Tuberculosis and Cancer Gallbladder in Endemic Zones: Diagnostic and Surgical Dilemma for the Physicians
Main Article Content
Abstract
Tuberculosis is an infectious disease widely prevelant in the developing world. The resurgence of tuberculosis is on rise even in the developed world as the chemotherapy and steroid use is increasing. Indo gangetic belt is endemic for both the tuberculosis and gallbladder cancer. Gallbladder cancer although rare pathology carries a high rate of morbidity and mortality.
Involvement of gallbladder in tubercular infection is rare. However, when involved there is a significant overlap of the clinical and radiological signs in both these patients. The treating physicians in these areas are always in therapeutic dilemma for the management of these patients. The other benign gallbladder pathologies mimicking the cancer further add on to the challenge in these patients. This article embarks upon the various challenges that a surgeon encounters in the management of these patients.
Keywords:
Gallbladder tuberculosis, Thick-walled GB, Xanthogranulomatous gallbladder
Article Details
How to Cite
GUPTA, Ashish; JINDAL, Ashish.
Tuberculosis and Cancer Gallbladder in Endemic Zones: Diagnostic and Surgical Dilemma for the Physicians.
Medical Research Archives, [S.l.], v. 10, n. 11, nov. 2022.
ISSN 2375-1924.
Available at: <https://esmed.org/MRA/mra/article/view/3307>. Date accessed: 26 apr. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.18103/mra.v10i11.3307.
Section
Research Articles
The Medical Research Archives grants authors the right to publish and reproduce the unrevised contribution in whole or in part at any time and in any form for any scholarly non-commercial purpose with the condition that all publications of the contribution include a full citation to the journal as published by the Medical Research Archives.
References
1. World Health Organization. Global tuberculosis report 2015. World Health Organization; 2015.
2. Gupta A. Splenic tuberculosis: a comprehensive review of literature. Polish Journal of Surgery. 2018;90:49-51.
3. Misra S, Chaturvedi A, Misra NC, Sharma ID. Carcinoma of the gallbladder. The lancet oncology. 2003 ;4(3):167-76.
4. Durgapal P, Joshi PP, Gupta A, Gupta A, Kishore S, Singh A. Granulomatous inflammation still fooling surgeons. Tropical Doctor. 2019;49(3):252-3.
5. Debi U, Ravisankar V, Prasad KK,et al.Abdominal tuberculosis of the gastrointestinal tract: revisited. World J Gastroenterol. 2014;20(40):14831-40
6. Gupta A, Gupta A, Anjum R, Agrawal S, Mallik D. A comprehensive review on Primary gallbladder tuberculosis. Polish Journal of Surgery. 2018;90:10-2.
7. Roa I, De Aretxabala X, Araya JC, Roa J. Preneoplastic lesions in gallbladder cancer. Journal of surgical oncology. 2006 ;93(8):615-23.
8. Gupta A. Gall Bladder and Biliary Tuberculosis. InTuberculosis of the Gastrointestinal system 2022 (pp. 239-246). Springer, Singapore.
9. Baiu I, Visser B. Gallbladder cancer. Jama. 2018;320(12):1294-.
10. Krishnamurthy G, Singh H, Rajendran J, Sharma V, Yadav TD, Gaspar BL, Vasishta RK, Singh R. Gallbladder tuberculosis camouflaging as gallbladder cancer–case series and review focussing on treatment. Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease. 2016;3(6):152-7.
11. Deo KB, Sharma V, Mandavdhare H, Kumar Basher R, Rohilla M, Singh H. An uncommon case of gall bladder mass: gall bladder tuberculosis. Tropical Doctor. 2019;49(2):136-8.
12. Hong SA, Sung YN, Kim HJ, Lee SS, Lee JH, Ahn CS, Hwang S, Yu E, Zen Y, Kim MH, Hong SM. Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis shows overlapping histological features with IgG4‐related cholecystitis. Histopathology. 2018 Mar;72(4):569-79.
13. Gupta A. Gallbladder GIST: A review of literature. Polish Journal of Surgery. 2020;92:34-7.
14. Hui CL, Loo ZY. Vascular disorders of the gallbladder and bile ducts: Imaging findings. Journal of Hepato‐Biliary‐Pancreatic Sciences. 2021;28(10):825-36.
15. Gupta A, Gupta A, Gupta S, Chauhan U, Joshua LM. Are incidentally detected gall bladder cancers really incidental? A report of two cases from a developing nation. Tropical Doctor. 2018;48(4):355-8.
16. Gupta P, Dutta U, Rana P, Singhal M, Gulati A, Kalra N et al. Gallbladder reporting and data system (GB-RADS) for risk stratification of gallbladder wall thickening on ultrasonography: an international expert consensus. Abdominal radiology (New York). 2022;47(2):554-565. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00261-021-03360-w
17. García P, Lamarca A, Díaz J, Carrera E, Roa JC, European-Latin American Escalon Consortium. Current and new biomarkers for early detection, prognostic stratification, and management of gallbladder cancer patients. Cancers. 2020;12(12):3670.
18. Gupta V, Vishnu KS, Yadav TD, Sakaray YR, Irrinki S, Mittal BR, Kalra N, Vaiphei K. Radio-pathological correlation of 18F-FDG PET in characterizing gallbladder wall thickening. Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer. 2019;50(4):901-6.
19. Liao CY, Chen JH, Liang JA, Yeh JJ, Kao CH. Meta-analysis study of lymph node staging by 18 F-FDG PET/CT scan in non-small cell lung cancer: comparison of TB and non-TB endemic regions. European journal of radiology. 2012;81(11):3518-23.
20. Gupta A, Pattnaik B, Das A, Kaman L. Von Meyenburg complex and complete ductal plate malformation along with Klatskin tumour: a rare association. Case Reports. 2016;2016:bcr2016215220.
21. Krishnamurthy G, Rajendran J, Sharma V, Kumar H, Singh H. Incidental peritoneal tuberculosis: surgeon’s dilemma in endemic regions. Therapeutic advances in infectious disease. 2018;5(5):97-102.
22. Srivastava K, Srivastava A, Mittal B. Potential biomarkers in gallbladder cancer: present status and future directions. Biomarkers. 2013;18(1):1-9.
23. Jayalakshmi K, Sonkar K, Behari A, Kapoor VK, Sinha N. Solid state 13C NMR analysis of human gallstones from cancer and benign gall bladder diseases. Solid state nuclear magnetic resonance. 2009 ;36(1):60-5.
24. Koopmann J, Thuluvath PJ, Zahurak ML, Kristiansen TZ, Pandey A, Schulick R, Argani P, Hidalgo M, Iacobelli S, Goggins M, Maitra A. Mac‐2‐binding protein is a diagnostic marker for biliary tract carcinoma. Cancer. 2004;101(7):1609-15.
25. Tan Y, Ma SY, Wang FQ, Meng HP, Mei C, Liu A, Wu HR. Proteomic-based analysis for identification of potential serum biomarkers in gallbladder cancer. Oncology reports. 2011;26(4):853-9.
26. Kawahara R, Odo M, Kinoshita H, Shirouzu K, Aoyagi S. Analysis of hTERT mRNA expression in biliary tract and pancreatic cancer. Journal of Hepato‐Biliary‐Pancreatic Surgery. 2007;14(2):189-93.
27. Braconi C, Huang N, Patel T. MicroRNA‐dependent regulation of DNA methyltransferase‐1 and tumor suppressor gene expression by interleukin‐6 in human malignant cholangiocytes. Hepatology. 2010;51(3):881-90.
28. Desmetz C, Mangé A, Maudelonde T, Solassol J. Autoantibody signatures: progress and perspectives for early cancer detection. Journal of cellular and molecular medicine. 2011;15(10):2013-24.
29. Yu M. Generation, function and diagnostic value of mitochondrial DNA copy number alterations in human cancers. Life sciences. 2011;89(3-4):65-71.
30. Punnoose EA, Atwal SK, Spoerke JM, Savage H, Pandita A, Yeh RF, Pirzkall A, Fine BM, Amler LC, Chen DS, Lackner MR. Molecular biomarker analyses using circulating tumor cells. PloS one. 2010;5(9):12517.
31. Sun YF, Yang XR, Zhou J, Qiu SJ, Fan J, Xu Y. Circulating tumor cells: advances in detection methods, biological issues, and clinical relevance. Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology. 2011;137(8):1151-73.
32. Gupta A, Gupta A, Gupta S, Chauhan U, Singh A. Abdominal wall nodule in a cholecystectomy scar. Polish Journal of Surgery. 2019;91:16-9.
33. Sagar M, Rawat S, Verma A, Singh A, Singh US. Gallbladder tuberculosis: A rare case report with review of literature: Gallbladder tuberculosis. Indian Journal of Case Reports. 2022 Oct 17.
2. Gupta A. Splenic tuberculosis: a comprehensive review of literature. Polish Journal of Surgery. 2018;90:49-51.
3. Misra S, Chaturvedi A, Misra NC, Sharma ID. Carcinoma of the gallbladder. The lancet oncology. 2003 ;4(3):167-76.
4. Durgapal P, Joshi PP, Gupta A, Gupta A, Kishore S, Singh A. Granulomatous inflammation still fooling surgeons. Tropical Doctor. 2019;49(3):252-3.
5. Debi U, Ravisankar V, Prasad KK,et al.Abdominal tuberculosis of the gastrointestinal tract: revisited. World J Gastroenterol. 2014;20(40):14831-40
6. Gupta A, Gupta A, Anjum R, Agrawal S, Mallik D. A comprehensive review on Primary gallbladder tuberculosis. Polish Journal of Surgery. 2018;90:10-2.
7. Roa I, De Aretxabala X, Araya JC, Roa J. Preneoplastic lesions in gallbladder cancer. Journal of surgical oncology. 2006 ;93(8):615-23.
8. Gupta A. Gall Bladder and Biliary Tuberculosis. InTuberculosis of the Gastrointestinal system 2022 (pp. 239-246). Springer, Singapore.
9. Baiu I, Visser B. Gallbladder cancer. Jama. 2018;320(12):1294-.
10. Krishnamurthy G, Singh H, Rajendran J, Sharma V, Yadav TD, Gaspar BL, Vasishta RK, Singh R. Gallbladder tuberculosis camouflaging as gallbladder cancer–case series and review focussing on treatment. Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease. 2016;3(6):152-7.
11. Deo KB, Sharma V, Mandavdhare H, Kumar Basher R, Rohilla M, Singh H. An uncommon case of gall bladder mass: gall bladder tuberculosis. Tropical Doctor. 2019;49(2):136-8.
12. Hong SA, Sung YN, Kim HJ, Lee SS, Lee JH, Ahn CS, Hwang S, Yu E, Zen Y, Kim MH, Hong SM. Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis shows overlapping histological features with IgG4‐related cholecystitis. Histopathology. 2018 Mar;72(4):569-79.
13. Gupta A. Gallbladder GIST: A review of literature. Polish Journal of Surgery. 2020;92:34-7.
14. Hui CL, Loo ZY. Vascular disorders of the gallbladder and bile ducts: Imaging findings. Journal of Hepato‐Biliary‐Pancreatic Sciences. 2021;28(10):825-36.
15. Gupta A, Gupta A, Gupta S, Chauhan U, Joshua LM. Are incidentally detected gall bladder cancers really incidental? A report of two cases from a developing nation. Tropical Doctor. 2018;48(4):355-8.
16. Gupta P, Dutta U, Rana P, Singhal M, Gulati A, Kalra N et al. Gallbladder reporting and data system (GB-RADS) for risk stratification of gallbladder wall thickening on ultrasonography: an international expert consensus. Abdominal radiology (New York). 2022;47(2):554-565. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00261-021-03360-w
17. García P, Lamarca A, Díaz J, Carrera E, Roa JC, European-Latin American Escalon Consortium. Current and new biomarkers for early detection, prognostic stratification, and management of gallbladder cancer patients. Cancers. 2020;12(12):3670.
18. Gupta V, Vishnu KS, Yadav TD, Sakaray YR, Irrinki S, Mittal BR, Kalra N, Vaiphei K. Radio-pathological correlation of 18F-FDG PET in characterizing gallbladder wall thickening. Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer. 2019;50(4):901-6.
19. Liao CY, Chen JH, Liang JA, Yeh JJ, Kao CH. Meta-analysis study of lymph node staging by 18 F-FDG PET/CT scan in non-small cell lung cancer: comparison of TB and non-TB endemic regions. European journal of radiology. 2012;81(11):3518-23.
20. Gupta A, Pattnaik B, Das A, Kaman L. Von Meyenburg complex and complete ductal plate malformation along with Klatskin tumour: a rare association. Case Reports. 2016;2016:bcr2016215220.
21. Krishnamurthy G, Rajendran J, Sharma V, Kumar H, Singh H. Incidental peritoneal tuberculosis: surgeon’s dilemma in endemic regions. Therapeutic advances in infectious disease. 2018;5(5):97-102.
22. Srivastava K, Srivastava A, Mittal B. Potential biomarkers in gallbladder cancer: present status and future directions. Biomarkers. 2013;18(1):1-9.
23. Jayalakshmi K, Sonkar K, Behari A, Kapoor VK, Sinha N. Solid state 13C NMR analysis of human gallstones from cancer and benign gall bladder diseases. Solid state nuclear magnetic resonance. 2009 ;36(1):60-5.
24. Koopmann J, Thuluvath PJ, Zahurak ML, Kristiansen TZ, Pandey A, Schulick R, Argani P, Hidalgo M, Iacobelli S, Goggins M, Maitra A. Mac‐2‐binding protein is a diagnostic marker for biliary tract carcinoma. Cancer. 2004;101(7):1609-15.
25. Tan Y, Ma SY, Wang FQ, Meng HP, Mei C, Liu A, Wu HR. Proteomic-based analysis for identification of potential serum biomarkers in gallbladder cancer. Oncology reports. 2011;26(4):853-9.
26. Kawahara R, Odo M, Kinoshita H, Shirouzu K, Aoyagi S. Analysis of hTERT mRNA expression in biliary tract and pancreatic cancer. Journal of Hepato‐Biliary‐Pancreatic Surgery. 2007;14(2):189-93.
27. Braconi C, Huang N, Patel T. MicroRNA‐dependent regulation of DNA methyltransferase‐1 and tumor suppressor gene expression by interleukin‐6 in human malignant cholangiocytes. Hepatology. 2010;51(3):881-90.
28. Desmetz C, Mangé A, Maudelonde T, Solassol J. Autoantibody signatures: progress and perspectives for early cancer detection. Journal of cellular and molecular medicine. 2011;15(10):2013-24.
29. Yu M. Generation, function and diagnostic value of mitochondrial DNA copy number alterations in human cancers. Life sciences. 2011;89(3-4):65-71.
30. Punnoose EA, Atwal SK, Spoerke JM, Savage H, Pandita A, Yeh RF, Pirzkall A, Fine BM, Amler LC, Chen DS, Lackner MR. Molecular biomarker analyses using circulating tumor cells. PloS one. 2010;5(9):12517.
31. Sun YF, Yang XR, Zhou J, Qiu SJ, Fan J, Xu Y. Circulating tumor cells: advances in detection methods, biological issues, and clinical relevance. Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology. 2011;137(8):1151-73.
32. Gupta A, Gupta A, Gupta S, Chauhan U, Singh A. Abdominal wall nodule in a cholecystectomy scar. Polish Journal of Surgery. 2019;91:16-9.
33. Sagar M, Rawat S, Verma A, Singh A, Singh US. Gallbladder tuberculosis: A rare case report with review of literature: Gallbladder tuberculosis. Indian Journal of Case Reports. 2022 Oct 17.