Role of Bcl-2, Apoptotic Index, and Ki-67 Expression in Basal Cell Carcinoma and their Association with Aggressive and Non- Aggressive Histological Phenotypes

Article Sidebar

8-July-5598.pdf
Published Jul 31, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18103/mra.v12i7.5598

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Submit your own article

Register as an author to reserve your spot in the next issue of the Medical Research Archives.

Author Registration

Join the Society

The European Society of Medicine is more than a professional association. We are a community. Our members work in countries across the globe, yet are united by a common goal: to promote health and health equity, around the world.

Join Europe’s leading medical society and discover the many advantages of membership, including free article publication.

Membership

Main Article Content

Prídavková Zuzana, MUDr
UVEA Eye Clinic s. r. o., Martin, Slovakia; Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia; Department of Ophthalmology, Central Military Hospital, Ružomberok, Slovakia
Alena Furdová, prof. MUDr
Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
Plank Lukáš, prof. MUDr
Martin´s Biopsy Centre, Ltd., Martin, Slovakia;  Department of Pathological Anatomy, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovakia
Žiak Peter, MUDr, PhD
UVEA Eye Clinic s. r. o., Martin, Slovakia; Eye Clinic, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Martin, Slovakia
Halička Juraj, MUDr, PhD
UVEA Eye Clinic s. r. o., Martin, Slovakia; Eye Clinic, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Martin, Slovakia
Benca-Kapitánová Karolína, MUDr, PhD
UVEA Eye Clinic s. r. o., Martin, Slovakia
Vida Rastislav, MUDr
UVEA Eye Clinic s. r. o., Martin, Slovakia
Bartoš Vladimír, MUDr, PhD
Martin´s Biopsy Centre, Ltd., Martin, Slovakia

Abstract

Background


The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the association of the Bcl-2 protein, Ki-67 antigen expression and the apoptotic index with biological behaviour of basal cell carcinoma.


Methods


Combined analysis of retrospective and prospective study of data from two centres over a period of years 2008–2023 on histologically confirmed basal cell carcinoma without any age limitation. Selected prognostic markers related to the aggressive or non-aggressive tumour types were evaluated.


Results


The study cohort included 66 patients with 68 basal cell carcinomas of the eyelids (n = 68). The median age was 68 years. Resection margins < 2 mm were in 33.9 %, without any connection to recurrence rate (p = 0.076). Average value of Bcl-2 expression in non-aggressive types was 82.65 % (p = 0.000). The value of Ki-67 expression in patients with non-aggressive tumours amounted to 35.49 % (p = 0.068). Non-aggressive tumours most frequently exhibited the apoptotic index of Grade I (p = 0.535). No Grade III case was observed in the aggressive types. In two cases, the orbital exenteration was carried out (0.03 %). In one case was administered biological therapy. HDR brachytherapy was applied in 6 cases. A recurrence of the disease was observed in 4 cases (0.06 %).


Conclusion


New information on cancer biomarkers in basal cell carcinoma contribute to choosing a correct therapy with achieving good aesthetic results and a good survival rate. 


Key words: Bcl-2 protein, Ki-67 antigen, apoptotic index, basal cell carcinoma, onco-ophthalmology

Keywords: Bcl-2 protein, Ki-67 antigen, apoptotic index, basal cell carcinoma, onco-ophthalmology

Article Details

How to Cite
ZUZANA, Prídavková et al. Role of Bcl-2, Apoptotic Index, and Ki-67 Expression in Basal Cell Carcinoma and their Association with Aggressive and Non- Aggressive Histological Phenotypes. Medical Research Archives, [S.l.], v. 12, n. 7, july 2024. ISSN 2375-1924. Available at: <https://esmed.org/MRA/mra/article/view/5598>. Date accessed: 21 dec. 2024. doi: https://doi.org/10.18103/mra.v12i7.5598.
ABNT APA BibTeX CBE EndNote - EndNote format (Macintosh & Windows) MLA ProCite - RIS format (Macintosh & Windows) RefWorks Reference Manager - RIS format (Windows only) Turabian
Issue
Vol 12 No 7 (2024): Vol 12 No 7 (2024): July issue
Section
Research Articles

The Medical Research Archives grants authors the right to publish and reproduce the unrevised contribution in whole or in part at any time and in any form for any scholarly non-commercial purpose with the condition that all publications of the contribution include a full citation to the journal as published by the Medical Research Archives.

 

References

1. Diepgen TL, Mahler V. The epidemiology of skin cancer. British Journal of Dermatology 2002 Apr;146(s61):1–6.
2. Wong CS, Strange RC, Lear JT. Basal cell carcinoma. BMJ 2003 Oct 4;327(7418):794-8.
3. Tilli CM, Van Steensel MA, Krekels GA et al. Molecular aetiology and pathogenesis of basal cell carcinoma. Br J Dermatol 2005 Jun;152(6):1108-24.
4. Quazi SJ, Aslam N, Saleem H et al. Surgical Margin of Excision in Basal Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review of Literature. Cureus 2020 Jul 15;12(7):e9211.
5. Furdová A, Horkovičová K, Babál P et al. Nemelanómové nádory kože mihalníc a vnútorného kútika - bazocelulárny karcinóm [Non-melanotic Tumors of the Eyelids Skin and Inner Corner - Basocellular Carcinoma]. Cesk Slov Oftalmol. 2015 Winter;71(6):293-301. Czech.
6. Trager MH, Geskin LJ, Samie FH, Liu L. Biomarkers in melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer prevention and risk stratification. Exp Dermatol. 2022 Jan;31(1):4-12.
7. Ashkenazi A, Fairbrother WJ, Leverson JD et al. From basic apoptosis discoveries to advanced selective BCL-2 family inhibitors. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2017 Apr;16(4):273-284.
8. Yerebakan O, Ciftçioglu MA, Akkaya BK, Yilmaz E. Prognostic value of Ki-67, CD31 and epidermal growth factor receptor expression in basal cell carcinoma. J Dermatol. 2003 Jan;30(1):33-41.
9. Staibano S, Lo Muzio L, Pannone G et al. Interaction between bcl-2 and P53 in neoplastic progression of basal cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Anticancer Res. 2001 Nov-Dec;21(6A):3757-64.
10. Bumpous JM, Padhya TA, Barnett SN. Basal cell carcinoma of the head and neck: identification of predictors of recurrence. Ear Nose Throat J. 2000 Mar;79(3):200-2, 204.
11. Kim DP, Kus KJB, Ruiz E. Basal Cell Carcinoma Review. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 2019 Feb;33(1):13-24.
12. Národný onkologický register | www.noisk.sk [Internet]. www.noisk.sk. [cited 2024 Apr 18]. Available from: http://www.noisk.sk/narodny-onkologicky-register/epidemiologia-nadorovych-ochoreni-na-slovensku
13. Silverman N, Shinder R. What's New in Eyelid Tumors. Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila). 2017 Mar-Apr;6(2):143-152.
14. Ciążyńska M, Kamińska-Winciorek G, Lange D et al. The incidence and clinical analysis of non-melanoma skin cancer [published correction appears in Sci Rep. 2021 Jul 28;11(1):15705]. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):4337.
15. Watt TC, Inskip PD, Stratton K et al. Radiation-related risk of basal cell carcinoma: a report from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2012;104(16):1240-1250.
16. Furdova A, Lukacko P. Periocular Basal Cell Carcinoma Predictors for Recurrence and Infiltration of the Orbit. J Craniofac Surg. 2017;28(1):e84-e87.
17. Malhotra R, Huilgol SC, Huynh NT, Selva D. The Australian Mohs database, part II: periocular basal cell carcinoma outcome at 5-year follow-up. Ophthalmology. 2004;111(4):631-636.
18. Marcil I, Stern RS. Risk of developing a subsequent nonmelanoma skin cancer in patients with a history of nonmelanoma skin cancer: a critical review of the literature and meta-analysis. Arch Dermatol. 2000;136(12):1524-1530.
19. Revenga F, Paricio JF, Vázquez MM, Del Villar V. Risk of subsequent non-melanoma skin cancer in a cohort of patients with primary basal cell carcinoma. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2004;18(4):514-515.
20. Yuan Z, Dewson G, Czabotar PE, Birkinshaw RW. VDAC2 and the BCL-2 family of proteins. Biochem Soc Trans. 2021;49(6):2787-2795.
21. Ramezani M, Mohamadzaheri E, Khazaei S, et al. Comparison of EMA, CEA, CD10 and Bcl-2 Biomarkers by Immunohistochemistry in Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Basal Cell Carcinoma of the Skin. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2016;17(3):1379-1383.
22. N Sivrikoz O, Kandiloğlu G. The Effects of Cyclin D1 and Bcl-2 Expressıon on Aggressive Behavior in Basal Cell and Basosquamous Carcinoma. Iran J Pathol. 2015;10(3):185-191.
23. Puizina-Ivić N, Sapunar D, Marasović D, Mirić L. An overview of Bcl-2 expression in histopathological variants of basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, actinic keratosis and seborrheic keratosis. Coll Antropol. 2008;32 Suppl 2:61-65.
24. Healy E, Angus B, Lawrence CM, Rees JL. Prognostic value of Ki67 antigen expression in basal cell carcinomas. Br J Dermatol. 1995;133(5):737-741
25. Janisson-Dargaud D, Durlach A, Lorenzato M et al. Aneuploidy, but not Ki-67 or EGFR expression, is associated with recurrences in basal cell carcinoma. J Cutan Pathol. 2008;35(10):916-921.
26. Yerebakan O, Ciftçioglu MA, Akkaya BK, Yilmaz E. Prognostic value of Ki-67, CD31 and epidermal growth factor receptor expression in basal cell carcinoma. J Dermatol. 2003;30(1):33-41.
27. Newlands C, Currie R, Memon A, Whitaker S, Woolford T. Non-melanoma skin cancer: United Kingdom National Multidisciplinary Guidelines. J Laryngol Otol. 2016;130(S2):S125-S132.
28. Thomson J, Hogan S, Leonardi-Bee J, Williams HC, Bath-Hextall FJ. Interventions for basal cell carcinoma of the skin. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020;11(11):CD003412. Published 2020 Nov 17.
29. Furdová A, Lukačko P, Lederleitner D. HDR 192Ir brachyterapia v liečbe bazocelulárneho karcinómu dolnej mihalnice a vnútorného kútika oka - naše skúsenosti [HDR 192Ir brachytherapy in treatment of basal cell carcinoma of the lower eyelid and inner angle - our experience]. Cesk Slov Oftalmol. 2013;69(2):75-79.
30. Madan V, Lear JT, Szeimies RM. Non-melanoma skin cancer. Lancet. 2010;375(9715):673-685.
31. Pricl S, Cortelazzi B, Dal Col V, et al. Smoothened (SMO) receptor mutations dictate resistance to vismodegib in basal cell carcinoma. Mol Oncol. 2015;9(2):389-397.
32. Bakshi A, Chaudhary SC, Rana M, Elmets CA, Athar M. Basal cell carcinoma pathogenesis and therapy involving hedgehog signaling and beyond. Mol Carcinog. 2017;56(12):2543-2557.
33. Kuonen F, Huskey NE, Shankar G, et al. Loss of Primary Cilia Drives Switching from Hedgehog to Ras/MAPK Pathway in Resistant Basal Cell Carcinoma. J Invest Dermatol. 2019;139(7):1439-1448.
34. Sekulic A, Migden MR, Lewis K, et al. Pivotal ERIVANCE basal cell carcinoma (BCC) study: 12-month update of efficacy and safety of vismodegib in advanced BCC. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2015;72(6):1021-6.e8.