Prevalence of Intestinal Parasites and Anthropometric Assessments in Preschool Children in a Region of the Istmo de Tehuantepec, Oaxaca, Mexico.
Main Article Content
Abstract
Introduction: Intestinal parasites are infections that affect the digestive system, and can also affect other organs and tissues, they are transmitted by the fecal-oral route through the ingestion of cysts or eggs, present in contaminated food and beverages. In Mexico they are one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in pediatric ages.
Objective: To determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites, their socioeconomic impact and their effect on growth and development in children from a population of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, Oaxaca.
Material and Methods: An observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out in 589 children between 0-5 years of age, for 8 months, through medical examination, coproparasito-scopic studies and Méndez-Graffar questionnaire to their guardians. The EPI-INFOTM program, SPSS version 27.0 and EPIDAT 4.2 were used to perform the Chi2 and Student's t statistical tests, with a 95% confidence interval.
Results: Of all the children studied, 81.49% had at least one parasitic agent, Blastocystis spp. (79%) the most prevalent. No significant difference was found between both sexes, but it was found in the age group, being the ages of 4-6 years the most parasitized in 100%. According to statistical tests, there is a direct relationship with parasitic load, development of nutritional alterations and socioeconomic conditions in which they grow.
Conclusion: The community studied presented a high prevalence of these diseases associated with socioeconomic factors, which is why the implementation of prevention programs for these infections is insisted on.
Keywords:
Intestinal diseases, Preschool, Malnutrition, Mexico
Article Details
How to Cite
SÁNCHEZ VEGA, José Trinidad et al.
Prevalence of Intestinal Parasites and Anthropometric Assessments in Preschool Children in a Region of the Istmo de Tehuantepec, Oaxaca, Mexico..
Medical Research Archives, [S.l.], v. 11, n. 8, sep. 2023.
ISSN 2375-1924.
Available at: <https://esmed.org/MRA/mra/article/view/4354>. Date accessed: 27 apr. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.18103/mra.v11i8.4354.
Section
Research Articles
The Medical Research Archives grants authors the right to publish and reproduce the unrevised contribution in whole or in part at any time and in any form for any scholarly non-commercial purpose with the condition that all publications of the contribution include a full citation to the journal as published by the Medical Research Archives.
References
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21. Sanchez JT, Tay J, Robert L, Romero R, Ruiz, Rivas C. Frequency of intestinal parasites in irregular human settlements.Revista Facultad de Medicina UNAM. 2000 43(3):80-83. https://www.medigraphic.com/pdfs/facmed/un-2000/un003c.pdf
22. Solano L, Acuña I, Barón MA, Morón De Salim A, Sánchez A. Intestinal parasitic infestation and others infectious backgrounds influence in the anthropometric nutritional status of children in poverty. Parasitología latinoamericana. 2008 63(1-2-3-4): 12-19. https://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0717-77122008000100003
23. Soriano SV, Manacorda AM, Pierangeli NB, Navarro MC, Giayetto AL, Barbieri LM. Intestinal parasites and their relationship with socioeconomic factors and habitat conditions in children from Neuquén, Patagonia, Argentina. Parasitología Latinoamericana. 2005 60(3-4):154-161. https://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-77122005000200009.
24. Rodríguez E, Mateos B, González JC, Aguilar YM, Alarcón E, Mendoza AA. Parasitic transition to Blastocystis hominis in children from the Central Zone of the State of Guerrero, Mexico. Parasitología Latinoamericana. 2008 63(1-2-3-4): 20-28. https://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-77122008000100004.
25. Oyhenart E, Garraza M, Bergel M, Torres M, Castro E, Luis M, Navone T. Caracterización del estado nutricional, enteroparasitosis y condiciones socio-ambientales de la población infanto-juvenil del partido de La Plata. Revista argentina de antropología biológica, 2013 15(1); 47-60. https://revistas.unlp.edu.ar/raab/article/view/691
26. Cardona J, Rivera Y, Carmona J. Salud indígena en el siglo XXI: parásitos intestinales, desnutrición, anemia y condiciones de vida en niños del resguardo indígena Cañamomo-Lomaprieta, Caldas-Colombia. Medicas UIS, 2014 27(2), 29-39. https://revistas.uis.edu.co/index.php/revistamedicasuis/article/view/4322
27. Villa A, Kelly S. Determinación de la prevalencia de parásitos intestinales en niños de 3 a 5 años y los factores sociosanitarios asociados, en el distrito de Jacobo Hunter-Arequipa. Doctoral dissertation, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín. 2017.
28. Bonilla C. Asociación entre estado nutricional y la presencia de parasitosis intestinales en niños preescolares del Colegio San Francisco de Asís, Barrio el Codito y Bella Vista, Bogotá DC. 2009 58-79. http://hdl.handle.net/10554/8330
29. Manrique A, Fred G, Suescún S. "Prevalencia de parasitismo intestinal y situación nutricional en escolares y adolescentes de Tunja." CES Medicina, (2011 25(1): 20-30. Prevalencia de parasitismo intestinal y situación nutricional ...SciELO (Colombia)http://www.scielo.org.co › scielo
30. Acuña A, Álvarez R. "Parasitosis intestinales y estado nutricional en una escuela de Montevideo." Montevideo: UdelaR, Espacio Interdisciplinario (2012). https://www.colibri.udelar.edu.uy/jspui/bitstream/20.500.12008/7582/1/parasitosis_final.pdf
31. Salas K, Barrios A, Zapata C, Galofre M, Gonzales C, Macías J. Prevalencia De Parasitismo Intestinal Y Su Asociacion Con El Estado Nutricional En Niños Del Municipio De Galapa, Atlántico-Colombia 2018 14(36); 12-24. https://eujournal.org/index.php/esj/article/view/11595
32. Romero R, Tay J, Gutierrez M, Gonzalez A, Sanchez JT. Repercussion of Geohelminthiasis in Individual Development and Growth Rate. XI International Congress of Clinical Chemistry: Proceedings. Vienna, Austria. August 30-September 5, 1982: 371-382.
33. Zonta ML, Navone GT, Oyhenart EE. Intestinal parasites in preschool and school age children: Current situation in urban, periurban and rural populations in Brandsen, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Parasitología latinoamericana.2007 62(1-2):54-60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0717-77122007000100009.
34. Zuta N, Rojas AO, Mori MA, Cajas UV. Impact of school health education, overcrowding and intestinal parasites in preschool children. Comunic@cción. 2019 10(1): 47-56. http://www.scielo.org.pe/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2219-71682019000100004
35. Giraldo JM, Lora F, Hena LH, Mejia S, Gonzalez JE. Prevalence of giardiasis and intestinal parasites in preschool children from homes attended in a state program in Armenia, Colombia. Revista de Salud Pública. 2005 7(3):327-338. http://www.scielo.org.co/pdf/rsap/v7n3/v7n3a08.pdf.
36. Morales A, Restrepo L, Ramírez L, Villa A. . Giardiasis y desnutrición infantil. Investigar y Aprender, 2016 (1); 61-71. https://doi.org/10.22209/ia.n1a06 http://fer.uniremington.edu.co/ojs/index.php/IA/article/view/205/210
37. Mazariego AMÄ, Alejandro GMR, Ramirez ASJ, Trujillo MG.Prevalence of intestinal parasites in children from rural day care centers in Chiapas. Enfermedad Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica. 2020 40(2):43-46. https://www.medigraphic.com/pdfs/micro/ei-2020/ei202b.pdf.
38. Arias J, Guzmán G, Lora F, Torres E, Gómez E. Prevalencia de protozoos intestinales en 79 niños de 2 a 5 años de edad de un hogar infantil estatal en Circasia, Quindío. Infectio, 2010 14(1), 31-38. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0123939210700904
2. Sánchez JT. Medical Parasitology. Mendez Editores; 2023.
3. Organización Panamericana de la Salud. Operational Guidelines for the Implementation of Deworming Activities: A Contribution to the Control of Soil-Transmitted Helminth Infections in Latin America and the Caribbean. Disponible en: https://iris.paho.org/handle/10665.2/31345. Accessed verified on July 21, 2023.
4. Organización Panamericana de la Salud. Geohelminthiasis in the Americas for public health workers. Disponible en:https://www3.paho.org/hq/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=14747:soil-transmitted-helminthiasis-americas&Itemid=0&lang=es#gsc.tab=0 Accessed verified on July 21, 2023.
5. Becerril M. Medical Parasitology. 6th ed. Mcgraw Hill. 2023
6. Alvarado B, Vásquez L. Social determinants, feeding practices and nutritional consequences of intestinal parasitism in children from 7 to 18 months of age in Guapi, Cauca. Biomédica, 2006 26(1); 81-87. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16929906/
7. Espinoza D, Cristóbal I, Odalis G, Henry Cabrera Medina. Prevalencia de enteroparasitosis y factores asociados en niños escolares de la unidad educativa “Eudófilo Álvarez” cantón Sucúa, comunidad de Cumbatza. Panorama Médico. 2014 8(4): 04-11. https://dspace.ucacue.edu.ec/handle/ucacue/833
8. Arrieta S, Brito V, Chavez E, Iñiguez L. Parasitosis intestinal en una población de 5 a 14 años que acuden a unidades educativas escuelas colegios públicos de la ciudad de Riobamba. European Scientific Journal, ESJ, 2017 13(30); 11-11. https://eujournal.org/index.php/esj/article/view/10073
9. Navone G, Gamboa M, Oyhenart E, Cesani M, Zonta M, Castro L, Sicre. Estado nutricional y parasitosis intestinales en niños residentes en zonas urbana, periurbana y rural del partido de Brandsen (Buenos Aires, Argentina). Revista Argentina de Antropología Biológica, 2007 9(2), 105-121. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar/handle/10915/6008
10. Cruces Y. Prevalencia y factores de riesgo asociados a desnutrición infantil, distrito Túpac Amaru Inca-Pisco. Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Humana, 2014 14(1); 28-34. https://revistas.urp.edu.pe/index.php/RFMH/article/view/965
11. Sistema de Información de la Secretaría de Salud. Datos de Salud. Disponible en:http://sinaiscap.salud.gob.mx:8080/DGIS/. Accessed verified on July 21, 2023.
12. Ávila E, Ávila A, Araujo JM, Villarreal A, Douglas T. Factors Associated with intestinal parasitosis in children from the outpatient clinic of a care hospital. Revista Mexicana de Pediatría. 2007 74(1):5-8. https://www.medigraphic.com/pdfs/pediat/sp-2007/sp071b.pdf.
13. Organización Mundial de la Salud. WHO’s first ever global estimates of foodborne diseases find children under 5 account for almost one third of deaths. Disponible en:https://www.who.int/news/item/03-12-2015-who-s-first-ever-global-estimates-of-foodborne-diseases-find-children-under-5-account-for-almost-one-third-of-deaths Accessed verified on July 21, 2023.
14. Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI). Disponible en: https://www.inegi.org.mx/. Accessed verified on July 21, 2023.
15. Méndez Castellano, H. Society and Stratification. Graffar-Méndez Castellano method. Caracas: Fundacredesa; 1994.
16. Consejo Nacional de Evaluación de la Política de Desarrollo Social (CONEVAL). Disponible en:https://www.coneval.org.mx/Medicion/Paginas/PobrezaInicio.aspx . Accessed verified on July 21, 2023.
17. Faust EC, D’Antoni JS, Odom V, Miller M, Peres C, Sawitz W. A critical study of clinical laboratory techniques for the diagnosis of protozoan cysts and helminth eggs in feces. American Journal of Tropical and Hygiene. 1938 (2): 1-18, 669-683.https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1938.s1-18.169.
18. Organización Mundial de la Salud. Who International Child Growth Standards.Disponible en:https://www.who.int/tools/child-growth-standards. Accessed verified on July 21, 2023.
19. Organización Mundial de la Salud. WHO child growth standards: growth velocity based on weight, length and head circumference: methods and development. Disponible en:https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/44026. Accessed verified on July 21, 2023.
20. World, A.M. Declaration of Helsinki of the World Medical Association. Ethical principles for medical research in human beings. (2008) In Anales del Sistema Sanitario de Navarra (Vol. 24, No. 2, pp. 209-212).
21. Sanchez JT, Tay J, Robert L, Romero R, Ruiz, Rivas C. Frequency of intestinal parasites in irregular human settlements.Revista Facultad de Medicina UNAM. 2000 43(3):80-83. https://www.medigraphic.com/pdfs/facmed/un-2000/un003c.pdf
22. Solano L, Acuña I, Barón MA, Morón De Salim A, Sánchez A. Intestinal parasitic infestation and others infectious backgrounds influence in the anthropometric nutritional status of children in poverty. Parasitología latinoamericana. 2008 63(1-2-3-4): 12-19. https://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0717-77122008000100003
23. Soriano SV, Manacorda AM, Pierangeli NB, Navarro MC, Giayetto AL, Barbieri LM. Intestinal parasites and their relationship with socioeconomic factors and habitat conditions in children from Neuquén, Patagonia, Argentina. Parasitología Latinoamericana. 2005 60(3-4):154-161. https://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-77122005000200009.
24. Rodríguez E, Mateos B, González JC, Aguilar YM, Alarcón E, Mendoza AA. Parasitic transition to Blastocystis hominis in children from the Central Zone of the State of Guerrero, Mexico. Parasitología Latinoamericana. 2008 63(1-2-3-4): 20-28. https://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-77122008000100004.
25. Oyhenart E, Garraza M, Bergel M, Torres M, Castro E, Luis M, Navone T. Caracterización del estado nutricional, enteroparasitosis y condiciones socio-ambientales de la población infanto-juvenil del partido de La Plata. Revista argentina de antropología biológica, 2013 15(1); 47-60. https://revistas.unlp.edu.ar/raab/article/view/691
26. Cardona J, Rivera Y, Carmona J. Salud indígena en el siglo XXI: parásitos intestinales, desnutrición, anemia y condiciones de vida en niños del resguardo indígena Cañamomo-Lomaprieta, Caldas-Colombia. Medicas UIS, 2014 27(2), 29-39. https://revistas.uis.edu.co/index.php/revistamedicasuis/article/view/4322
27. Villa A, Kelly S. Determinación de la prevalencia de parásitos intestinales en niños de 3 a 5 años y los factores sociosanitarios asociados, en el distrito de Jacobo Hunter-Arequipa. Doctoral dissertation, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín. 2017.
28. Bonilla C. Asociación entre estado nutricional y la presencia de parasitosis intestinales en niños preescolares del Colegio San Francisco de Asís, Barrio el Codito y Bella Vista, Bogotá DC. 2009 58-79. http://hdl.handle.net/10554/8330
29. Manrique A, Fred G, Suescún S. "Prevalencia de parasitismo intestinal y situación nutricional en escolares y adolescentes de Tunja." CES Medicina, (2011 25(1): 20-30. Prevalencia de parasitismo intestinal y situación nutricional ...SciELO (Colombia)http://www.scielo.org.co › scielo
30. Acuña A, Álvarez R. "Parasitosis intestinales y estado nutricional en una escuela de Montevideo." Montevideo: UdelaR, Espacio Interdisciplinario (2012). https://www.colibri.udelar.edu.uy/jspui/bitstream/20.500.12008/7582/1/parasitosis_final.pdf
31. Salas K, Barrios A, Zapata C, Galofre M, Gonzales C, Macías J. Prevalencia De Parasitismo Intestinal Y Su Asociacion Con El Estado Nutricional En Niños Del Municipio De Galapa, Atlántico-Colombia 2018 14(36); 12-24. https://eujournal.org/index.php/esj/article/view/11595
32. Romero R, Tay J, Gutierrez M, Gonzalez A, Sanchez JT. Repercussion of Geohelminthiasis in Individual Development and Growth Rate. XI International Congress of Clinical Chemistry: Proceedings. Vienna, Austria. August 30-September 5, 1982: 371-382.
33. Zonta ML, Navone GT, Oyhenart EE. Intestinal parasites in preschool and school age children: Current situation in urban, periurban and rural populations in Brandsen, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Parasitología latinoamericana.2007 62(1-2):54-60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0717-77122007000100009.
34. Zuta N, Rojas AO, Mori MA, Cajas UV. Impact of school health education, overcrowding and intestinal parasites in preschool children. Comunic@cción. 2019 10(1): 47-56. http://www.scielo.org.pe/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2219-71682019000100004
35. Giraldo JM, Lora F, Hena LH, Mejia S, Gonzalez JE. Prevalence of giardiasis and intestinal parasites in preschool children from homes attended in a state program in Armenia, Colombia. Revista de Salud Pública. 2005 7(3):327-338. http://www.scielo.org.co/pdf/rsap/v7n3/v7n3a08.pdf.
36. Morales A, Restrepo L, Ramírez L, Villa A. . Giardiasis y desnutrición infantil. Investigar y Aprender, 2016 (1); 61-71. https://doi.org/10.22209/ia.n1a06 http://fer.uniremington.edu.co/ojs/index.php/IA/article/view/205/210
37. Mazariego AMÄ, Alejandro GMR, Ramirez ASJ, Trujillo MG.Prevalence of intestinal parasites in children from rural day care centers in Chiapas. Enfermedad Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica. 2020 40(2):43-46. https://www.medigraphic.com/pdfs/micro/ei-2020/ei202b.pdf.
38. Arias J, Guzmán G, Lora F, Torres E, Gómez E. Prevalencia de protozoos intestinales en 79 niños de 2 a 5 años de edad de un hogar infantil estatal en Circasia, Quindío. Infectio, 2010 14(1), 31-38. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0123939210700904