Digital Health Care in Chronic Respiratory Diseases during and beyond the COVID-19 pandemic. A Critical Review
Main Article Content
Vasiliki S. Raidou
Stilliani Andreadou
Anna Christakou
Eleni A. Kortianou
http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2214-5545
http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2214-5545
Abstract
The coronovarious disease 2019 pandemic increased the need for alternative disease monitoring, medication management, and rehabilitation approaches. During this period, significant adjustments were made to integrate telemedicine into various aspects of healthcare.
This critical review describes the use and effectiveness of digital health approaches adopted for the care of people with chronic respiratory diseases during and beyond the COVID-19 pandemic. A thorough search was conducted in the PubMed database from January 2020 up to December 2022. A total of thirty studies were retrieved and reviewed for the utilization of telehealth services for education, monitoring, assessment, self-management, and rehabilitation in comparison to standard care or not.
During the lockdown patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, cystic fibrosis, interstitial lung diseases, lung cancer, and neuromuscular disorders indicated positive perception towards remote healthcare delivery. They expressed high levels of satisfaction and achieved self-management in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma. Remote visits decreased exacerbations of asthma and reinforced smoke cessation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Teleassessment and monitoring increased the percentage of cystic fibrosis and Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy patients seen via telemedicine. Web platforms and mobile applications supported telehealth interventions to reduce stress, depression, and anxiety in patients with cystic fibrosis, assessed the quality of life and physical activity of patients with sarcoidosis, and pursued health education in adolescents with asthma. A few studies carried out telerehabilitation programs in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis, Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, and sarcoidosis. Findings advocate the feasibility of online exercises, the improvement of exercise capacity, muscle strength, respiratory muscle strength, and the reduction of dyspnea and fatigue.
Keywords:
asthma, COPD, cystic fibrosis, digital health, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, interstitial lung disease, lung cancer, neuromuscular diseases, sarcoidosis, telehealth, telerehabilitation
Article Details
How to Cite
RAIDOU, Vasiliki S. et al.
Digital Health Care in Chronic Respiratory Diseases during and beyond the COVID-19 pandemic. A Critical Review.
Medical Research Archives, [S.l.], v. 11, n. 6, june 2023.
ISSN 2375-1924.
Available at: <https://esmed.org/MRA/mra/article/view/3887>. Date accessed: 15 may 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.18103/mra.v11i6.3887.
Section
Review Articles
The Medical Research Archives grants authors the right to publish and reproduce the unrevised contribution in whole or in part at any time and in any form for any scholarly non-commercial purpose with the condition that all publications of the contribution include a full citation to the journal as published by the Medical Research Archives.
References
1. Garfan S, Alamoodi AH, Zaidan BB, et al. Telehealth utilization during the Covid-19 pandemic: A systematic review. Comput Biol Med. 2021;138(September):104878. doi:10.1016/j.compbiomed.2021.104878
2. Ding H, Fatehi F, Maiorana A, Bashi N, Hu W, Edwards I. Digital health for COPD care: The current state of play. J Thorac Dis. 2019; 11(3):S2210-S2220. doi:10.21037/jtd.2019.10.17
3. Cox NS, Dal Corso S, Hansen H, et al. Telerehabilitation for chronic respiratory disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021; 2021(1). doi:10.1002/14651858.CD013040.pub2
4. Grosbois JM, Gephine S, Le Rouzic O, Chenivesse C. Feasibility, safety and effectiveness of remote pulmonary rehabilitation during COVID-19 pandemic. Respir Med Res. 2021;80:6-8. doi:10.1016/j.resmer.2021.100846
5. Taito S, Yamauchi K, Kataoka Y. Telerehabilitation in subjects with respiratory disease: A scoping review. Respir Care. 2021; 66(4):686-698. doi:10.4187/respcare.08365
6. Health Foundation NT. The Remote Care Revolution During Covid-19. Accessed March 5, 2023. https://www.nuffieldtrust.org.uk/files/2020-12/QWAS/digital-and-remote-care-in-covid-19.html#1
7. Boyce DM, Thomashow BM, Sullivan J, Tal-Singer R. New Adopters of Telemedicine during the Coronavirus-19 Pandemic in Respondents to an Online Community Survey: The Case for Access to Remote Management Tools for Individuals with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Chronic Obstr Pulm Dis. 2021;8(1):213-218. doi:10.15326/JCOPDF.2020.0181
8. Janjua S, Carter D, Threapleton CJD, Prigmore S, Disler RT. Telehealth interventions: remote monitoring and consultations for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021;2021(7). doi:10.1002/14651858.CD013196.pub2
9. Michaelchuk W, Oliveira A, Marzolini S, et al. Design and delivery of home-based telehealth pulmonary rehabilitation programs in COPD: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Med Inform. 2022;162:104754. doi:10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2022.104754
10. Arnaert A, Ahmad H, Mohamed S, et al. Experiences of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease receiving integrated telehealth nursing services during COVID-19 lockdown. BMC Nurs. 2022;21(1):1-13. doi:10.1186/s12912-022-00967-2
11. Wu F, Burt J, Chowdhury T, et al. Specialty COPD care during COVID-19: Patient and clinician perspectives on remote delivery. BMJ Open Respir Res. 2021;8(1):1-8. doi:10.1136/bmjresp-2020-000817
12. Lewis A, Knight E, Bland M, et al. Feasibility of an online platform delivery of pulmonary rehabilitation for individuals with chronic respiratory disease. BMJ Open Respir Res. 2021;8(1):1-8. doi:10.1136/bmjresp-2021-000880
13. Miozzo AP, Camponogara Righi N, Yumi Shizukuishi ML, et al. A Telerehabilitation Program for Maintaining Functional Capacity in Patients With Chronic Lung Diseases During a Period of COVID-19 Social Isolation: Quasi-Experimental Retrospective Study. JMIR Rehabil Assist Technol. 2022;9(4):1-10. doi:10.2196/40094
14. Irina BP, Steluta MM, Emanuela T, et al. Respiratory muscle training program supplemented by a cell-phone application in COPD patients with severe airflow limitation. Respir Med. 2021;190:106679. doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2021.106679
15. Lin CH, Cerrone DA. Shifts in Asthma Evaluation and Management During COVID-19. Curr Treat Options Allergy. 2022;9(2):42-51. doi:10.1007/s40521-022-00304-7
16. Fletcher M, van der Molen T, Lenney W, Boucot I, Aggarwal B, Pizzichini E. Primary Care Management of Asthma Exacerbations or Attacks: Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic. Adv Ther. 2022;39(4):1457-1473. doi:10.1007/s12325-022-02056-x
17. Benfante A, Principe S, Cicero MN, Incandela M, Seminara G, Durante C, Scichilone N. Management of severe asthma during the first lockdown phase of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: Tips for facing the second wave. Pulm Pharmacol Ther. 2022;73-74:102083. doi: 10.1016/j.pupt.2021.102083
18. Cvietusa PJ, Goodrich GK, Steiner JF, Shoup JA, King DK, Ritzwoller DP, Shetterly SM, Bender BG. Transition to virtual asthma care during the covid-19 pandemic: an observational study. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2022;10(6):1569-1576. doi: 10.1016/j.jaip. 2022.02.027
19. Khan MA, Rajkumar R, Hammadi M, Al-Gamedi M, Al-Harbi A, Al-Jahdali H. Severe asthma patients experience and satisfaction with virtual clinics during COVID-19 period. Avicenna J Med. 2021;11(3):126-131. doi: 10.1055/s-0041-1732283
20. Dauletbaev N, Oftring ZS, Akik W, Michaelis-Braun L, Korel J, Lands LC, Waldmann S, Müller BS, Dreher M, Rohde G, Vogelmeier CF, Kuhn S. A scoping review of mHealth monitoring of pediatric bronchial asthma before and during COVID-19 pandemic. Paediatr Respir Rev. 2022;43:67-77. doi: 10.1016/j.prrv.2022.01.002
21. Ferrante G, Licari A, Marseglia GL, La Grutta S. Digital health interventions in children with asthma. Clin Exp Allergy. 2021;51(2):212-220. doi:10.1111/cea.13793
22. Al Raimi AM, Chong MC, Tang LY, Chua YP, Al Ajeel LY. Effect of Health Education via Mobile Application in Promoting Quality of Life Among Asthmatic Schoolchildren in Urban Malaysia During the COVID-19 Era: A Quasi-experimental Study. CIN - Comput Informatics Nurs. 2022;40(9):648-657. doi:10.1097/CIN.0000000000000927
23. Radhakrishnan D, Higginson A, Thipse M, Tessier M, Radhakrishnan A. Optimizing pediatric asthma education using virtual platforms during the COVID-19 pandemic. Allergy, Asthma Clin Immunol. 2022;18(1):1-7. doi:10.1186/s13223-022-00713-y
24. Beşer ÖF, Karaboǧa EPU, Hepkaya E, et al. The Role of Telehealth Services in Children with Cystic Fibrosis During Coronavirus Disease 2019 Outbreak. Telemed e-Health. 2022;28(6):832-837. doi:10.1089/tmj.2021.0228
25. Hatziagorou E, Toulia I, Avramidou V, Kampouras A, Tsara V, Tsanakas J. Change in CF care during COVID-19 pandemic: Single-center experience in a middle-income setting. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2021;56(9):3065-3067.
doi:10.1002/ppul.25560
26. Compton M, List R, Starheim E, et al. Home spirometry utilisation in telemedicine clinic for cystic fibrosis care during COVID-19 pandemic: a quality improvement process. BMJ Open Qual. 2021;10(3):1-6. doi:10.1136/bmjoq-2021-001529
27. Costa RLF, Costa RF, Gonçalves CP, Cohen RWF, Santana NN. Telemedicine of patients with cystic fibrosis during the COVID-19 pandemic. Rev Paul Pediatr. 2022;40. doi:10.1590/1984-0462/2022/40/2021118IN
28. Compton M, Soper M, Reilly B, et al. A Feasibility Study of Urgent Implementation of Cystic Fibrosis Multidisciplinary Telemedicine Clinic in the Face of COVID-19 Pandemic: Single-Center Experience. Telemed e-Health. 2020;26(8):978-984. doi:10.1089/tmj.2020.0091
29. Womack C, Farsin R, Farsad M, Chaudary N. Emerging alternatives to conventional clinic visits in the era of COVID-19: Adoption of telehealth at VCU adult cystic fibrosis center. Int J Gen Med. 2020;13:1175-1186. doi:10.2147/IJGM.S274193
30. Gifford AH, Ong T, Dowd C, et al. Evaluating barriers to and promoters of telehealth during the COVID-19 pandemic at U.S. cystic fibrosis programs. J Cyst Fibros. 2021;20(January):9-13. doi:10.1016/j.jcf.2021.08.034
31. Jaclyn D, Andrew N, Ryan P, et al. Patient and family perceptions of telehealth as part of the cystic fibrosis care model during COVID-19. J Cyst Fibros. 2021;20(3):e23-e28. doi:10.1016/j.jcf.2021.03.009
32. Rodkjær L, Jeppesen M, Schougaard L. Management of Cystic Fibrosis during COVID-19: Patient Reported Outcomes based remote follow-up among CF patients in Denmark – A feasibility study. J Cyst Fibros. 2022;21(2):e106-e112. doi:10.1016/j.jcf.2021.10.010
33. Ong T, Van Citters AD, Dowd C, et al. Remote monitoring in telehealth care delivery across the U.S. cystic fibrosis care network. J Cyst Fibros. 2021;20:57-63. doi:10.1016/j.jcf.2021.08.035
34. Holmes CJ, Racette SB, Symonds L, Arbeláez AM, Cao C, Granados A. Feasibility and Efficacy of Telehealth-Based Resistance Exercise Training in Adolescents with Cystic Fibrosis and Glucose Intolerance. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(6). doi:10.3390/ijerph19063297
35. Kenis-Coskun Ö, Aksoy AN, Kumaş EN, et al. The effect of telerehabilitation on quality of life, anxiety, and depression in children with cystic fibrosis and caregivers: A single-blind randomized trial. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2022; 57(5):1262-1271. doi:10.1002/ppul.25860
36. Graziano S, Boldrini F, Righelli D, et al. Psychological interventions during COVID pandemic: Telehealth for individuals with cystic fibrosis and caregivers. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2021;56(7):1976-1984. doi:10.1002/ppul.25413
37. Edwards C, Costello E, Cassidy N, Vick B, Russell AM. Use of the patientMpower app with home-based spirometry to monitor the symptoms and impact of fibrotic lung conditions: Longitudinal observational study. JMIR mHealth uHealth. 2020;8(11):1-9. doi:10.2196/16158
38. Moor CC, Mostard RLM, Grutters JC, et al. Home monitoring in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: A randomized controlled trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2020;202(3):393-401. doi:10.1164/rccm.202002-0328OC
39. O’Shea O, Murphy G, Forde L, O’Reilly KMA. A qualitative exploration of people living with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis experience of a virtual pulmonary rehabilitation programme. BMC Pulm Med. 2022;22(1):1 10. doi:10.1186/s12890-022-02221-6
40. Cerdan de Las Heras J, Balbino F, Catalán-Matamoros D, Løkke A, Hilberg O, Bendstrup E. Effect of a Telerehabilitation program in sarcoidosis. Sarcoidosis, Vasc Diffus lung Dis Off J WASOG. 2022;39(1): e2022003. doi:10.36141/svdld.v39i1.12526
41. Pardolesi A, Gherzi L, Pastorino U. Telemedicine for management of patients with lung cancer during COVID-19 in an Italian cancer institute: SmartDoc Project. Tumori. 2022;108(4):357-363. doi:10.1177/03008916211012760
42. de Leeuwerk ME, Botjes M, van Vliet V, et al. Self-monitoring of Physical Activity after Hospital Discharge in Patients Who Have Undergone Gastrointestinal or Lung Cancer Surgery: Mixed Methods Feasibility Study. JMIR Cancer. 2022;8(2):1-15. doi:10.2196/35694
43. Prasongsook N, Seetalarom K, Saichaemchan S, Udomdamrongkul K. A Pilot Study of Using Smartphone Application vs. Routine Follow-Up for Patient Care in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer During the COVID-19 Pandemic Era. Front Med Technol. 2022;4(June):1-11. doi:10.3389/fmedt.2022.900172
44. Wasilewska E, Sobierajska-Rek A, Małgorzewicz S, Soliński M, Jassem E. Benefits of Telemonitoring of Pulmonary Function—3-Month Follow-Up of Home Electronic Spirometry in Patients with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. J Clin Med. 2022;11(3). doi:10.3390/jcm11030856
45. Kenis-Coskun O, Imamoglu S, Karamancioglu B, Kurt K, Ozturk G, Karadag-Saygi E. Comparison of telerehabilitation versus home-based video exercise in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy: a single-blind randomized study. Acta Neurol Belg. 2022;122(5):1269-1280. doi:10.1007/s13760-022-01975-4
46. Poberezhets V, Pinnock H, Vogiatzis I, Mishlanov V. Implementation of digital health interventions in respiratory medicine: A call to action by the european respiratory society m-health/e-health group. ERJ Open Res. 2020; 6(1):0-1. doi:10.1183/23120541.00281-2019
47. Hooshmand S, Cho J, Singh S, Govindarajan R. Satisfaction of Telehealth in Patients With Established Neuromuscular Disorders. Front Neurol. 2021;12(May):1-5. doi:10.3389/fneur.2021.667813
48. Tattersall R, Carty S, Meldrum D, Hardiman O, Murray D. The patient ’ s perspective of remote respiratory assessments during the COVID-19 pandemic Title : The Patient ’ s Perspective of Remote Respiratory Assessments During the Authors : 4 : Department of Neurology , Beaumont Hospital Caption List : Table 1 : . Published online 2022.
49. Sobierajska-Rek A, Mański Ł, Jabłońska-Brudło J, Śledzińska K, Ucińska A, Wierzba J. Establishing a telerehabilitation program for patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy in the COVID-19 pandemic. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2021;133(7-8):344-350. doi:10.1007/s00508-020-01786-8
50. Harjpal P, Kovela RK, Raipure A, Dandale C, Qureshi MI. The Refinement of Home Exercise Program for Children and Adolescents With Muscular Dystrophy in the Present COVID-19 Pandemic Scenario: A Scoping Review. Cureus. 2022;14(9). doi:10.7759/cureus.29344
51. Wasilewska E, Sobierajska-Rek A, Małgorzewicz S, Soliński M, Szalewska D, Jassem E. Is it possible to have home e-monitoring of pulmonary function in our patients with duchenne muscular dystrophy in the covid-19 pandemic?—a one center pilot study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(17). doi:10.3390/ijerph18178967
52. Sobierajska-Rek A, Mański Ł, Jabłońska-Brudło J, Śledzińska K, Wasilewska E, Szalewska D. Respiratory telerehabilitation of boys and young men with duchenne muscular dystrophy in the covid-19 pandemic. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(12). doi:10.3390/ijerph18126179
2. Ding H, Fatehi F, Maiorana A, Bashi N, Hu W, Edwards I. Digital health for COPD care: The current state of play. J Thorac Dis. 2019; 11(3):S2210-S2220. doi:10.21037/jtd.2019.10.17
3. Cox NS, Dal Corso S, Hansen H, et al. Telerehabilitation for chronic respiratory disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021; 2021(1). doi:10.1002/14651858.CD013040.pub2
4. Grosbois JM, Gephine S, Le Rouzic O, Chenivesse C. Feasibility, safety and effectiveness of remote pulmonary rehabilitation during COVID-19 pandemic. Respir Med Res. 2021;80:6-8. doi:10.1016/j.resmer.2021.100846
5. Taito S, Yamauchi K, Kataoka Y. Telerehabilitation in subjects with respiratory disease: A scoping review. Respir Care. 2021; 66(4):686-698. doi:10.4187/respcare.08365
6. Health Foundation NT. The Remote Care Revolution During Covid-19. Accessed March 5, 2023. https://www.nuffieldtrust.org.uk/files/2020-12/QWAS/digital-and-remote-care-in-covid-19.html#1
7. Boyce DM, Thomashow BM, Sullivan J, Tal-Singer R. New Adopters of Telemedicine during the Coronavirus-19 Pandemic in Respondents to an Online Community Survey: The Case for Access to Remote Management Tools for Individuals with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Chronic Obstr Pulm Dis. 2021;8(1):213-218. doi:10.15326/JCOPDF.2020.0181
8. Janjua S, Carter D, Threapleton CJD, Prigmore S, Disler RT. Telehealth interventions: remote monitoring and consultations for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021;2021(7). doi:10.1002/14651858.CD013196.pub2
9. Michaelchuk W, Oliveira A, Marzolini S, et al. Design and delivery of home-based telehealth pulmonary rehabilitation programs in COPD: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Med Inform. 2022;162:104754. doi:10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2022.104754
10. Arnaert A, Ahmad H, Mohamed S, et al. Experiences of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease receiving integrated telehealth nursing services during COVID-19 lockdown. BMC Nurs. 2022;21(1):1-13. doi:10.1186/s12912-022-00967-2
11. Wu F, Burt J, Chowdhury T, et al. Specialty COPD care during COVID-19: Patient and clinician perspectives on remote delivery. BMJ Open Respir Res. 2021;8(1):1-8. doi:10.1136/bmjresp-2020-000817
12. Lewis A, Knight E, Bland M, et al. Feasibility of an online platform delivery of pulmonary rehabilitation for individuals with chronic respiratory disease. BMJ Open Respir Res. 2021;8(1):1-8. doi:10.1136/bmjresp-2021-000880
13. Miozzo AP, Camponogara Righi N, Yumi Shizukuishi ML, et al. A Telerehabilitation Program for Maintaining Functional Capacity in Patients With Chronic Lung Diseases During a Period of COVID-19 Social Isolation: Quasi-Experimental Retrospective Study. JMIR Rehabil Assist Technol. 2022;9(4):1-10. doi:10.2196/40094
14. Irina BP, Steluta MM, Emanuela T, et al. Respiratory muscle training program supplemented by a cell-phone application in COPD patients with severe airflow limitation. Respir Med. 2021;190:106679. doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2021.106679
15. Lin CH, Cerrone DA. Shifts in Asthma Evaluation and Management During COVID-19. Curr Treat Options Allergy. 2022;9(2):42-51. doi:10.1007/s40521-022-00304-7
16. Fletcher M, van der Molen T, Lenney W, Boucot I, Aggarwal B, Pizzichini E. Primary Care Management of Asthma Exacerbations or Attacks: Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic. Adv Ther. 2022;39(4):1457-1473. doi:10.1007/s12325-022-02056-x
17. Benfante A, Principe S, Cicero MN, Incandela M, Seminara G, Durante C, Scichilone N. Management of severe asthma during the first lockdown phase of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: Tips for facing the second wave. Pulm Pharmacol Ther. 2022;73-74:102083. doi: 10.1016/j.pupt.2021.102083
18. Cvietusa PJ, Goodrich GK, Steiner JF, Shoup JA, King DK, Ritzwoller DP, Shetterly SM, Bender BG. Transition to virtual asthma care during the covid-19 pandemic: an observational study. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2022;10(6):1569-1576. doi: 10.1016/j.jaip. 2022.02.027
19. Khan MA, Rajkumar R, Hammadi M, Al-Gamedi M, Al-Harbi A, Al-Jahdali H. Severe asthma patients experience and satisfaction with virtual clinics during COVID-19 period. Avicenna J Med. 2021;11(3):126-131. doi: 10.1055/s-0041-1732283
20. Dauletbaev N, Oftring ZS, Akik W, Michaelis-Braun L, Korel J, Lands LC, Waldmann S, Müller BS, Dreher M, Rohde G, Vogelmeier CF, Kuhn S. A scoping review of mHealth monitoring of pediatric bronchial asthma before and during COVID-19 pandemic. Paediatr Respir Rev. 2022;43:67-77. doi: 10.1016/j.prrv.2022.01.002
21. Ferrante G, Licari A, Marseglia GL, La Grutta S. Digital health interventions in children with asthma. Clin Exp Allergy. 2021;51(2):212-220. doi:10.1111/cea.13793
22. Al Raimi AM, Chong MC, Tang LY, Chua YP, Al Ajeel LY. Effect of Health Education via Mobile Application in Promoting Quality of Life Among Asthmatic Schoolchildren in Urban Malaysia During the COVID-19 Era: A Quasi-experimental Study. CIN - Comput Informatics Nurs. 2022;40(9):648-657. doi:10.1097/CIN.0000000000000927
23. Radhakrishnan D, Higginson A, Thipse M, Tessier M, Radhakrishnan A. Optimizing pediatric asthma education using virtual platforms during the COVID-19 pandemic. Allergy, Asthma Clin Immunol. 2022;18(1):1-7. doi:10.1186/s13223-022-00713-y
24. Beşer ÖF, Karaboǧa EPU, Hepkaya E, et al. The Role of Telehealth Services in Children with Cystic Fibrosis During Coronavirus Disease 2019 Outbreak. Telemed e-Health. 2022;28(6):832-837. doi:10.1089/tmj.2021.0228
25. Hatziagorou E, Toulia I, Avramidou V, Kampouras A, Tsara V, Tsanakas J. Change in CF care during COVID-19 pandemic: Single-center experience in a middle-income setting. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2021;56(9):3065-3067.
doi:10.1002/ppul.25560
26. Compton M, List R, Starheim E, et al. Home spirometry utilisation in telemedicine clinic for cystic fibrosis care during COVID-19 pandemic: a quality improvement process. BMJ Open Qual. 2021;10(3):1-6. doi:10.1136/bmjoq-2021-001529
27. Costa RLF, Costa RF, Gonçalves CP, Cohen RWF, Santana NN. Telemedicine of patients with cystic fibrosis during the COVID-19 pandemic. Rev Paul Pediatr. 2022;40. doi:10.1590/1984-0462/2022/40/2021118IN
28. Compton M, Soper M, Reilly B, et al. A Feasibility Study of Urgent Implementation of Cystic Fibrosis Multidisciplinary Telemedicine Clinic in the Face of COVID-19 Pandemic: Single-Center Experience. Telemed e-Health. 2020;26(8):978-984. doi:10.1089/tmj.2020.0091
29. Womack C, Farsin R, Farsad M, Chaudary N. Emerging alternatives to conventional clinic visits in the era of COVID-19: Adoption of telehealth at VCU adult cystic fibrosis center. Int J Gen Med. 2020;13:1175-1186. doi:10.2147/IJGM.S274193
30. Gifford AH, Ong T, Dowd C, et al. Evaluating barriers to and promoters of telehealth during the COVID-19 pandemic at U.S. cystic fibrosis programs. J Cyst Fibros. 2021;20(January):9-13. doi:10.1016/j.jcf.2021.08.034
31. Jaclyn D, Andrew N, Ryan P, et al. Patient and family perceptions of telehealth as part of the cystic fibrosis care model during COVID-19. J Cyst Fibros. 2021;20(3):e23-e28. doi:10.1016/j.jcf.2021.03.009
32. Rodkjær L, Jeppesen M, Schougaard L. Management of Cystic Fibrosis during COVID-19: Patient Reported Outcomes based remote follow-up among CF patients in Denmark – A feasibility study. J Cyst Fibros. 2022;21(2):e106-e112. doi:10.1016/j.jcf.2021.10.010
33. Ong T, Van Citters AD, Dowd C, et al. Remote monitoring in telehealth care delivery across the U.S. cystic fibrosis care network. J Cyst Fibros. 2021;20:57-63. doi:10.1016/j.jcf.2021.08.035
34. Holmes CJ, Racette SB, Symonds L, Arbeláez AM, Cao C, Granados A. Feasibility and Efficacy of Telehealth-Based Resistance Exercise Training in Adolescents with Cystic Fibrosis and Glucose Intolerance. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(6). doi:10.3390/ijerph19063297
35. Kenis-Coskun Ö, Aksoy AN, Kumaş EN, et al. The effect of telerehabilitation on quality of life, anxiety, and depression in children with cystic fibrosis and caregivers: A single-blind randomized trial. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2022; 57(5):1262-1271. doi:10.1002/ppul.25860
36. Graziano S, Boldrini F, Righelli D, et al. Psychological interventions during COVID pandemic: Telehealth for individuals with cystic fibrosis and caregivers. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2021;56(7):1976-1984. doi:10.1002/ppul.25413
37. Edwards C, Costello E, Cassidy N, Vick B, Russell AM. Use of the patientMpower app with home-based spirometry to monitor the symptoms and impact of fibrotic lung conditions: Longitudinal observational study. JMIR mHealth uHealth. 2020;8(11):1-9. doi:10.2196/16158
38. Moor CC, Mostard RLM, Grutters JC, et al. Home monitoring in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: A randomized controlled trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2020;202(3):393-401. doi:10.1164/rccm.202002-0328OC
39. O’Shea O, Murphy G, Forde L, O’Reilly KMA. A qualitative exploration of people living with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis experience of a virtual pulmonary rehabilitation programme. BMC Pulm Med. 2022;22(1):1 10. doi:10.1186/s12890-022-02221-6
40. Cerdan de Las Heras J, Balbino F, Catalán-Matamoros D, Løkke A, Hilberg O, Bendstrup E. Effect of a Telerehabilitation program in sarcoidosis. Sarcoidosis, Vasc Diffus lung Dis Off J WASOG. 2022;39(1): e2022003. doi:10.36141/svdld.v39i1.12526
41. Pardolesi A, Gherzi L, Pastorino U. Telemedicine for management of patients with lung cancer during COVID-19 in an Italian cancer institute: SmartDoc Project. Tumori. 2022;108(4):357-363. doi:10.1177/03008916211012760
42. de Leeuwerk ME, Botjes M, van Vliet V, et al. Self-monitoring of Physical Activity after Hospital Discharge in Patients Who Have Undergone Gastrointestinal or Lung Cancer Surgery: Mixed Methods Feasibility Study. JMIR Cancer. 2022;8(2):1-15. doi:10.2196/35694
43. Prasongsook N, Seetalarom K, Saichaemchan S, Udomdamrongkul K. A Pilot Study of Using Smartphone Application vs. Routine Follow-Up for Patient Care in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer During the COVID-19 Pandemic Era. Front Med Technol. 2022;4(June):1-11. doi:10.3389/fmedt.2022.900172
44. Wasilewska E, Sobierajska-Rek A, Małgorzewicz S, Soliński M, Jassem E. Benefits of Telemonitoring of Pulmonary Function—3-Month Follow-Up of Home Electronic Spirometry in Patients with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. J Clin Med. 2022;11(3). doi:10.3390/jcm11030856
45. Kenis-Coskun O, Imamoglu S, Karamancioglu B, Kurt K, Ozturk G, Karadag-Saygi E. Comparison of telerehabilitation versus home-based video exercise in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy: a single-blind randomized study. Acta Neurol Belg. 2022;122(5):1269-1280. doi:10.1007/s13760-022-01975-4
46. Poberezhets V, Pinnock H, Vogiatzis I, Mishlanov V. Implementation of digital health interventions in respiratory medicine: A call to action by the european respiratory society m-health/e-health group. ERJ Open Res. 2020; 6(1):0-1. doi:10.1183/23120541.00281-2019
47. Hooshmand S, Cho J, Singh S, Govindarajan R. Satisfaction of Telehealth in Patients With Established Neuromuscular Disorders. Front Neurol. 2021;12(May):1-5. doi:10.3389/fneur.2021.667813
48. Tattersall R, Carty S, Meldrum D, Hardiman O, Murray D. The patient ’ s perspective of remote respiratory assessments during the COVID-19 pandemic Title : The Patient ’ s Perspective of Remote Respiratory Assessments During the Authors : 4 : Department of Neurology , Beaumont Hospital Caption List : Table 1 : . Published online 2022.
49. Sobierajska-Rek A, Mański Ł, Jabłońska-Brudło J, Śledzińska K, Ucińska A, Wierzba J. Establishing a telerehabilitation program for patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy in the COVID-19 pandemic. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2021;133(7-8):344-350. doi:10.1007/s00508-020-01786-8
50. Harjpal P, Kovela RK, Raipure A, Dandale C, Qureshi MI. The Refinement of Home Exercise Program for Children and Adolescents With Muscular Dystrophy in the Present COVID-19 Pandemic Scenario: A Scoping Review. Cureus. 2022;14(9). doi:10.7759/cureus.29344
51. Wasilewska E, Sobierajska-Rek A, Małgorzewicz S, Soliński M, Szalewska D, Jassem E. Is it possible to have home e-monitoring of pulmonary function in our patients with duchenne muscular dystrophy in the covid-19 pandemic?—a one center pilot study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(17). doi:10.3390/ijerph18178967
52. Sobierajska-Rek A, Mański Ł, Jabłońska-Brudło J, Śledzińska K, Wasilewska E, Szalewska D. Respiratory telerehabilitation of boys and young men with duchenne muscular dystrophy in the covid-19 pandemic. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(12). doi:10.3390/ijerph18126179