Abstract
Background. Left ventricular (LV) endocardial lead implantation is feasible for cardiac resynchronization therapy when conventional implantation fails due to anatomical or technical issues or when venous implantation is performed but the patient does not respond to therapy.
Methods. Data, including age, sex, clinical characteristics, anticoagulant use, previous device implantations, indications, technique used, lead model, complications, and clinical and echocardiographic outcomes as well as electrical LV lead measurements were analysed for all patients who underwent endocardial LV lead implantation for biventricular pacing due to failed conventional implantation or nonresponse between April 2011 and April 2022.
Results. An active endocardial LV lead was implanted in 55 patients during the study period, without significant complications. No dislodgments or severe complications related to the implantation procedure occurred during the follow-up period (64±35 months), and a high percentage of patients responded to therapy, as assessed by several indicators.
Conclusions. Endocardial LV lead implantation is feasible when the conventional technique fails or is not effective. Most patients responded to the therapy without significant complications.