Abstract
Many studies have identified various risk factors associated with Covid-19, for example, individuals with comorbidities are at an increased risk of contracting the disease and developing severe symptoms than those without comorbidities, however, these findings are inconsistent. This study identifies various risk predictors of Covid-19 patients with and without comorbidities. Data of Covid-19 patients was retrieved from Patient Digital Library of Shalamar Hospital, Lahore and encompassed patients’ gender, age, symptoms and severity besides other vitals. Data of total 1,639 patients who were admitted at Pulmonology Unit of Shalamar Hospital was examined. Out of this, 180 Covid-19 patients were recruited for final analyses as they were fully in accordance with the eligibility criteria framed for this study. Of these, 137 were suffering from comorbidities and the analysis revealed that these comorbidities had significant effect on the end result of the Covid-19 illness (P=0.002) i.e. the mortality rate among the patients with comorbidities was found to be 33.6% (n=46) and that of patients with no comorbidities was 9.3% (n=4). Likewise, the recovery rate of patients without comorbidities was significantly high (90.7%, n=39). However, interestingly, presence or absence of comorbidities had no significant impact on severity of the disease. Moreover, O2 saturation < 90% is predicted as a risk factor of severity whereas age > 59, presence of comorbidities and severe symptoms are found to be the risk predictors for the outcome of the disease being recovered or expired.