Navigating Mental Health Amidst COVID-19: Understanding Symptoms, Sociodemographic Patterns, and Practice Implications
Main Article Content
Stephanie F. Dailey
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8723-8972
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8723-8972
Abstract
This article explores the nuanced relationship between COVID-related stressors and mental health outcomes, with a particular focus on sociodemographic patterns and implications for practice. It illuminates the psychological impacts of the pandemic, explores sociodemographic disparities outcomes among historically marginalized communities, and offers recommendations for practitioners and policymakers to address mental health challenges. It reviews current research highlighting the direct correlation between pandemic-related stressors and heightened levels of depression, anxiety, and economic instability across diverse demographic groups, while also exploring the most widely reported barriers these communities face in accessing mental health services. Through a comprehensive review of the literature, key strategies for addressing mental health disparities emphasize the importance of promoting social connectedness and dispositional mindfulness as protective factors. By integrating culturally responsive interventions, promoting mental health literacy, building resilience and coping skills, strengthening support systems, and advocating for policy changes, this article contributes to efforts aimed at reducing mental health inequities and promoting equitable access to care for all individuals affected by the pandemic.
Keywords:
COVID-19 pandemic, mental health, sociodemographic disparities, resilience, treatment paradigms
Article Details
How to Cite
DAILEY, Stephanie F..
Navigating Mental Health Amidst COVID-19: Understanding Symptoms, Sociodemographic Patterns, and Practice Implications.
Medical Research Archives, [S.l.], v. 12, n. 5, may 2024.
ISSN 2375-1924.
Available at: <https://esmed.org/MRA/mra/article/view/5381>. Date accessed: 30 june 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.18103/mra.v12i5.5381.
Section
Editorial
The Medical Research Archives grants authors the right to publish and reproduce the unrevised contribution in whole or in part at any time and in any form for any scholarly non-commercial purpose with the condition that all publications of the contribution include a full citation to the journal as published by the Medical Research Archives.
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3. Chatterjee SS, Mukherjee A. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on pre-existing mental health problems. Asian journal of psychiatry. 2020;51:102071. doi:10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102071
4. Litam, SDA, Hipolito‐Delgado CP (2021). When being “essential” illuminates disparities: Counseling clients affected by COVID‐19. Journal of Counseling & Development. 2021;99(1), 3-10. doi:10.1002/jcad.12349
5. Rentsch CT, Kidwai-Khan F, Tate JP, Park LS, King JT, Skanderson M, et al. (2020) Patterns of COVID-19 testing and mortality by race and ethnicity among United States veterans: A nationwide cohort study. PLoS Med. 2020; 7(9), e1003379. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1003379
6. Anyane‐Yeboa A, Sato T, Sakuraba A. Racial Disparities in COVID‐19 Deaths Reveal Harsh Truths About Structural Inequality in America. Journal of Internal Medicine. 2020;288(4):479-480. doi:10.1111/joim.13117
7. Cao W, Fang Z, Hou G, et al. The psychological impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on college students in China. Psychiatry Research. 2020;287:112934. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112934
8. Dailey SF, Parker M, Emmanuel AD, Campbell A. Mental Health and COVID-19: symptom prevalence, sociodemographic associations, and implications for practice. Journal of Mental Health Counseling. 2022;44(4):343-361. doi:10.17744/mehc.44.4.05
9. Liu CH, Zhang E, Wong GTF, Hyun S, Hahm HC. Factors associated with depression, anxiety, and PTSD symptomatology during the COVID-19 pandemic: Clinical implications for U.S. young adult mental health. Psychiatry Research. 2020;290:113172. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113172
10. Parker M, Dailey SF, Emmanuel AD, Campbell A. Psychological impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) social distancing mandates on trauma survivors. Global Health Journal. 2022;6(3):174-179. doi:10.1016/j.glohj.2022.07.008
11. Xiong J, Lipsitz O, Nasri F, et al. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on mental health in the general population: A systematic review. Journal of Affective Disorders. 2020;277:55-64. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2020.08.001
12. Gemelas J, Davison J, Keltner C, Ing S. Inequities in employment by race, ethnicity, and sector during COVID-19. Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities. 2021;9(1):350-355. doi:10.1007/s40615-021-00963-3
13. Ho CS, Chee CY, Ho RC. Mental health strategies to combat the psychological impact of COVID-19 beyond paranoia and panic. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2020;49(1):1-3.
14. Kowal M, Coll-Martín T, İkizer G, et al. Who is the Most Stressed During the COVID‐19 Pandemic? Data From 26 Countries and Areas. Applied Psychology Health and Well-being. 2020;12(4):946-966. doi:10.1111/aphw.12234
15. Meng H, Xu Y, Dai J, Zhang Y, Liu B, Yang H. Analyze the psychological impact of COVID-19 among the elderly population in China and make corresponding suggestions. Psychiatry Research. 2020;289:112983. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112983
16. Fingerman KL, Ng YT, Zhang S, et al. Living alone during COVID-19: Social contact and emotional well-being among older adults. the Journals of Gerontology Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences. 2020;76(3):e116-e121. doi:10.1093/geronb/gbaa200
17. Moore KA, Lucas J. COVID‐19 distress and worries: The role of attitudes, social support, and positive coping during social isolation. Psychology and Psychotherapy. 2020;94(2):365-370. doi:10.1111/papt.12308
18. Alonzi S, La Torre A, Silverstein MW. The psychological impact of preexisting mental and physical health conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychological Trauma. 2020;12(S1):S236-S238. doi:10.1037/tra0000840
19. Umbetkulova S, Kanderzhanova A, Foster F, Stolyarova V, Cobb-Zygadlo D. Mental health changes in healthcare workers DURING COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic REVIEW of longitudinal studies. Evaluation & the Health Professions. 2023;47(1):11-20. doi:10.1177/01632787231165076
20. Olagoke A, Olagoke O, Hughes AM. Exposure to coronavirus news on mainstream media: The role of risk perceptions and depression. British Journal of Health Psychology. 2020;25(4):865-874. doi:10.1111/bjhp.12427
21. Ramaiya A, Chandra-Mouli V, Both R, et al. Assessing the health, social, educational and economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on adolescents in low- and middle-income countries: a rapid review of the literature. Sexual and Reproductive Health Matters. 2023;31(1). doi:10.1080/26410397.2023.2187170
22. Panchal U, De Pablo GS, Franco M, et al. The impact of COVID-19 lockdown on child and adolescent mental health: systematic review. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. 2021;32(7):1151-1177. doi:10.1007/s00787-021-01856-w
23. Seckman C. The impact of COVID‐19 on the psychosocial well‐being of older adults: A literature review. Journal of Nursing Scholarship. 2022;55(1):97-111. doi:10.1111/jnu.12824
24. Wang C, Pan R, Wan X, et al. Immediate Psychological Responses and Associated Factors during the Initial Stage of the 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Epidemic among the General Population in China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health/International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020;17(5):1729. doi:10.3390/ijerph17051729
25. Beaunoyer E, Dupéré S, Guitton MJ. COVID-19 and digital inequalities: Reciprocal impacts and mitigation strategies. Computers in Human Behavior. 2020;111:106424. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2020.106424
26. Boden‐Albala B, Ding X, Ryan N, et al. Anti-Asian racism related stigma, racial discrimination, and protective factors against stigma: a repeated cross-sectional survey among university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Frontiers in Public Health. 2023;11. doi:10.3389/fpubh.2023.958932
27. Dotson MP, Castro EM, Magid NT, Hoyt LT, Suleiman AB, Cohen AK. Emotional distancing: Change and strain in US young adult college students’ relationships during COVID-19. Emerging Adulthood. 2022;10(2), 546-557. doi:10.1177/21676968211065
28. Son C, Hegde S, Smith A, Wang X, Sasangohar F. Effects of COVID-19 on college students’ mental health in the United States: Interview Survey study. JMIR Journal of Medical Internet Research/Journal of Medical Internet Research. 2020;22(9):e21279. doi:10.2196/21279
29. Sun Y, Wu Y, Fan S, et al. Comparison of mental health symptoms before and during the covid-19 pandemic: evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis of 134 cohorts. BMJ. Published online March 8, 2023:e074224. doi:10.1136/bmj-2022-074224
30. Coyle EF, Fulcher M, Baker KS, Fredrickson CN. Families in quarantine: COVID‐19 pandemic effects on the work and home lives of women and their daughters. Journal of Social Issues. 2023;79(3):971-996. doi:10.1111/josi.12589
31. McNicholas C, Poydock M. Who are essential workers? A comprehensive look at their wages, demographics, and unionization rates. Economic Policy Institute. Published May 19, 2020. Accessed February 12, 2022. https://www.epi.org/blog/who-are-essential-workers-a-comprehensive-look-at-their-wages-demographics-and-unionization-rates
32. Versey HS, Russell CN. The impact of COVID‐19 and housing insecurity on lower‐income Black women. Journal of Social Issues. 2022;79(2):773-793. doi:10.1111/josi.12555
33. Fulcher M, Schroeder KM, Dinella LM. How the COVID‐19 global pandemic further jeopardized women’s health, mental well‐being, and safety: Intersectionality framework and social policy action. Journal of Social Issues. 2023;79(2):543-555. doi:10.1111/josi.12587
34. Lipp NS, Johnson NL. The impact of COVID‐19 on domestic violence agency functioning: A case study. Journal of Social Issues. 2022;79(2):735-746. doi:10.1111/josi.12549
35. Park H, Yu S. Men’s mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: a scoping review. Journal of Men’s Health. 2022;18(9):1. doi:10.31083/j.jomh1809179
36. Capuano A, Rossi F, Paolisso G. COVID-19 Kills more men than Women: An overview of possible reasons. Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine. 2020;7. doi:10.3389/fcvm.2020.00131
37. Ellison JM, Semlow AR, Jaeger EC, Griffth DM. COVID-19 and MENtal Health: Addressing men’s mental health needs in the digital world. American Journal of Men’s Health. 2021;15(4):155798832110300. doi:10.1177/15579883211030021
38. Addis ME. Gender and depression in men. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice. 2008;15(3), 153-168.
39. Jarrett BA, Peitzmeier S, Restar A, et al. Gender-affirming care, mental health, and economic stability in the time of COVID-19: A multi-national, cross-sectional study of transgender and nonbinary people. PloS One. 2021;16(7):e0254215. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0254215
40. Klanšček HJ, Furman L. Socioeconomic Deprivation and Inequalities in Mental Well-Being during the COVID-19 Pandemic among Adolescents. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health/International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2023;20(13):6233. doi:10.3390/ijerph20136233
41. Min JJ, Choi S, Park H. Associations between accessibility to health care service, social support, and Korean Americans’ mental health status amid the COVID-19 pandemic. BMC Public Health. 2021;21(1). doi:10.1186/s12889-021-11820-7
42. Patel J, Nielsen FBH, Badiani AA, et al. Poverty, inequality and COVID-19: the forgotten vulnerable. Public Health. 2020;183:110-111. doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2020.05.006
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