Assessing the impact of age management tools on the long-term sustainable unemployment rate (NAIRU) countries with recommendations for healthy and active population aging in the Czech Republic and selected Eurozone countries

Main Article Content

Emilie Jasova

Abstract

The article uses the concept of age management to map the impact of active and healthy ageing of the population on the sustainability of economic and social prosperity of the Czech Republic and selected countries of the Eurozone. The ageing of society requires a change in the understanding of the elderly. In addition to the protection of older citizens, the sustainability of employment of older people should be actively promoted, e.g. by taking into account the latest age management trends in labour processes and the labour market. The results of desk research in the international and domestic literature have recommended the application of the age management principle in the form of the concept of work ability. The theoretical indicator Non-Accelerating Inflation Rate of Unemployment has emerged as a priority area of influence of age management measures on published labour market indicators. Regression analysis was applied to confirm these conclusions on data from the Czech Republic and selected Eurozone countries. The analysis confirms, for example, an above-average desirable effect on the theoretical unemployment rate for the cancer screening indicator. In the age group 25-49, both men and women with less than primary education were included. Foreign experience recommends labour market reform to increase productivity in the Eurozone, focusing primarily on workforce training. The theoretical-empirical conclusions emphasize the necessity of a balanced connection of labor market policy and health care for the prevention and maintenance of work ability, for the reduction of structural unemployment, for the prevention of early retirement and for the promotion of mental health at the workplace.

Keywords: Healthy and active aging of population, Population aging, age management, work ability, WAI, regression analysis, non-inflationary unemployment rate

Article Details

How to Cite
JASOVA, Emilie. Assessing the impact of age management tools on the long-term sustainable unemployment rate (NAIRU) countries with recommendations for healthy and active population aging in the Czech Republic and selected Eurozone countries. Medical Research Archives, [S.l.], v. 12, n. 10, oct. 2024. ISSN 2375-1924. Available at: <https://esmed.org/MRA/mra/article/view/5684>. Date accessed: 05 dec. 2024. doi: https://doi.org/10.18103/mra.v12i10.5684.
Section
Research Articles

References

1. Adams, J.; Greig, M. and R.W. McQuaid. 2002. Mismatch in Local Labour Markets in Central: The Neglected Role of Demand. Urban Studies, Vol. 39, No. 8, pp. 1399-1416, Published by: Sage Publications, Ltd. URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/43196928

2. Baily, M. N.; Tobin,J.; Holt, Ch.; Wachter, M.; Tobin, J.; Juster, T.; Friedman, B.; Perry, G.; Hall, R.; Okun, A.; Feldstein, M.; Duesenberry, J. and R.J. Gordon. 1977. Macroeconomic Effects of Selective Public Employment and Wage Subsidies. Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Vol. 1977, No. 2, pp. 511-544, Published by: Brookings Institution Press URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/2534409

3. Ball, L. and N.G. Mankiw. 2002. The NAIRU in Theory and Practice. The Journal of Economic Perspectives, Vol. 16, No. 4, pp. 115-136, Published by: American Economic Association URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/3216917

4. Belman, D. and P. J. Wolfson. 2014. Chapter Title: Labor Force Participation Rates, Unemployment, and Vacancies. Book Title: What Does the Minimum Wage Do? Published by: W.E. Upjohn Institute. URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctvh4zgf2.13

5. Bell, D.N.F. and D.G. Blanchflower. 2018. The Lack of Wage Growth and the Falling NAIRU. National Institute Economic Review, No. 245, pp. R40-R55, Published by: Cambridge University Press URL:https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/48562312

6. Birgisdóttir, K.H. and T.L. Ásgeirsdóttir. 2017. Macroeconomic conditions and population health in Iceland. Demographic Research, Vol. 37, pp. 769-852 Published by: Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Wissenschaften URL: http://www.jstor.com/stable/26332212

7. Blanchard, O.J.; Diamond, P.; Hall, R.E. and Yellen, J. 1989. The Beveridge Curve. Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Vol. 1989, No., pp. 1-76, Published by: Brookings Institution Press URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/2534495

8. Blekesaune, M. 2012. Job insecurity and sickness absence: Correlations between attrition and absence in 36 occupational groups. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, Vol. 40, No. 7, pp. 668-673, Published by: Sage Publications, Ltd. URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/45150613

9. Bol, T.; Eller, Ch. C.; van de Werfhorst, H.G. and T.A. DiPrete. 2019. School-to-Work Linkages, Educational Mismatches, and Labor Market Outcomes. American Sociological Review, Vol. 84, No. 2, pp. 275-307, Published by: American Sociological Association URL:https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/48595812

10. Boockmann, B. and S. Steffes. 2010. Workers, Firmas, or Institutions: What Determines Job Duration for Male Employees in Germany? ILR Review, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 109-127, Published by Sage Publications, Inc. Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/20789057

11. Brunello, G.; Lupi, C. and P. Ordine. P. 2000. Regional Disparities and the Italian NAIRU. Oxford Economic Papers, Vol. 52, No. 1, Special Issue on Unemployment Dynamics and the Natural Rate, pp. 146-177, Published by: Oxford University Press URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/3488747

12. Burgard, S.A. and L. Kalousova. 2015. Annual Review of Sociology, Vol. 41, pp. 181-201, Published by: Annual Reviews URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/24807595

13. Burgard, S.A.; Ailshire, J.A. and L. Kalousova. 2013. The Great Recession and Health: People, Populations, and Disparities. Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Vol. 650, The Effects of the Great Recession, pp. 194-213, Published by: Sage Publications, Inc. in association with the American Academy of Political and Social Science URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/24541682

14. Carmen de la Cámara. 2003. Assessment of Employment Policies in Poland. Eastern European Economics. Vol. 41, No. 3, pp. 29-59, Published by: Taylor & Francis, Ltd. URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/4380338

15. Cimbálníková, L.; Fukan, J.; Lazarová, B.; Navrátilová, D.; Novotný, P.; Odrazilová, R.; Palán, Z.; Rabušicová, M.; Rajmonová, M.; Řeháková, L. and I. Štorová. 2015. Age Management for working with the target group 50+: Methodological guide. Association of Adult Education Institutions of the Czech Republic, ESF Project "Age Management Strategy in the Czech Republic" (registration number CZ.1.04/5.1.01/51.00079) within the OP Human Resources and Employment. ISBN 978-80-904531-5-9

16. Daly, M.C.; Hobijn, B.; Şahin, A. and R.G. Valletta. 2012. Unemployment Rise? The Journal of Economic Perspectives, Vol. 26, No. 3, pp. 3-26, Published by: American Economic Association URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/41581129

17. Dangol, J. and S. Chitrakar. 2021. Challenges of COVID-19 for Fair Trade enterprises in attaining Sustainable Development Goals 2030. Journal of Fair Trade, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 44-53, Published by: Pluto Journals URL:https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.13169/jfairtrade.3.1.0044

18. De-Chih Liu. 2021. the Unemployment Invariance Hypothesis. Hitotsubashi Journal of Economics, Vol. 62, No. 2, pp. 178-199, Published by: Hitotsubashi University URL:https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/27084658

19. Dobeš, J.; Formusková, J.; Kostelníková, M.; Kříž, J.; Pokorný, B. and I. Štorová. 2022. Project Work Ability Management No. 2020-1-CZ01-KA204-078204 Erasmus+ Programme Kex Action 2 Strategic Partnerships for Adult Education

20. Dobeš, J.; Formusková, J.; Kostelníková, M.; Kříž, J.; Pokorný, B. and I. Štorová. 2021. Project Work Ability Management No. 2020-1-CZ01-KA204-078204 Erasmus+ Key Action 2 Strategic Partnerships for Adult Learning

21. Eriksson, T. and J. Ortega. 2006. The Adoption of Job Rotaton: Testing the Theories. ILR Review, Vol. 59, No. 4, pp. 653-666, Published by: Sage Publications, Inc. URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/25067562

22. Esteban Sánchez, P. and S. Benito-Hernández. 2015. CSR Policies: Effects on Labour Productivity in Spanish Micro and Small Manufacturing Companies. Journal of Business Ethics, Vol. 128, No. 4, Special Issue on The 25th EBEN Annual Conference in Barcelona, pp. 705-724, Published by: Springer URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/24702900

23. Eurostat, 2023. Data downloaded on 19 January 2024

24. EViews. 2013. EViews Version 7 Help Topics

25. Fabiani, S. and R. Mestre. 2000. Alternative measures of the NAIRU in the euro area: estimates and assessment. ECB WP

26. Fitzenberger, B.; Osikominu, A. and R. Voelter. 2008. Get Training or Wait? Long-Run Employment Effects of Training Programs for the Unemployed in West Germany. Annales d'Économie et de Statistique, No. 91/92, Econometric Evaluation of Public, Policies: Methods and Applications, pp. 321-355, Published by: GENES on behalf of ADRES URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/27917250

27. Gordon, R.J. and J.H. Stock. 1998. Foundations of the Goldilocks Economy: Supply Shocks and the Time-Varying NAIRU. Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Vol. 1998, No. 2, pp. 297- 346, Published by: Brookings Institution Press Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/2534696

28. Gould, R.; Ilmarinen, J.; Jarvisalo, J. and S. Koskinen. 2008. Dimensions of Work Ability: Result of the Health 2000 Survey 2008. Helsinki. [cited 2023-04-21]. Available from https://sivusto.kykyviisari.fi/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Gould-Dimensions-of-work-ability.pdf

29. Humphrey, T. M. 1985. The early history of the PHILLIPS CURVE. Economic Review. Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond

30. Husaříková, L.; Slováčková, M.; Spáčil, P. and J. Šulák. 2021. Assessing the level of work ability of employees in the Czech Republic. Initial analysis and identification of risk sectors. Confederation of Industry and Transport of the Czech Republic. TREXIMA

31. Ilmarinen, J. 2006. Towards a longer worklife! Ageing and the quality of worklife in the European Union. Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Ministry of Social Affairs and Health, Helsinki

32. Ilmarinen, J. and K. Tuomi. 2004. Past, present and future of work ability. In Ilmarinen J, Lehtinen S, eds. Past, Present and Future of Work Ability. Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, People and Work, Research Reports 65, Helsinki, pp. 1-25.

33. Jašová, E. 2023. The Non-Accelerating Inflation Rate of Unemployment as an alternative to the Non-Accelerating Inflation Rate of Unemployment for the period of the COVID-19 pandemic: the example of the industries of the Czech Republic. Engineering Economics-Engineering Economics

34. Jasova, E. and B. Kadeřábková. 2019. Political Economy, University of Economics in Prague, Oeconomica Publishing House, Prague, 2/2019, ISSN 0032-3233

35. Jašová, E. 2016. The concept and methods of estimating the NAIRU and the labour market business cycle in the Visegrad Group countries. Dissertation. Faculty of Economics, University of Economics in Prague

36. Jasova, E. and B. Kadeřábková. 2012. Comparing NAIRU and Economic Cycle from the Perspective of Labour Market in the Countries of the Visegrad Group. Economic Studies journal, Bulgarian Academy of Scienties,p. 3-23, Sofia, Issue 4, volume XXI, ISSN 0205-3292. Bulgaria

37. Järvikoski, A.; Härkäpää, K. and S. Mannila. 2001. Moniulotteinen työkykykäsitys ja työkykyäylläpitävä toiminta [Multidimensional work ability concept and maintenance of work ability]. Kuntoutus 2001(3):3-11

38. Jovanović, N.M. 2012. Is the Eurozone Rescue Strategy Tantamount to the Rearrangement of the Deckchairs on the Titanic? Journal of Economic Integration , Vol. 27, No. 1, pp. 33-79, Published by: Center for Economic Integration, Sejong University URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/41473731

39. Kondo, N.; Rostila, M. and M. Å. Yngwe. 2014. Rising inequality in mortality among working-age men and women in Sweden: a nationalregistry-based repeated cohort study, 1990-2007. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health (1979-), Vol. 68, No. 12, pp. 1145-1150, Published by: BMJ URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/43282059

40. Korver, T.; Peter R.A. and T.R. Oeij. 2006. Covenants, External Effects and Employability. The European Journal of Social Quality, Vol. 6, No. 1, The European Social Model and European Values - Issues of Convergence and Divergence, pp. 50-81 Published by: Berghahn Books URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/23971871

41. Kovacheva, S.; Jacovkis, J.; Startari, S. and A. Siri. 2020. Chapter Title: Are lifelong learning policies working for youth? Young people's voices. Book Title: Lifelong Learning Policies for Young Adults in Europe Book Subtitle: Navigating between Knowledge and Economy, Published by: Bristol University Press, Policy Press. URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctvt6rk3z.14

42. Lafontaine, F. and K. Shaw. 2016. Serial Entrepreneurship. Journal of Labor Economics, Vol. 34, No. S2, Part 2: Special Issue in Honor of Edward P. Lazear, pp. S217-S254, Published by: The University of Chicago Press on behalf of the Society of Labor Economists and the NORC at the University of Chicago URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/26553245

43. Layard, R. and Ch. Bean. 1989. Why Does Unemployment Persist? The Scandinavian Journal of Economics, Vol. 91, No. 2, 90th Anniversary Symposium: Whither Macroeconomics?, pp. 371-396. Published by: Wiley on behalf of The Scandinavian Journal of Economics URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/3440117

44. Madrick, J. 2007. Demand-Led Growth, Government Intervention, and Public Investment: Broadening the Policy Choices for America. Challenge, Vol. 50, No. 6, pp. 51-90, Published by: Taylor & Francis, Ltd. URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/40722482

45. Malamud, O. and C. Pop-Eleches. 2010 General Education versus Vocational Training: Evidence from an Economy in Transition. The Review of Economics and Statistics, Vol. 92, No. 1, pp. 43-60, Published by: The MIT Press Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/25651389

46. McAdam, P. and K. McMorrow. 1999. The NAIRU Concept - Measurement uncertainties, hysteresis and economic policy role. European Economy - Economic Papers, n. 136. Brussels: European Commission.

47. Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs. 2023. Action Plan to implement the Strategic Framework for Preparing for an Ageing Society 2023-2025. https://www.mpsv.cz/web/cz/akcni-plan-k-naplneni-strategickeho-ramce-pripravy-na-starnuti-spolecnosti-na-obdobi-2023-2025

48. Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs. 2023a. Strategie rodinné politiky 2024-2030. https://www.mpsv.cz/documents/20142/225508/Strategie+rodinn%C3%A9+politiky+2024-2030.pdf/f256340c-9229-a4de-6f0a-90f7ad343fef

49. Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs. 2021. Strategic framework for preparing for an ageing society 2021-2025 https://www.mpsv.cz/documents/20142/372809/Strategicky_ramec_pripravy_na_starnuti_spolecnosti_2021-2025.pdf/99bc6a48-abcf-e555-c291-1005da36d02e

50. Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs of the Czech Republic. 2020. Strategic framework of employment policy until 2030. https://www.mpsv.cz/strategicky-ramec-politiky-zamestnanosti-do-roku-2030

51. Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs of the Czech Republic. 2014. National Action Plan to Promote Positive Ageing for the period 2013 to 2017 Updated version as of 31.12.2014. Available at https://www.mpsv.cz/documents/20142/372809/NAP_311214.pdf/0cc270fa-dbf9-fcd5-93d6-5e7b0e9376b2.

52. Nielsen, K.J.; Lander, F. and J.M. Lauritsen. 2015. The relationship between macroeconomic and industry-specific business cycle indicators and work-related injuries among Danish construction workers. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Vol. 72, No. 4, pp. 271-276, Published by: BMJ URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/43870049

53. Noelke, C. and D. Horn. 2014. Social Transformation and the Transition from Vocational Education to Work in Hungary: A Differences-in-differences Approach. European Sociological Review, Vol. 30, No. 4, pp. 431-443, Published by: Oxford University Press URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/24479905

54. Ólafsdóttir, T.; Hrafnkelsson, B. and T.L. Ásgeirsdóttir. 2015. The Icelandic economic collapse, smoking, and the role of labour-market changes. The European Journal of Health Economics, Vol. 16, No. 4, pp. 391-405, Published by: Springer URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/24773939

55. Patrick, A. and L. Minford. 1993. Has Labour Market Economics Achieved a Synthesis? Reviewed Work(s): Unemployment by Richard Layard, Steven Nickell and Richard Jackman: Europe's Unemployment Problem by Jacques Drèze and Charles Bean Reviewed by: Source: The Economic Journal, Vol. 103, No. 419, pp. 1050-1056, Published by: Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Economic Society URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/2234721

56. Pissarides, Ch.; Layard, R. and H. Hellwig. 1986. Unemployment and Vacancies in Britain. Economic Policy, Vol. 1, No. 3, pp. 499-559, Published by: Oxford University Press on behalf of the Centre for Economic Policy Research, Centre for Economic Studies, CESifo Group, and the Maison des Sciences de l'Homme URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/1344583

57. Poloski Vokic, N.; Klindzic, M. and T. Hernaus. 2018. Changing HRM practices in Croatia. Journal of East European Management Studies, Vol. 23, No. 2, pp. 323-344, Published by: Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/26617424

58. Rohmert, W. and J.E. Rutenfranz. 1983. Praktische Arbeitsphysiologie. Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, New York, p. 5-29

59. Sharpe, A. and T.C. Sargent. 2000. Structural Aspects of Unemployment in Canada: Introduction and Overview. Canadian Public Policy / Analyse de Politiques, Vol. 26, Supplement: Structural Aspects of Unemployment in Canada, pp. S1-S5, Published by: University of Toronto Press on behalf of Canadian Public Policy URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/3552500

60. Shugan, S.M. 2007. Does Good Marketing Cause Bad Unemployment? Marketing Science, Vol. 26, No. 1, pp. 1-17, Published by: INFORMS URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/40057070

61. Simonazzi, A. 2003. Innovation and growth: supply and demand factors in the recent US expansion. Cambridge Journal of Economics, Vol. 27, No. 5, pp. 647-669, Published by: Oxford University Press URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/23602114

62. Stansbury, A. and L.H. Summers. The Declining Worker Power Hypothesis. Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, pp. 1-77, Published by: Brookings Institution Press URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/26996621

63. Steel, R. P.; Griffeth, R. W.; Hom, P. W. and D.M. Lyons. 2002. Practical Retention Policy for the Practical Manager [and Executive Commentary. The Academy of Management Executive (1993-2005), Vol. 16, No. 2, Theme: Achieving Competitive Advantage, pp. 149-164, Published by: Academy of Management URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/4165849

64. Storm, S. and W.M.C. Naastepad. 2016. Myths, Mix-ups, and Mishandlings.International Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 45, No. 1, pp. 46-71. Published by: Taylor & Francis, Ltd. URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/48539440

65. Tobin, J. 1997. Supply Constraints on Employment and Output: NAIRU versus Natural Rate. Cowles Foundation Paper 1150. Yale University, New Haven

66. Charles University, AIVD ČR, z.s. 2017. Age managemnt Uuptake. Intellectual Output 1. Project Name: Age Management Uptake; Project No.: 2017-1 SK01-KA204-035420 https://www.dataplan.info/img_upload/7bdb1584e3b8a53d337518d988763f8d/akcni-plan-prevence-domaciho-a-genderove-podmineneho-nasili-na-leta-2019-2022.pdf

67. Vandenberghe, V.; Waltenberg, F. and M. Rigo. 2013. Ageing and employability. Evidence from Belgian firm-level data. Journal of Productivity Analysis, Vol. 40, No. 1, pp. 111-136, Published by: Springer Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/43550102

68. Vigezzi, S. and C. Strozza. 2024. Differences in mortality before retirement. Demographic Research, Vol. 50, pp. 515-546, Published by: Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Wissenschaften, URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/48766152

Source: own calculation based on Eurostat data