behavior. 1972;2.
12. Templemann TL, Stinnett RD. Patterns of sexual arousal and history in a 'normal' sample of young men. Archives of Sexual Behaviour. 1991;10:137-150.
13. O’Shaughnessy RJ. Violent adolescent sexual offenders. Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin. 2002;11(4):749-65.
14. Smallbone SW, Wortley RK. Criminal diversity and paraphilic interests among adult males convicted of sexual offenses against children. Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol. 2004;48(2):175-88.
15. Hanson RK, Bussière MT. Predicting Relapse: a meta-analysis of sexual offender recidivism studies. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. 1998; 66(2):348-362.
16. Grubin D, Gunn J. The imprisoned rapist and rape. HMSO, London, 1991.
17. Doren DM. Evaluating sex offenders. A manual for civil commitments and beyond. London: Sage, 2002.
18. Grove WM, Meehl PE. Comparative efficiency of informal (subjective, impressionistic) and formal (mechanical, algorithmic) prediction procedures. The clinical statistical controversy. Psychology Public Policy and Law. 1996;2, 293–323.
19. Grove WM, Zald DH, Lebow BS, Snitz BE, Nelson C. Clinical versus mechanical prediction: A meta-analysis. Psychological Assessment. 2000;12:19-30.
20. Hanson RK, Morton KE, Harris AJR. Sexual offender recidivism risk: What we know and what we need to know. In: R Prentky E, Janus M, Seto AW. Burgess (Eds.), Sexually coercive behavior: Understanding and management. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 2003;989:154-166.
21. Hall GC, Hirschman R. Sexual aggression against children: A conceptual perspective of etiology. Criminal Justice and Behavior. 1992;19:8-23.
22. Thornton D. Constructing & testing a framework for dynamic risk assessment. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment. 2002;14:139-154.
23. Ward T, Hudson SM, Keenan T. A self-regulation model of the sexual offense process. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment. 1998;10:141-157.
24. Ward T, Hudson SM, Marshall WL. Attachment style in sex offenders: A preliminary study. Journal of Sex Research. 1996;33:17-26.
25. Ward T, Siegert RJ. Toward a comprehensive theory of child sexual abuse: A theory knitting perspective. Psychology. Crime and Law. 2002;8:319-351.
26. Birmingham L. Mental disorder in prisons. Psychiatric Bulletin. 2004;28:393-397.
27. Hanson RK, Scot H, Steffy RA. A comparison of child molesters and nonsexual criminals: risk predictors and long-term recidivism. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency. 1995;3(32):325-337.
28. Mossman D. Understanding Prediction Instruments. In: Simon RI, Gold LH. Textbook of Forensic Psychiatry. American Psychiatric Publishing. 2004:510.
29. Ward T, Hudson SM. A Model of the Relapse Process in Sexual Offenders. Journal of Interpersonal Violence. 1998;13:700-725.
30. Pernanen K. Alcohol in Human Violens. New York. Gulford Press. 1991.
31. Welte JW, Abel EL. Homicide – drinking by the victim. J Stud Alcohol. 1989;50(3):197-201.
32. Griffith E, Anderson P, Babor TF, Casswell S. Alcohol Policy and the Public Good. Oxford University Press. New York. 1994.
33. Alonso-Fernandez F. Alcoologie Transculturelle. Confrontations Psychiatriques. 1982;21:57-78.
34. Wolff PH. Ethnic differences in alcohol sensitivity. Sciense. 1972;175, 449-450.
35. Pernanen K. Theoretical aspects of the relationship between alcohol use and crime. Gulford Press. New York 1981.
36. Eccleston L, Brown M, Ward T. The assessment of dangerous behavior. Advances in Psychology Research. 2002;11:71-112.
37. Eysenck MW, Eysenck HJ. Mischel and the concept of personality. British Journal of Psychology. 1980;71:191-204.
38. Hart S, Laws DR, Kropp PR. The risk-need model of offender rehabilitation. In: Ward T, Laws DR, Hudson. Theoretical issues and controversies in sexual deviance. London. 2003: 338-354.
39. Mc Guire J. Explanations of criminal behavior. In: McGuire J, Mason T, O’Kane A. Behavior, crime and legal processes: A guide for legal practitioners. Chichester. UK. Wiley. 2000:135-159.
40. Hanson RK, Harris AJR. Where should we intervene? Dynamic predictors of sexual offence recidivism. Criminal Justice and Behaviour. 2000;27:6-35.
41. Maden A, Taylor CJA, Brooke D. Mental disorder in remand prisoners. Home Office. London. 1995.
42. Williams LM, Finkelhor D. The characteristics of incestuous fathers: a review of recent studies. In: Marshall WL, Laws DR, Barbaree HE. The handbook of sexual assault: issues, theories and treatment of the offender. Plenum Press. New York. 1990:231-255.
43. Kafka MP, Prentky RA. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in males with paraphilias and paraphilia-related disorders: a comorbidity study. J Clin Psychiatry, 1998;59(7):388-96.
44. Raymond NC, Coleman E, Ohlerking F, Christenson GA, Miner M. Psychiatric comorbidity in pedophilic sex offenders. Am J Psychiatry. 1999;156(5):786-8.
45. Kafka MP, Hennen J. DSM-IV Axis I comorbidity study of males (n = 120) with paraphilia and paraphilia-related disorders. Sex Abuse. 2002;14(4):349-66.
46. Bachman R. Violence Against Women. A National Crime Victimization Survey Raport. Washington DC 1994.
47. Leue A, Borchard B, Hoyer J. Mental disorders in a forensic sample of sexual offenders. Eur Psychiatry. 2004;19(3):123-130.
48. Harsch S, Bergk JE, Steinet T, Kellerb F, Jockuschand U. Prevalence of mental disorders among sexual offenders in forensic psychiatry and prison. Int J Law Psychiatry. 2006;29(5):443-449.
49. Andrews DA, Bonta J. The psychology of criminal conduct (2nd ed.). Cincinnati. Anderson Publishing. 1998.
50. Blackburn R. Risk assessment and prediction. In: J. McGuire T, Mason A,
O’Kane: Behavior, crime and legal processes: A guide for legal practitioners. Chichester. UK. Wiley. 2000: 178-204.
51. Hollin CR. Treatment programs for offenders: Meta-analysis, ‘‘what works’’ and beyond. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry. 1999;22:361-372.
52. Marshall WL, Marshall LE. The origins of sexual offending. Trauma, Violence & Abuse. 2000;1:250-263.
53. Juszczak D, Korzeniewski K. The comparative analysis of selected psychosocial and psychopathological factors among the sexual offenders with personality disorders. Seksuologia Polska. 2016;(14)1:19-24.
54. Packard WS, Rosner R. Psychiatric evaluations of sexual offenders. J Forensic Sci. 1985;30(3):715-20.
55. Mc Elroy SL, Soutullo CA, Taylor P Jr, Nelson EB, Beckman D, Brusman LA and al. Psychiatric features of 36 men convicted of sexual offenses. J Clin Psychiatry. 1999;60(6):414-420.
56. Dunsieth NW Jr, Nelson EB, Brusman-Lovins LA, Holcomb JL, Beckman D, Welge J and al: Psychiatric and legal features of 113 men convicted of sexual offenses. J Clin Psychiatry. 2004;65(3):293-300.
57. George WH, Stoner SA. Understanding acute alcohol effects on sexual behavior. Annual Review of Sex Research. 11:92-124.
58. Bancroft J. Human Sexuality and its Problems. Elsevier Limited. 2009:484-529.
59. Finkelhor D. Child sexual abuse: New theory and research. New York: Free Press. 1984.
60. Marshall WL, Barbaree HE. An integrated theory of the etiology of sexual offending. In: Marshall WL, Laws DR, Barbaree HE. Handbook of sexual assault: Issues, theories, and treatment of the offender. New York. 1990:257-275.
61. Beech AR, Ward T. The integration of etiology and risk in sexual offenders: A theoretical framework. Aggression and Violent Behavior. 2004;10:31-63.
62. Steel CM, Josephs RA. Alcohol myopia, its prized and dangerous effects. American Psychologist. 1990;45: 921-933.