A pelvic trinity: prostate, hormones and nerves
Main Article Content
Abstract
The prostate is an accessory sex gland responsible for producing and excreting prostate fluid. In the male rat, hormones such as testosterone (T) and prolactin (PRL) and the pelvic and hypogastric nerves regulate the gland, providing afferent information and adrenergic and cholinergic innervation to the prostate. Damages in the innervation or alterations in the hormonal levels of T and PRL changes the prostate’s cytoarchitecture and function that can promote the presence of cancer. However, sexual activity delays effects induced by hormonal alterations or dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system, but it does not mean that they do not appear since the cases of death from prostate cancer is still increasing. That is why this review has the fundamental purpose of showing the relationship between the hormones, autonomic nervous system, and sexual behavior in the pathophysiology of the prostate, with the ultimate aim of trying to understand the role that each one plays in diseases of the prostate. To date, results show that morphological changes in the prostate correlate with an increase in prolactin serum levels, a decrease in androgen and long prolactin receptors, and an increase in short prolactin receptors. Also, damage in the innervation induces an increase in androgen and muscarinic receptors in the major pelvic ganglia that supply the nerves that control the prostate in animal with sexual experience.
Keywords:
prostate, hormones, major pelvic ganglion, sexual behavior
Article Details
How to Cite
CRUZ-RIVAS, Victor Hugo et al.
A pelvic trinity: prostate, hormones and nerves.
Medical Research Archives, [S.l.], v. 10, n. 2, feb. 2022.
ISSN 2375-1924.
Available at: <https://esmed.org/MRA/mra/article/view/2669>. Date accessed: 04 dec. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.18103/mra.v10i2.2669.
Section
Research Articles
The Medical Research Archives grants authors the right to publish and reproduce the unrevised contribution in whole or in part at any time and in any form for any scholarly non-commercial purpose with the condition that all publications of the contribution include a full citation to the journal as published by the Medical Research Archives.
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4. Tlachi-López JL, López A, Hoffman K, Velázquez-Moctezuma J, García-Lorenzana M, Lucio RA. Rat dorsal prostate is necessary for vaginal adhesion of the seminal plug and sperm motility in the uterine horns. Biol Res. 2011;44(3):259-267. doi:10.4067/S0716-97602011000300007
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7. Keast JR, Booth AM, de Groat WC. Distribution of neurons in the major pelvic ganglion of the rat which supply the bladder, colon or penis. Cell Tissue Res. 1989;256(1):105-112. doi:10.1007/BF00224723
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