Abstract
The goal of the present work was to map Estonian primary school students' ratings of symptoms of digital addiction and to determine both class and gender differences. The sample included 5493 primary school pupils from 46 schools in Estonia participating in the 2022 Student Survey conducted by the Centre for Educational Innovation at Tallinn University. The results indicated that the digital addiction symptoms scores were highest among 8th and 9th graders. Girls and those students who did not disclose their gender, scored higher than boys on digital addiction symptom statements. Symptoms of digital addiction showed a moderate positive correlation with screen time on both school days and weekends, as well as with school burnout. There was a weak negative correlation between digital addiction symptoms and feeling refreshed in the morning. Since only a relatively small group of students showed a few symptoms of digital addiction and maintained a healthy pattern of using digital devices, policymakers need to develop digital addiction prevention measures or programs within the educational system.