Breast Implant Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma (BIA- ALCL): A Systematic Review and Case Report Regarding Incidence and Pathology Workup Systematic review and case report regarding incidence and pathological workup
Main Article Content
Abstract
Background: Breast implant–associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA ALCL) is a rare indolent yet lethal disease. Recently the WHO accepted it as an individual new entity. Since then national and international registries have attempted to collect epidemiological data, but incidence rates vary strongly. The aim of this article is to provide an update on the status of the national BIA-ALCL registries and identify pitfalls alongside the current collection and diagnostic algorhythm.
Methods: A systematic review of the literature was performed and epidemiological data from national registries were compared. Furthermore a case report of a false positive diagnosis was added and the pitfalls alongside the diagnostic algorhythm was worked out.
Results: The comparison of national registries revealed significant differences in the collected data. Mean start of the registries was 2014, median 2015. Reporting of BIA-ALCL cases is mandatory except in two countries. Capture rates vary between 0-100%. Incidence rates range from 0.0 up to 8.9 per million implant years. The number of deaths does not correlate with the number of implants or the total population. The very same strains of CD30 can be interpreted differently.
Conclusion: Comparing epidemiologic data revealed significant differences among national registries. In particular, non-published sales data of breast implants and non-mandatory recording of the disease lead to an overall underreporting of cases. Therefore, the incidence rates still cannot be compared uniformly. Furthermore the definition of CD30 straining intensity should be standardized and adjusted in the guidelines.
Article Details
How to Cite
REINHARD, Ruben et al.
Breast Implant Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma (BIA- ALCL): A Systematic Review and Case Report Regarding Incidence and Pathology Workup.
Medical Research Archives, [S.l.], v. 10, n. 8, aug. 2022.
ISSN 2375-1924.
Available at: <https://esmed.org/MRA/mra/article/view/2840>. Date accessed: 26 dec. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.18103/mra.v10i8.2840.
Section
Review Articles
The Medical Research Archives grants authors the right to publish and reproduce the unrevised contribution in whole or in part at any time and in any form for any scholarly non-commercial purpose with the condition that all publications of the contribution include a full citation to the journal as published by the Medical Research Archives.
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26. Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte. Möglicher Zusammenhang zwischen Brustimplantaten und der Entstehung eines anaplastischen großzelligen Lymphoms (ALCL). Published April 25, 2022. Accessed April 25, 2022. https://www.bfarm.de/SharedDocs/Risikoinformationen/Medizinprodukte/DE/Brustimplantate_ALCL_FDA.html
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29. Prantl L, Gerken M, Zeman F, et al. Incidence of Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma and Breast-Implant-Associated Lymphoma-An Analysis of a Certified Tumor Registry over 17 Years. J Clin Med. 2020;9(5). doi:10.3390/jcm9051247
30. Ministero della Salute. Protesi mammarie e Linfoma anaplastico a grandi cellule (ALCL). Published April 25, 2022. Accessed April 25, 2022. https://www.salute.gov.it/portale/temi/p2_6.jsp?lingua=italiano&id=4419&area=dispositivi-medici&menu=vigilanza
31. Istituto Nazionale di Statistica. Resident population by age, sex and marital status on 1st January 2022. Published April 25, 2022. Accessed April 25, 2022. https://demo.istat.it/popres/index.php?anno=2022&lingua=eng
32. Campanale A, Spagnoli A, Lispi L, Boldrini R, Marletta M. The Crucial Role of Surgical Treatment in BIA-ALCL Prognosis in Early- and Advanced-Stage Patients. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2020;146(5):530e-538e. doi:10.1097/PRS.0000000000007240
33. Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek. Bevolkingsteller. Published April 25, 2022. Accessed April 25, 2022. https://www.cbs.nl/nl-nl/visualisaties/dashboard-bevolking/bevolkingsteller
34. Boer M de, van Leeuwen FE, Hauptmann M, et al. Breast Implants and the Risk of Anaplastic Large-Cell Lymphoma in the Breast. JAMA Oncol. 2018;4(3):335-341. doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2017.4510
35. INE. INEbase / Demografía y población /Padrón. Población por municipios /Estadística del Padrón continuo / Últimos datos. Published April 24, 2022. Accessed April 25, 2022. https://www.ine.es/dyngs/INEbase/es/operacion.htm?c=Estadistica_C&cid=1254736177012&menu=ultiDatos&idp=1254734710990
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