Antioxidant Effect of Lycopene on Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cell Line

Main Article Content

Mosaad A. Alabdulmunem, Ph.D., FAAO, FIACLE

Abstract

Purpose: Diabetic retinopathy is a common cause of blindness among diabetics. Studies around the globe establish oxidative stress as one of the major players of diabetes and diabetic retinopathy. Epidemiological reports suggest that consumption of large quantity of fruits and vegetables of high carotenoid content decreases risk of diabetes-based complications including retinopathy. Lycopene is a potent antioxidant and a carotenoid family member having known health benefits. Thus, the present investigation was designed to evaluate the antioxidant property.


Methods: The antioxidant potential of lycopene was determined using D407 retinal pigment epithelial cell lines through lycopene incorporation studies and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide cell cytotoxicity assay.


Results: Lycopene showed good antioxidant effect in-vitro on retinal pigment epithelial cell line and it was devoid of any cellular toxicity in 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay.


Conclusion: The results suggest that lycopene can be a potential candidate to halt the progression of diabetic retinopathy due to its effective defense against oxidative stress and non-toxic nature on the retinal pigment epithelial cells.

Keywords: Diabetic retinopathy, oxidative stress, lycopene, carotenoids

Article Details

How to Cite
ALABDULMUNEM, Mosaad A.. Antioxidant Effect of Lycopene on Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cell Line. Medical Research Archives, [S.l.], v. 10, n. 12, dec. 2022. ISSN 2375-1924. Available at: <https://esmed.org/MRA/mra/article/view/3441>. Date accessed: 23 nov. 2024. doi: https://doi.org/10.18103/mra.v10i12.3441.
Section
Research Articles

References

1. Al Dawish MA, Robert AA, Braham R, et al. Diabetes Mellitus in Saudi Arabia: A Review of the Recent Literature. Curr Diabetes Rev. 2016;12(4):359-368.
2. Choby B. Diabetes Update: Prevention and Management of Diabetes Complications. FP Essent. 2017 May;456:36-40.
3. Valencia WM, Florez H. How to prevent the microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes beyond glucose control. BMJ. 2017 Jan 17;356:i6505.
4. Silpa-archa S, Ruamviboonsuk P. Diabetic Retinopathy: Current Treatment and Thailand Perspective. J Med Assoc Thai. 2017 Feb;100 Suppl 1:S136-47.
5. Das A. Diabetic retinopathy: Battling the global epidemic. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2016 Jan;64(1):2-3.
6. Liew G, Wong VW, Ho IV. Mini Review: Changes in the incidence of and progression to proliferative and sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy over the last 30 years. Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2017 Apr;24(2):73-80.
7. Hurst J, Kuehn S, Jashari A, et al. A novel porcine ex vivo retina culture model for oxidative stress induced by H₂O₂. Altern Lab Anim. 2017 Mar;45(1):11-25.
8. Orhan C, Akdemir F, Tuzcu M, et al. Mesozeaxanthin Protects Retina from Oxidative Stress in a Rat Model. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther. 2016 Nov;32(9):631-637.
9. Echeverri-Ruiz N, Haynes T, Landers J, et al. A biochemical basis for induction of retina regeneration by antioxidants. Dev Biol. 2018 Jan 15;433(2):394-403.
10. González de Vega R, García M, et al. Protective effect of selenium supplementation following oxidative stress mediated by glucose on retinal pigment epithelium. Metallomics. 2018 Jan 24;10(1):83-92.
11. Xavier AA, Pérez-Gálvez A. Carotenoids as a Source of Antioxidants in the Diet. Subcell Biochem. 2016;79:359-75.
12. Yabuzaki J. Carotenoids Database: structures, chemical fingerprints and distribution among organisms. Database (Oxford). 2017 Jan 1;2017(1).
13. Liu H, Liu W, Zhou X, et al. Protective effect of lutein on ARPE-19 cells upon H2O2-induced G2/M arrest. Mol Med Rep. 2017 Aug;16(2):2069-2074.
14. Widomska J, Subczynski WK. Mechanisms enhancing the protective functions of macular xanthophylls in the retina during oxidative stress. Exp Eye Res. 2019 Jan;178:238-246.
15. Rossi M, Puccini R, Romagnoli MC, et al Acute and subacute effect of rheopheresis on microvascular endothelial function in patients suffering from age-related macular degeneration. Ther Apher Dial. 2009 Dec;13(6):540-8.
16. Roohbakhsh A, Karimi G, Iranshahi M. Carotenoids in the treatment of diabetes mellitus and its complications: A mechanistic review. Biomed Pharmacother. 2017 Jul;91:31-42.
17. Icel E, Icel A, Uçak T, et al. The effects of lycopene on alloxan induced diabetic optic neuropathy. Cutan Ocul Toxicol. 2019 Mar;38(1):88-92.
18. Phillips, H.J. Dye exclusion tests for cell viability. In: TissueCulture, Method and Applications (P.F. Kruse and M.K. Patterson, eds.), pp. 406–408, Academic Press, New York, USA. 1973.
19. Edmonson JM, Armstrong LS, Martinez AO. A rapid and simple MTT-based assay for determining drug sensitivity in monolayer cultures. J Tissue Cult Methods 11;1988: 15–17.
20. Borawska MH, Czechowska SK, Markiewicz R, et al. Cell viability of normal human skin fibroblast and fibroblasts derived from granulation tissue: effects of nutraceuticals. J Med Food. 2009 Apr;12(2):429-34.
21. Burgess LC, Rice E, Fischer T, et al. Lycopene has limited effect on cell proliferation in only two of seven human cell lines (both cancerous and noncancerous) in an in vitro system with doses across the physiological range. Toxicol In Vitro. 2008 Aug;22(5):1297-300.
22. Farinetti A, Zurlo V, Manenti A, et al. Mediterranean diet and colorectal cancer: A systematic review. Nutrition. 2017 Nov - Dec;43-44:83-88.
23. Cheng HM, Koutsidis G, Lodge JK, et al. Tomato and lycopene supplementation and cardiovascular risk factors: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Atherosclerosis. 2017 Feb;257:100-108.
24. Khachik F, de Moura FF, Zhao DY, et al. Transformations of selected carotenoids in plasma, liver, and ocular tissues of humans and in nonprimate animal models. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2002 Nov;43(11):3383-92.
25. Mustra Rakic J, Liu C, Veeramachaneni S, et al. Lycopene Inhibits Smoke-Induced Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Lung Carcinogenesis by Modulating Reverse Cholesterol Transport in Ferrets. Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2019 Jul;12(7):421-432.
26. Thies F, Mills LM, Moir S, et al. Cardiovascular benefits of lycopene: fantasy or reality? Proc Nutr Soc. 2017 May;76(2):122-129.
27. Hammes HP. Diabetic retinopathy: hyperglycaemia, oxidative stress and beyond. Diabetologia. 2018 Jan;61(1):29-38.