The effect of low to moderate prenatal alcohol exposure and binge drinking episodes on draw-a-person at age 5 years.
Main Article Content
Abstract
This study examined the effects of maternal alcohol consumption and binge drinking during pregnancy on children’s Draw-A-Person (DAP) scores. Participants were 1,533 5-year-olds from the Danish National Birth Cohort. Regression analyses revealed an adverse effect of nine or more drinks per week. A drop in mean DAP score of 6.26 (95 % CI: -12.24; -0.39) was observed in the fully adjusted model. A significant interaction between average weekly consumption and binge episodes also was observed. Findings suggest that prenatal exposure to moderate weekly doses of alcohol and binge drinking episodes are associated with lowered scores on the DAP.
Article Details
How to Cite
UGLVIG JENSEN, Linda et al.
The effect of low to moderate prenatal alcohol exposure and binge drinking episodes on draw-a-person at age 5 years..
Medical Research Archives, [S.l.], v. 2, n. 2, aug. 2015.
ISSN 2375-1924.
Available at: <https://esmed.org/MRA/mra/article/view/326>. Date accessed: 22 dec. 2024.
Keywords
prenatal alcohol exposure; visual-motor skills; drawing, draw-a-person
Section
Research Articles
The Medical Research Archives grants authors the right to publish and reproduce the unrevised contribution in whole or in part at any time and in any form for any scholarly non-commercial purpose with the condition that all publications of the contribution include a full citation to the journal as published by the Medical Research Archives.
References
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Eriksen, H-L., Kesmodel, U. S., Underbjerg, M., Kilburn, T. R., Bertrand, J., & Mortensen, E. L. (2013). Predictors of intelligence at the age of 5: Family, pregnancy and birth characteristics, postnatal influences, and postnatal growth. PLoS One, 8(11), e79200.
Falgreen Eriksen, H-L., Mortensen, E. L., Kilburn, T. R., Underbjerg, M., Bertrand, J., Støvring, H., ... Kesmodel, U. S. (2012). The effects of low to moderate prenatal alcohol exposure in early pregnancy on IQ in 5-year-old children. BJOG, 119, 1191-1200. DOI:10.1111/j.1471-0528.2012.03394.x.
Fried, P. A., O’Connell, C. M., & Watkinson, B. (1992). 60 and 72 month follow-up of children prenatally exposed to marijuana, cigarettes and alcohol: Cognitive and language assessment. J Dev Behav Pediatr, 13, 383–91.
Goodlett, C. R., Horn, K. H., & Zhou, F. C. (2005). Alcohol teratogenesis: mechanisms of damage and strategies for intervention. Exp Biol Med, 230(6), 394-406.
Greene, T., Ernhart, C. B., Ager, J., Sokol, R., Martier, S., & Boyd, T. (1991). Prenatal alcohol exposure and cognitive development in the preschool years. Neurotoxicol Teratol, 13(1), 57-68.
Henderson, J., Kesmodel, U., & Gray, R. (2007). Systematic review of the fetal effects of prenatal binge-drinking. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 61(12), 1069-1073.
Kable, J. A. & Coles, C. D. (2003). Teratology of alcohol: Implications for school settings. In: R. T. Brown (Ed.). Handbook of Pediatric Psychology in School Settings (pp. 379-404). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erbaum Associates.
Kable, J. A., & Coles, C. D. (2007). Socio-cognitive habilitation using the math interactive learning experience program for alcohol affected children. Alcohol Clin Exp Res, 31, 1425-1434.
Kelly, Y., Iacovou, M., Quigley, M. A., Gray, R., Wolke, D., Kelly, J., & Sacker, A. (2013). Light drinking versus abstinence in pregnancy - behavioural and cognitive outcomes in 7-year-old children: a longitudinal cohort study. BJOG,120(11),1340-7.
Kelly, J., & Sacker, A. (2013). Light drinking versus abstinence in pregnancy - behavioural and cognitive outcomes in 7-year-old children: a longitudinal cohort study. BJOG,120(11),1340-7.
Kelly, Y., Sacker, A., Gray, R., Kelly, J., Wolke, D., & Quigley, M. A. (2009). Is light drinking in pregnancy, a risk for behavioural problems and cognitive deficits at 3 years of age? Int J Epidemiol, 38(1), 129-40.
Kelly, Y. J., Sacker, A., Gray, R.., Kelly, J., Wolke, D., Head J, & Quigley, M. A. (2012). Light drinking during pregnancy: still no increased risk for socioemotional difficulties or cognitive deficits at 5 years of age? J Epidemiol Community Health, 66(1), 41-8.
Kesmodel, U. S. (2001). Binge drinking in pregnancy - frequency and methodology. Am J Epidemiol, 154(8), 777-782.
Kesmodel, U. S., Bertrand, J., Støvring, H., Skarpness, B., Denny, C. H., Mortensen, E. L., & the Lifestyle During Pregnancy Study Group. (2012a). The effect of different alcohol drinking patterns in early to mid pregnancy on the child’s intelligence, attention and executive function. BJOG, 119, 1180-1190. DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2012.03393.x
Kesmodel, U. S., Falgreen-Eriksen, H-L., Underbjerg, M., Kilburn, T. R., Støvring, H., Wimberley, T., & Mortensen, E. L. (2012b). The effect of alcohol binge drinking in early pregnancy on general intelligence in children. BJOG, 119, 1222-1231. DOI:10.1111/j.1471-0528.2012.03395.x.
Kesmodel, U. S., Kesmodel, P. S., Larsen, A., & Secher, N. J. (2003). Use of alcohol and illicit drugs among pregnant Danish women, 1998. Scand J Public Health. 31(1), 5-11.
Kesmodel, U. S., Underbjerg, M., Kilburn, T. R., Bakketeig, L. S., Mortensen, E. L., Landrø, N. I., ... Thorsen, P. (2010). Lifestyle during pregnancy: Neurodevelopmental effects at 5 years of age. The design and implementation of a prospective follow-up study. Scand J Public Health, 38(2), 208-219.
Kopera-Frye, K. & Zielinski, S. (1995). Children with fetal alcohol syndrome and fetal alcohol effects: patterns of performance on IQ and visual-motor ability. Technical Report of Southern Utah University: Cedar City, UT. (ERIC document: ED 381 964).
Maier, S. E., Miller, J. A., & West, J. R. (1999). Prenatal binge-like alcohol exposure in the rat results in region- specific deficits in brain growth. Neurotoxicol Teratol, 21(3), 285-291.
Mattson S. N,, Roesch, S. C,, Fagerlund, Å,, Autti-Rämö, I., Jones, K. L., May, P. A., … & the Collaborative Initiative on FASDs. (2010). Toward a Neurobehavioral Profile of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research. 34(9), 1640-1650
O'Leary, C. M., Taylor, C., Zubrick, S. R., Kurinczuk, J. J., & Bower, C. (2013). Prenatal alcohol exposure and educational achievement in children aged 8-9 years. Pediatrics, 132(2), e468-e475.
Raven, J. C. (1958). Standard Progressive Matrices. Oxford: Oxford Psychologists Press.
Reynolds, C. R. & Hickman, J. A. (2004). Draw-a-person intellectual ability test for children adolescents and adults: Examiner’s manual. Austin, TX: Pro-Ed.
Skogerbø, Ȃ., Kesmodel, U, S., Denny, C. H., Kjaersgaard, M. I. S., Wimberley, T., Landrø, N. I. & Mortensen, E. L. (2013). The effects of low to moderate alcohol consumption and binge drinking in early pregnancy on behaviour in 5-year-old children: A prospective cohort study on 1628 children. BJOG, 120, 1042-1050. DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.12208
Skogerbø, Ȃ., Kesmodel, U. S., Wimberley, T., Støvring, H., Bertrand, J., Landrø, N. I., & Mortensen, E. L. (2012). The effects of low to moderate alcohol consumption and binge drinking in early pregnancy on executive function in 5-year-old children. BJOG, 119, 1201-1210. DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2012.03397.x.
Strandberg-Larsen, K., Nielsen, N. R., Grønbæk, M., Andersen, P. K., Olsen, J., Andersen, A. M. (2008). Binge drinking in pregnancy and risk of fetal death. Obstetrics & Gynecology, 111(3), 602-609. DOI: 10.1097/AOG.0b013e3181661431
Streissguth, A. P., Barr, H. M., & Sampson, P. D. (1990). Moderate prenatal alcohol exposure: Effects on child IQ and learning problems at age 7 1/2 years. Alcohol Clin Exp Res, 14(5), 662-669.
Uecker, A. & Nadel, L. (1996). Spatial locations gone awry: Object and spatial memory deficits in children with fetal alcohol syndrome. Neuropsychologia, 34, 209-223.
Underbjerg, M., Kesmodel, U. S., Landrø, N. I., Bakketeig, L. S., Grove, J., Wimberley, T., ... Mortensen, E. L. (2012). The effects of low to moderate alcohol consumption and binge drinking in early pregnancy on selective and sustained attention in 5-year-old children. BJOG, 119:1211-1221. DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2012.03396.x.
Wechsler, D. (1995). Manual for the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale. New York, NY: The Psychological Corporation.
Wechsler, D. (1999). Manual for the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence – Revised. Swedish Version. Stockholm: Psykologiforlaget AB.
Clarren, S. K. (1986). Neuropathology in fetal alcohol syndrome in Alcohol and Brain Development (ed. West, JR) Oxford Press, New York pp 158-166.
Danish National Birth Cohort. Code books for interviews 1-4. (2010). http://www.ssi.dk/English/R%20and%20D/Epidemiology/DNBC/For%20researchers/Data%20available/Interviews%201%20-%204.aspx.
Eriksen, H-L., Kesmodel, U. S., Underbjerg, M., Kilburn, T. R., Bertrand, J., & Mortensen, E. L. (2013). Predictors of intelligence at the age of 5: Family, pregnancy and birth characteristics, postnatal influences, and postnatal growth. PLoS One, 8(11), e79200.
Falgreen Eriksen, H-L., Mortensen, E. L., Kilburn, T. R., Underbjerg, M., Bertrand, J., Støvring, H., ... Kesmodel, U. S. (2012). The effects of low to moderate prenatal alcohol exposure in early pregnancy on IQ in 5-year-old children. BJOG, 119, 1191-1200. DOI:10.1111/j.1471-0528.2012.03394.x.
Fried, P. A., O’Connell, C. M., & Watkinson, B. (1992). 60 and 72 month follow-up of children prenatally exposed to marijuana, cigarettes and alcohol: Cognitive and language assessment. J Dev Behav Pediatr, 13, 383–91.
Goodlett, C. R., Horn, K. H., & Zhou, F. C. (2005). Alcohol teratogenesis: mechanisms of damage and strategies for intervention. Exp Biol Med, 230(6), 394-406.
Greene, T., Ernhart, C. B., Ager, J., Sokol, R., Martier, S., & Boyd, T. (1991). Prenatal alcohol exposure and cognitive development in the preschool years. Neurotoxicol Teratol, 13(1), 57-68.
Henderson, J., Kesmodel, U., & Gray, R. (2007). Systematic review of the fetal effects of prenatal binge-drinking. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 61(12), 1069-1073.
Kable, J. A. & Coles, C. D. (2003). Teratology of alcohol: Implications for school settings. In: R. T. Brown (Ed.). Handbook of Pediatric Psychology in School Settings (pp. 379-404). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erbaum Associates.
Kable, J. A., & Coles, C. D. (2007). Socio-cognitive habilitation using the math interactive learning experience program for alcohol affected children. Alcohol Clin Exp Res, 31, 1425-1434.
Kelly, Y., Iacovou, M., Quigley, M. A., Gray, R., Wolke, D., Kelly, J., & Sacker, A. (2013). Light drinking versus abstinence in pregnancy - behavioural and cognitive outcomes in 7-year-old children: a longitudinal cohort study. BJOG,120(11),1340-7.
Kelly, J., & Sacker, A. (2013). Light drinking versus abstinence in pregnancy - behavioural and cognitive outcomes in 7-year-old children: a longitudinal cohort study. BJOG,120(11),1340-7.
Kelly, Y., Sacker, A., Gray, R., Kelly, J., Wolke, D., & Quigley, M. A. (2009). Is light drinking in pregnancy, a risk for behavioural problems and cognitive deficits at 3 years of age? Int J Epidemiol, 38(1), 129-40.
Kelly, Y. J., Sacker, A., Gray, R.., Kelly, J., Wolke, D., Head J, & Quigley, M. A. (2012). Light drinking during pregnancy: still no increased risk for socioemotional difficulties or cognitive deficits at 5 years of age? J Epidemiol Community Health, 66(1), 41-8.
Kesmodel, U. S. (2001). Binge drinking in pregnancy - frequency and methodology. Am J Epidemiol, 154(8), 777-782.
Kesmodel, U. S., Bertrand, J., Støvring, H., Skarpness, B., Denny, C. H., Mortensen, E. L., & the Lifestyle During Pregnancy Study Group. (2012a). The effect of different alcohol drinking patterns in early to mid pregnancy on the child’s intelligence, attention and executive function. BJOG, 119, 1180-1190. DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2012.03393.x
Kesmodel, U. S., Falgreen-Eriksen, H-L., Underbjerg, M., Kilburn, T. R., Støvring, H., Wimberley, T., & Mortensen, E. L. (2012b). The effect of alcohol binge drinking in early pregnancy on general intelligence in children. BJOG, 119, 1222-1231. DOI:10.1111/j.1471-0528.2012.03395.x.
Kesmodel, U. S., Kesmodel, P. S., Larsen, A., & Secher, N. J. (2003). Use of alcohol and illicit drugs among pregnant Danish women, 1998. Scand J Public Health. 31(1), 5-11.
Kesmodel, U. S., Underbjerg, M., Kilburn, T. R., Bakketeig, L. S., Mortensen, E. L., Landrø, N. I., ... Thorsen, P. (2010). Lifestyle during pregnancy: Neurodevelopmental effects at 5 years of age. The design and implementation of a prospective follow-up study. Scand J Public Health, 38(2), 208-219.
Kopera-Frye, K. & Zielinski, S. (1995). Children with fetal alcohol syndrome and fetal alcohol effects: patterns of performance on IQ and visual-motor ability. Technical Report of Southern Utah University: Cedar City, UT. (ERIC document: ED 381 964).
Maier, S. E., Miller, J. A., & West, J. R. (1999). Prenatal binge-like alcohol exposure in the rat results in region- specific deficits in brain growth. Neurotoxicol Teratol, 21(3), 285-291.
Mattson S. N,, Roesch, S. C,, Fagerlund, Å,, Autti-Rämö, I., Jones, K. L., May, P. A., … & the Collaborative Initiative on FASDs. (2010). Toward a Neurobehavioral Profile of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research. 34(9), 1640-1650
O'Leary, C. M., Taylor, C., Zubrick, S. R., Kurinczuk, J. J., & Bower, C. (2013). Prenatal alcohol exposure and educational achievement in children aged 8-9 years. Pediatrics, 132(2), e468-e475.
Raven, J. C. (1958). Standard Progressive Matrices. Oxford: Oxford Psychologists Press.
Reynolds, C. R. & Hickman, J. A. (2004). Draw-a-person intellectual ability test for children adolescents and adults: Examiner’s manual. Austin, TX: Pro-Ed.
Skogerbø, Ȃ., Kesmodel, U, S., Denny, C. H., Kjaersgaard, M. I. S., Wimberley, T., Landrø, N. I. & Mortensen, E. L. (2013). The effects of low to moderate alcohol consumption and binge drinking in early pregnancy on behaviour in 5-year-old children: A prospective cohort study on 1628 children. BJOG, 120, 1042-1050. DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.12208
Skogerbø, Ȃ., Kesmodel, U. S., Wimberley, T., Støvring, H., Bertrand, J., Landrø, N. I., & Mortensen, E. L. (2012). The effects of low to moderate alcohol consumption and binge drinking in early pregnancy on executive function in 5-year-old children. BJOG, 119, 1201-1210. DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2012.03397.x.
Strandberg-Larsen, K., Nielsen, N. R., Grønbæk, M., Andersen, P. K., Olsen, J., Andersen, A. M. (2008). Binge drinking in pregnancy and risk of fetal death. Obstetrics & Gynecology, 111(3), 602-609. DOI: 10.1097/AOG.0b013e3181661431
Streissguth, A. P., Barr, H. M., & Sampson, P. D. (1990). Moderate prenatal alcohol exposure: Effects on child IQ and learning problems at age 7 1/2 years. Alcohol Clin Exp Res, 14(5), 662-669.
Uecker, A. & Nadel, L. (1996). Spatial locations gone awry: Object and spatial memory deficits in children with fetal alcohol syndrome. Neuropsychologia, 34, 209-223.
Underbjerg, M., Kesmodel, U. S., Landrø, N. I., Bakketeig, L. S., Grove, J., Wimberley, T., ... Mortensen, E. L. (2012). The effects of low to moderate alcohol consumption and binge drinking in early pregnancy on selective and sustained attention in 5-year-old children. BJOG, 119:1211-1221. DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2012.03396.x.
Wechsler, D. (1995). Manual for the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale. New York, NY: The Psychological Corporation.
Wechsler, D. (1999). Manual for the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence – Revised. Swedish Version. Stockholm: Psykologiforlaget AB.