ADJUVANTS AND ADDITIVES IN HUMAN AND ANIMAL VACCINES
Main Article Content
Abstract
Vaccines typically contain immunologic adjuvants and other additives which act to accelerate, prolong, or enhance antigen-specific immune responses when used together with specific vaccine antigens. Nevertheless, despite ongoing questions about their efficacy and safety, millions of individuals have received these vaccines with relatively few documented adverse events. Vaccine pharmacovigilance is the term used to remind all of us that vaccines carry an inherent, albeit small, risk (CIOMS/WHO 2012).
Article Details
How to Cite
DODDS, W Jean.
ADJUVANTS AND ADDITIVES IN HUMAN AND ANIMAL VACCINES.
Medical Research Archives, [S.l.], n. 3, july 2016.
ISSN 2375-1924.
Available at: <https://esmed.org/MRA/mra/article/view/537>. Date accessed: 26 dec. 2024.
Keywords
vaccine; adjuvants; additives
Issue
Section
Review Articles
The Medical Research Archives grants authors the right to publish and reproduce the unrevised contribution in whole or in part at any time and in any form for any scholarly non-commercial purpose with the condition that all publications of the contribution include a full citation to the journal as published by the Medical Research Archives.
References
Aucouturier J, Dupuis L, Ganne V: Adjuvants designed for veterinary and human vaccines. Vaccine 2001; 19 (17-19):2666-2672.
Cerpa-Cruz S, Paredes-Casillas P, Landeros-Navarro E, et al. Adverse events following immunization with vaccines containing adjuvants. Immunol Res 2013; 56 (2-3):299-303.
CIOMS/WHO Working Group Report on Vaccine Pharmacovigilance. Definition and Application of Terms for Vaccine Pharmacovigilance, Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences (CIOMS)/World Health Organization (WHO), 2015. ISBN 978 92 9036 083 4
Cruz-Tapias P, Agmon-Levin N, Israeli E et al. Autoimmune (autoinflammatory) syndrome induced by adjuvants (ASIA) – animal models as a proof of concept. Curr Med Chem 2013; 20:4030-4036.
Davis HL: Novel vaccines and adjuvant systems: the utility of animal models for predicting immunogenicity in humans. Hum Vaccin 2008; 4(3):246-250.
Dodds WJ: Adverse events associated with vaccines in veterinary practice. Vaccinology, 2016b, Chapter 10. Elsevier, San Diego (in press).
Dodds WJ: Alternatives to current adjuvants: a veterinary perspective. Vaccinology, 2016a, Chapter 8. Elsevier, San Diego (in press).
Dodds WJ: Canine seizure disorders and the immune system. Case studies. J Am Hol Vet Med Assoc 2015; 39: 29-31, Summer issue.
Dodds WJ: Vaccine-related issues. In Complementary and Alternative Veterinary Medicine, eds. AM Schoen, SG Wynn, 1997, Ch. 40, pp.701-712: Mosby, NY.
Dodds WJ:. More bumps on the vaccine road. Adv Vet Med 1999; 41:715-732.
Hambleton S and Gershon AA: Preventing varicella-zoster disease. Clin Microbiol Rev 2005; 18(1): 70-80.
Heegaard PM, Dedieu L, Johnson N, et al. Adjuvants and delivery systems in veterinary vaccinology: current state and future developments. Arch Virol 2011; 156 (2):183-202.
Israeli E, Agmon-Levin N, Blank M, et al. Adjuvants and autoimmunity. Lupus 2009; 18(13): 1217-1225.
Leventhal JS, Berger EM, Brauer JA, et al. Hypersensitivity reactions to vaccine constituents: a case series and review of the literature. Dermatitis 2012; 23(3):102-109.
Liu Y, Zhang S, Zhang F, et al. Adjuvant activity of Chinese herbal polysaccharides in inactivated veterinary rabies vaccines. Int J Biolog Macromolecules 2012; 50:598-602.
Luján L, Pérez M, Salazar E, et al. Autoimmune/autoinflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants (ASIA syndrome) in commercial sheep. Immunol Res 2013; 56: 317-324.
Morris DO: Ischemic dermatopathies. Vet Clin Small Anim 2013; 43:99-111.
Nordly P, Madsen HB, Nielsen HM, et al. Status and future prospects of lipid-based particulate delivery systems as vaccine adjuvants and their combination with immuno-stimulators. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2009; 6(7):657-672.
Perricone C, Colafrancesco S, Mazor RD, et al. Autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants (ASIA) Unveiling the pathogenic, clinical and diagnostic aspects. J Autoimmun 2013; 47:1-16.
Sayers S, Guerlain U, Zuoshuang X, et al. Vaxjo: A web-based vaccine adjuvant database and its application for analysis of vaccine adjuvants and their uses in vaccine development. J Biomed Biotechnol 2012; 831486.
Schoenfeld Y, Agmon-Levin N, Tomljenovic L (eds): Vaccines and autoimmunity, 2015, Wiley Blackwell, pp.359. ISBN 978-1-118-66343-1
Shaw CA, Li D, Tomljenovic L: Are there negative CNS impacts of aluminum adjuvants used in vaccines and immunotherapy? Immunotherapy 2014; 6(10):1055-1071.
Shaw CA, Tomljenovic L: Aluminum in the central nervous system: toxicity in humans and animals, vaccine adjuvants, and autoimmunity. Immunol Res 2013; 56 (2-3):304-316.
Spickler AR, Roth JA: Adjuvants in veterinary vaccines: modes of action and adverse effects. J Vet Intern Med 2003; 7(3):273-281.
Stejskal V: Mercury-induced inflammation: yet another example of ASIA syndrome. Israel Med Assoc J 2013; 15:714-715.
Stratton KR, Howe CJ, Johnston RB, Jr, eds. In: Adverse Events Associated with Childhood Vaccines: Evidence Bearing on Causality, 1994, National Academy Press.
Tizard I: Risks associated with use of live vaccines. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1990; 196:1851-1858.
Tomljenovic L, Shaw CA: Aluminum vaccine adjuvants: are they safe? Curr Med Chem 2011; 8(17):2630-2637.
Tomljenovic L, Shaw CA: Answers to common misconceptions regarding the toxicity of aluminum adjuvants in vaccines. Vaccinology, 2016, Elsevier, San Diego (in press).
Tomljenovic L, Shaw CA: Mechanisms of aluminum adjuvant toxicity and autoimmunity in pediatric populations. Lupus 2012; 21(2):223-230.
Vitale CB, Gross TL, Magro CM: Case report. Vaccine-induced ischemic dermatopathy in the dog. Vet Dermatol 1999; 10: 131-142.
Vogel FR: Improving vaccine performance with adjuvants. Clin Infect Dis 2000; 30 Suppl 3: S266-270.
Wellborn LV (chair), et al. Report of the AAHA Canine Vaccine Task Force: 2011 AAHA Canine Vaccine Guidelines. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 2011; 47(5):1-42. www.aahanet.org
Wilcock BP, Yager JA: Focal cutaneous vasculitis and alopecia at sites of rabies vaccination in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1986; 188:1174–1177.
Wilson-Welder JH, Torres MP, Kipper MJ, et al. Vaccine adjuvants: current challenges and future approaches. J Pharm Sci 2009; 98(4):1278-1316.
Cerpa-Cruz S, Paredes-Casillas P, Landeros-Navarro E, et al. Adverse events following immunization with vaccines containing adjuvants. Immunol Res 2013; 56 (2-3):299-303.
CIOMS/WHO Working Group Report on Vaccine Pharmacovigilance. Definition and Application of Terms for Vaccine Pharmacovigilance, Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences (CIOMS)/World Health Organization (WHO), 2015. ISBN 978 92 9036 083 4
Cruz-Tapias P, Agmon-Levin N, Israeli E et al. Autoimmune (autoinflammatory) syndrome induced by adjuvants (ASIA) – animal models as a proof of concept. Curr Med Chem 2013; 20:4030-4036.
Davis HL: Novel vaccines and adjuvant systems: the utility of animal models for predicting immunogenicity in humans. Hum Vaccin 2008; 4(3):246-250.
Dodds WJ: Adverse events associated with vaccines in veterinary practice. Vaccinology, 2016b, Chapter 10. Elsevier, San Diego (in press).
Dodds WJ: Alternatives to current adjuvants: a veterinary perspective. Vaccinology, 2016a, Chapter 8. Elsevier, San Diego (in press).
Dodds WJ: Canine seizure disorders and the immune system. Case studies. J Am Hol Vet Med Assoc 2015; 39: 29-31, Summer issue.
Dodds WJ: Vaccine-related issues. In Complementary and Alternative Veterinary Medicine, eds. AM Schoen, SG Wynn, 1997, Ch. 40, pp.701-712: Mosby, NY.
Dodds WJ:. More bumps on the vaccine road. Adv Vet Med 1999; 41:715-732.
Hambleton S and Gershon AA: Preventing varicella-zoster disease. Clin Microbiol Rev 2005; 18(1): 70-80.
Heegaard PM, Dedieu L, Johnson N, et al. Adjuvants and delivery systems in veterinary vaccinology: current state and future developments. Arch Virol 2011; 156 (2):183-202.
Israeli E, Agmon-Levin N, Blank M, et al. Adjuvants and autoimmunity. Lupus 2009; 18(13): 1217-1225.
Leventhal JS, Berger EM, Brauer JA, et al. Hypersensitivity reactions to vaccine constituents: a case series and review of the literature. Dermatitis 2012; 23(3):102-109.
Liu Y, Zhang S, Zhang F, et al. Adjuvant activity of Chinese herbal polysaccharides in inactivated veterinary rabies vaccines. Int J Biolog Macromolecules 2012; 50:598-602.
Luján L, Pérez M, Salazar E, et al. Autoimmune/autoinflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants (ASIA syndrome) in commercial sheep. Immunol Res 2013; 56: 317-324.
Morris DO: Ischemic dermatopathies. Vet Clin Small Anim 2013; 43:99-111.
Nordly P, Madsen HB, Nielsen HM, et al. Status and future prospects of lipid-based particulate delivery systems as vaccine adjuvants and their combination with immuno-stimulators. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2009; 6(7):657-672.
Perricone C, Colafrancesco S, Mazor RD, et al. Autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants (ASIA) Unveiling the pathogenic, clinical and diagnostic aspects. J Autoimmun 2013; 47:1-16.
Sayers S, Guerlain U, Zuoshuang X, et al. Vaxjo: A web-based vaccine adjuvant database and its application for analysis of vaccine adjuvants and their uses in vaccine development. J Biomed Biotechnol 2012; 831486.
Schoenfeld Y, Agmon-Levin N, Tomljenovic L (eds): Vaccines and autoimmunity, 2015, Wiley Blackwell, pp.359. ISBN 978-1-118-66343-1
Shaw CA, Li D, Tomljenovic L: Are there negative CNS impacts of aluminum adjuvants used in vaccines and immunotherapy? Immunotherapy 2014; 6(10):1055-1071.
Shaw CA, Tomljenovic L: Aluminum in the central nervous system: toxicity in humans and animals, vaccine adjuvants, and autoimmunity. Immunol Res 2013; 56 (2-3):304-316.
Spickler AR, Roth JA: Adjuvants in veterinary vaccines: modes of action and adverse effects. J Vet Intern Med 2003; 7(3):273-281.
Stejskal V: Mercury-induced inflammation: yet another example of ASIA syndrome. Israel Med Assoc J 2013; 15:714-715.
Stratton KR, Howe CJ, Johnston RB, Jr, eds. In: Adverse Events Associated with Childhood Vaccines: Evidence Bearing on Causality, 1994, National Academy Press.
Tizard I: Risks associated with use of live vaccines. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1990; 196:1851-1858.
Tomljenovic L, Shaw CA: Aluminum vaccine adjuvants: are they safe? Curr Med Chem 2011; 8(17):2630-2637.
Tomljenovic L, Shaw CA: Answers to common misconceptions regarding the toxicity of aluminum adjuvants in vaccines. Vaccinology, 2016, Elsevier, San Diego (in press).
Tomljenovic L, Shaw CA: Mechanisms of aluminum adjuvant toxicity and autoimmunity in pediatric populations. Lupus 2012; 21(2):223-230.
Vitale CB, Gross TL, Magro CM: Case report. Vaccine-induced ischemic dermatopathy in the dog. Vet Dermatol 1999; 10: 131-142.
Vogel FR: Improving vaccine performance with adjuvants. Clin Infect Dis 2000; 30 Suppl 3: S266-270.
Wellborn LV (chair), et al. Report of the AAHA Canine Vaccine Task Force: 2011 AAHA Canine Vaccine Guidelines. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 2011; 47(5):1-42. www.aahanet.org
Wilcock BP, Yager JA: Focal cutaneous vasculitis and alopecia at sites of rabies vaccination in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1986; 188:1174–1177.
Wilson-Welder JH, Torres MP, Kipper MJ, et al. Vaccine adjuvants: current challenges and future approaches. J Pharm Sci 2009; 98(4):1278-1316.