Biobased Hyperbranched Poly(ester)s of Precise Structure for the Release of Therapeutics
Main Article Content
Abstract
Hyperbrached poly(ester)s derived from naturally-occurring biomonomers may serve as excellent platforms for the sustained-release of therapeutics. Those generated from glycerol are particularly attractive. Traditionally, the difference in reactivity of the hydroxyl groups of glycerol has precluded the formation of well-defined polymers at high monomer conversion without gelation. Using the Martin-Smith model to select appropriate monomer ratios (ratios of functional groups), polymerization may be carried out to high conversion while avoiding gelation and with the assurance of a single type of endgroup. Various agents may be attached via esterification, amide formation or other process. Sustained release of the active agent may be readily achieved by enzyme-catalyzed hydrolysis.
Article Details
How to Cite
HOWELL, Bob A.; ZHANG, Tracy; SMITH, Patrick B..
Biobased Hyperbranched Poly(ester)s of Precise Structure for the Release of Therapeutics.
Medical Research Archives, [S.l.], v. 9, n. 1, jan. 2021.
ISSN 2375-1924.
Available at: <https://esmed.org/MRA/mra/article/view/2308>. Date accessed: 26 dec. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.18103/mra.v9i1.2308.
Section
Research Articles
The Medical Research Archives grants authors the right to publish and reproduce the unrevised contribution in whole or in part at any time and in any form for any scholarly non-commercial purpose with the condition that all publications of the contribution include a full citation to the journal as published by the Medical Research Archives.
References
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(3) B. A. Howell and D. Fan, “Poly(amidoamine) Dendrimer-supported Organoplatinum Antitumor Agents”, Proc. R. Soc. A, 2010, 466, 1515-1526.
(4) S. Tang, S. M. June, B. A. Howell and M. Chai, “Synthesis of Salicylate Dendrimer Prodrugs”, Tetrahedron Lett., 2006, 47, 7671-7675.
(5) Y. Hed, Y. Zhang, O. C. J. Andren, X. Zeng, A. M. Nystrom and M. Malkoch, “Side-by-side Comparison of Dendritic-linear Hybrids and their Hyperbranched Analogs as Micellar Carriers of Chemotherapeutics”, J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem., 2013, 51, 3992-3996.
(6) D. Yan, C. Cao and H. Frey, Eds., Hyperbranched Polymers: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2011.
(7) H. R. Kricheldork and G. Behnken, “Biodegradable Hyperbranched Aliphatic Polyesters Derived from Pentaerythritol”, Macromolecules, 2008, 41, 5651-5657.
(8) P. J. Flory, “Molecular Size Distribution in Three-dimensional Polymers. VI. Branched Polymers Containing A-R-Bf-1 Type Units”, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1952, 74, 2718-2723.
(9) W. H. Stockmayer, “Theory of Molecular Size Distribution and Gel Formation in Branched-chain Polymers”, J. Chem. Phys., 1943, 11, 45.
(10) W. H. Stockmayer, “Theory of Molecular Size Distribution and Gel Formation in Branched Polymers. II. General Crosslinking”, J. Chem. Phys., 1944, 12, 125.
(11) J.-F. Stumbe and B. Bruchmann, “Hyperbranched Polyesters Based on Adipic Acid and Glycerol”, Macrol. Rapid Commun., 2004, 25, 921-924.
(12) V. T. Wyatt, “Lewis Acid-catalyzed Synthesis of Hyperbranched Polymers Based on Glycerol and Diacids in Toluene”, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 2012, 89, 313-319.
(13) V. T. Wyatt and G. D. Strahan, “Degree of Branching in Hyperbranched Poly(glycerol-co-diacid)s Synthesized in Toluene”, Polymer, 2012, 4, 396-407.
(14) Y. Li, W. D. Cook, C. Moorhoff, W.-C. Huang and Q.-Z. Chen, “Sythesis, Characterization and Properties of Biocompatible Poly(glycerol sebacate) Prepolymer and Gel”, Polym. Int., 2013, 62, 534-547.
(15) Y. Yang, W. Lu, J. Cai, Y. Hou, S. Ouyang, W. Xie and R. A. Gross, “Poly(oleic acid-co-glycerol): Comparison of Polymer Structure Resulting from Chemical and Lipase Catalysis”, Macromolecules, 2011, 44, 1977-1985.
(16) T. Zhang, B. A. Howell, A. Dumitrascu, S. J. Martin and P. B. Smith, “Synthesis and Characterization of Glycerol-Adipic Acid Hyperbranched Poly(ester)s”, Polymer, 2014, 55, 5065-5072.
(17) C. W. Macosko and D. R. Miller, “A New Derivation of Average Molecular Weights of Nonlinear Polymers”, Macromolecules, 1976, 9, 199-206.
(18) D. R. Miller and C. W. Macosko, “Average Property Relations for Nonlinear Polymerization with Unequal Reactivity,” Macromolecules, 1978, 11, 656-662.
(19) D. R. Miller and C. W. Macosko, “Substituent Effects in Property Relations for Stepwise Polyfunctional Polymerization”, Macromolecules, 1980, 13, 1063-1069.
(20) T. Zhang, B. A. Howell, and P. B. Smith, “Rational Synthesis of Hyperbranched Poly(ester)s”, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 2017, 56, 1661-1670.
(21) T. Zhang, B. A. Howell, D. Zhang, B. Zhu, and P. B. Smith, “Hyperbranched Poly(ester)s for Delivery of Small Molecule Therapeutics”, Polym. Adv. Technol., 2018, 29, 2352-2363.
(22) A. Muniandy, C. S. Lee, W. H. Lim, M. R. Pichika and K. K. Mak, “Hyperbranched Poly(glycerol esteramide): A Biocompatible Drug Carrier From Glycerol Feedstock and Dicarboxylic Acid”, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2020, doi.org/110.1002/app.50126.
(23) B. A. Howell, T. Zhang and P. B. Smith, “Hyperbranched Poly(ester)s from Renewable Biomonomers by Design: Nontoxic Platforms for the Delivery of Therapeutic Agents”, Sci. J. Research & Rev., 2019, 2(2).