Working Towards Universal Implementation of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination to Prevent Cervical Cancer

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination should be included in national immunization programs, as part of a comprehensive approach to cervical cancer prevention and control. The practical aspects of vaccine uptake are now the most important issue in HPV vaccine research from a public-health perspective.  Increasing uptake, specifically in regions where disease burden is highest, will require thoughtful consideration of cost-effectiveness, innovative financing mechanisms, novel approaches to vaccine vehicle delivery and public acceptance.  We review ongoing critical barriers and challenges to implementation of HPV vaccination.