Noninvasive Colour-Based Card for Risk Assessment of Anaemia in Children: PAN-India User Experience

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11-July-5465.pdf
Published Jul 26, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18103/mra.v12i7.5465

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Main Article Content

G Kulkarni
Sanjeevani Children’s Hospital, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
J Dekhne
Kartik Children’s Hospital, Unique Children’s Hospital, Pune, India
B Rajsekhar
Associate Medical Director and Senior Consultant Paediatrician, Giggles by Omni Hospital, Visakhapatnam, India
A S Kumar
Professor in Pediatrics, Azeezia Medical College, Kollam, India
T Anand
Advance Pediatric Centre, Lucknow, India
L K Garg
Dr. Garg Pediatric Clinic, Agra, India
K Chakrabarti
Consultant Pediatrician, Child Healthcare, Bankura, West Bengal, India
A A Mirza
Consultant Neonatologist & Pediatrician, Kisholoy Children’s Hospital, Burdwan, West Bengal, India
R K Joshi
Senior Consultant Pediatrics and Neonatology, Apollo Hospitals, Bhubaneswar, India
A G Karthikeyan
Senior Consultant Paediatrician & Neonatologist, Sai Mother & Child Health Centre & Sakthi Hospital & Research centre, Chennai, India
B Yadav
Senior Biostatistician, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.

Abstract

Background: Easy-to-use inexpensive tools are needed for the detection and timely intervention for anemia in children. As an extension of an earlier user-experience in 9 paediatricians, we present real-world experience of 84 paediatricians for the assessment of anemia with the use of the Non-invasive Screening of Anemia (NISA) colour-based shade card in 1459 children aged 6- 60 months.


Methods: The NISA shade card was used to determine the presence and severity (mild, moderate, severe) of anemia by comparing the natural colour tint or pallor of palpebral conjunctiva with 13 ordinal shades. A feedback questionnaire was used to assess the experience of using the NISA card. Results were summarized using descriptive statistics.


Results: The sensitivity and specificity of the NISA shade card for detection of anemia were 80.83% (95% CI: 72.64% to 87.44%) and 66.04% (95% CI: 51.73% to 78.48%) respectively. The NISA card had an accuracy of 81.28%; this ranged from 77.74% to 85.23% in different regions across India. Most clinicians rated the NISA card as good to excellent for its utility in screening for anemia especially in situations where drawing of blood could be avoided.


Conclusion: With an accuracy and sensitivity of >80%, the NISA shade card is a simple tool that can easily be deployed in community settings for the assessment of anemia. The tool can find its extended use in planning and implementing nutritional practices in children.

Keywords: Anemia, Non-invasive, Children, Screening tool, Sensitivity, Specificity, Colour-based card

Article Details

How to Cite
KULKARNI, G et al. Noninvasive Colour-Based Card for Risk Assessment of Anaemia in Children: PAN-India User Experience. Medical Research Archives, [S.l.], v. 12, n. 7, july 2024. ISSN 2375-1924. Available at: <https://esmed.org/MRA/mra/article/view/5465>. Date accessed: 05 aug. 2024. doi: https://doi.org/10.18103/mra.v12i7.5465.
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Issue
Vol 12 No 7 (2024): Vol 12 No 7 (2024): July issue
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Research Articles

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