Abstract
Given the prevalence and lethality of tuberculosis (TB) in developing countries, there is an ongoing need for a rapid, simple, and low-cost detection method that is nonetheless sensitive and highly specific. The present study evaluated the basic performance of a novel TB detection method combining procedure for ultra-rapid extraction (PURE) and loop-mediated isothermal amplification for TB (TB-LAMP). The PUER-TB-LAMP assay detected five Mycobacterium tuberculosis complexes and did not show any cross-reactivity with 18 species of non-TB mycobacteria (NTM) or with 10 species of other bacteria that cause respiratory tract infections such as Streptococcus pneumonia, underscoring its high specificity for TB detection. The analytical sensitivity of the assay was 100 CFU/ml for M. tuberculosis strain H37Rv cell and was unaffected by the presence of excess amounts of M. avium cells (a typical NTM species) or human genomic DNA. Moreover, when used with a range of artificial specimens prepared by spiking known amounts of cultured M. tuberculosis cells, the PURE method efficiently removed various inhibitory materials from a variety of samples such as sputum, urine, simulated gastric fluid, and whole blood, demonstrating the applicability of this assay to these samples. These results suggest that the PURE-TB-LAMP assay is a highly effective and accessible TB detection method that can be useful in resource-limited communities.