Acute Kidney Injury: Current and Future Therapies Involving Antioxidants and Antioxidant Formulations
Main Article Content
Abstract
Acute kidney injury is characterised by abrupt failure of kidney function, sometimes leading to chronic kidney disease, and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. However, there is no clear effective therapeutic solution and treatment is mainly based on either alleviation or removal of the possible cause and/or renal replacement therapy. Oxidative stress has been indicated as one of the main pathophysiological pathways in the development of acute kidney injury. Various treatments including antioxidants, inflammatory mediators and genetic modifiers have been proposed to for the treatment of this condition. Epidemiological studies show lower incidence of kidney failure with higher consumption of antioxidants. However, the data is inconclusive due to their physicochemical properties, bioavailability or toxicity. Novel drug delivery systems such as liposomes and nanoparticles have been proposed to overcome the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic barriers. This review provides a brief introduction to acute kidney injury and the different factors involved in its pathology, focusing on oxidative stress. It also covers details of antioxidant use as preventive and/or treatment option. It will summarise their limitations as free drugs and the possible improvement in their bioavailability by two main novel drug delivery systems: liposomes and polymeric nanoparticles. Other therapies such as inflammatory mediators and genetic modifiers are also discussed briefly.
Keywords:
Acute kidney injury, antioxidants, ascorbic acid, curcumin, flavonoids, liposomes, nanoparticles, oxidant injury, oxidative stress, resveratrol, α-tocopherol
Article Details
How to Cite
LAYAS, Kauther I.; CHATTERJEE, Prabal K.; PANNALA, Ananth S..
Acute Kidney Injury: Current and Future Therapies Involving Antioxidants and Antioxidant Formulations.
Medical Research Archives, [S.l.], v. 11, n. 11, nov. 2023.
ISSN 2375-1924.
Available at: <https://esmed.org/MRA/mra/article/view/4863>. Date accessed: 21 nov. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.18103/mra.v11i11.4863.
Section
Research Articles
The Medical Research Archives grants authors the right to publish and reproduce the unrevised contribution in whole or in part at any time and in any form for any scholarly non-commercial purpose with the condition that all publications of the contribution include a full citation to the journal as published by the Medical Research Archives.
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