Bacteria related to health public in the air dust and precipitate outdoors of Morelia, Michoacán, México

Abstract

The air outside contains suspended dust particles to which due to the adherent microorganisms, it causes respiratory health problems and a potential adhering of enteric pathogens in humans. In suspended or precipitated dust these microorganisms survive depending on the environmental conditions: solar radiation, temperature and rain. The objectives of this research were to analyze Gram-positive and enteric bacteria in suspended and precipitated dust from outdoor air in sites with high and low influx of people in Morelia city. Vacuum pump techniques and surface dust collection were used in October to December 2017 at 9 am and 2 pm in the Independence market, Valladolid Squared, City Hall, Ocolusen garden and gardens of the UMSNH. The results indicated the existence of various genera and species of Gram-positive bacteria: Staphylococcus epidermis, Streptococcus faecalis, Bacillus cereus, as well as, genera and species of Gram-negative bacteria: Escherichia coli, Citrobacter freundii mainly in the dust precipitated from the outside air, regardless of the intensity of solar radiation and time of day. The common presence of S. epidermis, S. faecalis and E. coli, it is because wind, that is one of the ways in which these microorganisms are mobilized and this support the need for basic sanitary measures to avoid contamination of food and beverages that compromise the health of human beings circulating in these areas. In that sense sanitary authorities must reinforce public measures to prevent health problems associated with suspended and precipitate dust in Morelia city.