The Relationship between Migraine and Cognition: A Narrative Review in Indian Context
Main Article Content
Abstract
In the Indian context, migraines are prevalent and are often associated with cognitive deficiencies, including issues with memory, attention, and executive functioning. This narrative review examines the significant cognitive effects of migraines. As a neuro-inflammatory disorder, migraines can greatly impact daily functioning, productivity, and overall quality of life, particularly among women and young adults. The manuscript presents key studies indicating that individuals with migraines experience impairments in executive function, processing speed, and visual-spatial memory. These impairments tend to correlate with the frequency and intensity of headaches. Neuroimaging studies have revealed cortical thinning and white matter abnormalities in patients suffering from chronic migraines, which may contribute to cognitive decline. Furthermore, the cognitive effects of migraines may be exacerbated by specific socioeconomic challenges in India, such as unequal access to healthcare and education, making diagnosis and treatment more challenging. The review also identifies various environmental and cultural triggers for migraines in India, including stress and dietary factors, which may differ from those in other regions. These findings underscore the importance of adapting existing research and treatment approaches—often based on studies conducted in other countries—to the unique context of India. The lack of large-scale, longitudinal studies and neuroimaging data specific to the Indian population highlights critical research gaps that need to be addressed to understand the long-term cognitive consequences of migraines in this demographic. The review advocates for comprehensive neuropsychological assessments and culturally sensitive treatments tailored to the Indian population. By addressing these gaps, we can develop customized healthcare interventions that offer hope for improving both the quality of life and cognitive health of migraine sufferers in India.
Keywords:
Migraine, Cognitive Impairment, Memory, Attention, Executive, Function, Indian Population
Article Details
How to Cite
CHOUDHARY, Arbind Kumar.
The Relationship between Migraine and Cognition: A Narrative Review in Indian Context.
Medical Research Archives, [S.l.], v. 12, n. 11, nov. 2024.
ISSN 2375-1924.
Available at: <https://esmed.org/MRA/mra/article/view/6011>. Date accessed: 12 dec. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.18103/mra.v12i11.6011.
Section
Review Articles
The Medical Research Archives grants authors the right to publish and reproduce the unrevised contribution in whole or in part at any time and in any form for any scholarly non-commercial purpose with the condition that all publications of the contribution include a full citation to the journal as published by the Medical Research Archives.
References
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2. Nappi RE, Tiranini L, Sacco S, De Matteis E, De Icco R, Tassorelli C. Role of estrogens in menstrual migraine. Cells. 2022;11(8):1355.
3. Faurot KR, Park J, Miller V, et al. Dietary fatty acids improve perceived sleep quality, stress, and health in migraine: a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial. Frontiers in Pain Research. 2023;4:1231054.
4. Sandalic D, Craig A, Arora M, et al. A prospective cohort study investigating contributors to mild cognitive impairment in adults with spinal cord injury: study protocol. BMC neurology. 2020;20:1-11.
5. Woldeamanuel YW, Cowan RP. Migraine affects 1 in 10 people worldwide featuring recent rise: a systematic review and meta-analysis of community-based studies involving 6 million participants. Journal of the neurological sciences. 2017;372:307-315.
6. Eigenbrodt AK, Ashina H, Khan S, et al. Diagnosis and management of migraine in ten steps. Nature Reviews Neurology. 2021;17(8):501-514.
7. Garg D, Mehndiratta MM, Wasay M, Aggarwal V. Air pollution and headache disorders. Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology. 2022;25(Suppl 1):S35-S40.
8. Dowson AJ. Assessing the impact of migraine. Current medical research and opinion. 2001;17(4):298-309.
9. Pryse-Phillips WE, Dodick DW, Edmeads JG, et al. Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of migraine in clinical practice. Cmaj. 1997;156(9):1273-1287.
10. Sastry AS, Kumar A, Pathak A, et al. The pattern of primary headache in the North India population: a hospital-based study. International Journal of Neuroscience. 2023;133(11):1262-1270.
11. Singla M, Brar J, Kale R, Kale S. Clinical profile of migraine in a rural population presenting to tertiary care hospital in North India. Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology. 2020;23(6):781-786.
12. Sudershan A, Pushap AC, Younis M, et al. Neuroepidemiology study of headache in the region of Jammu of north Indian population: A cross-sectional study. Frontiers in neurology. 2023;13:1030940.
13. Leonardi M, Martelletti P, Burstein R, et al. The World Health Organization Intersectoral Global Action Plan on Epilepsy and Other Neurological Disorders and the headache revolution: from headache burden to a global action plan for headache disorders. The Journal of Headache and Pain. 2024;25(1):4.
14. Raju S, Geetha S. Prevalence of migraine among medical students of a tertiary care teaching medical college and hospital in South India-A cross-sectional study. National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology. 2018;8(10):1377-1377.
15. Kulkarni GB, Rao GN, Gururaj G, Stovner LJ, Steiner TJ. Headache disorders and public ill-health in India: prevalence estimates in Karnataka State. The journal of headache and pain. 2015;16:1-7.
16. Kulkarni G, Rao G, Gururaj G, Subbakrishna D, Steiner T, Stovner L. EHMTI-0333. The prevalence and burden of migraine in india: results of a population-based study in Karnataka state. The Journal of Headache and Pain. 2014;15:1-1.
17. Zakirov F, Krasilnikov A. Age-related differences in decision-making process in the context of healthy aging. EDP Sciences; 2020:01022.
18. McGirr A, Nathan S, Ghahremani M, Gill S, Smith EE, Ismail Z. Progression to dementia or reversion to normal cognition in mild cognitive impairment as a function of late-onset neuropsychiatric symptoms. Neurology. 2022;98(21):e2132-e2139.
19. Crombie M, Dutt A, Dey P, Nandi R, Evans J. Examination of the validity of the ‘Papadum test’: an alternative to the clock drawing test for people with low levels of education. The Clinical Neuropsychologist. 2023;37(5):1025-1042.
20. McCollum L, Karlawish J. Cognitive impairment evaluation and management. Medical Clinics. 2020;104(5):807-825.
21. Ortega R, López V, Carrasco X, et al. Neurocognitive mechanisms underlying working memory encoding and retrieval in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. Scientific reports. 2020;10(1):7771.
22. Angelopoulou E, Drigas A. Working memory, attention and their relationship: A theoretical overview. Research, Society and Development. 2021;10(5):e46410515288-e46410515288.
23. Naveh-Benjamin M, Cowan N. The roles of attention, executive function and knowledge in cognitive ageing of working memory. Nature Reviews Psychology. 2023;2(3):151-165.
24. Hodgetts HM, Packwood S, Vachon F, Tremblay S. A microworld simulation of dynamic cognition as a test of executive function. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology. 2023;45(2):165-181.
25. Wallsten TS. Cognitive processes in choice and decision behavior. Taylor & Francis; 2024.
26. Keo A, Dzyubachyk O, Van Der Grond J, van Hilten JJ, Reinders MJ, Mahfouz A. Transcriptomic signatures associated with regional cortical thickness changes in parkinson’s disease. Frontiers in Neuroscience. 2021;15:733501.
27. Latysheva N, Filatova E, Osipova D, Danilov AB. Cognitive impairment in chronic migraine: a cross-sectional study in a clinic-based sample. Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria. 2020;78(3):133-138.
28. Gu L, Wang Y, Shu H. Association between migraine and cognitive impairment. The journal of headache and pain. 2022;23(1):88.
29. Tan S, Ho CESM, Teo YN, et al. Prevalence and incidence of stroke, white matter hyperintensities, and silent brain infarcts in patients with chronic heart failure: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression. Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine. 2022;9:967197.
30. Ashina S, Bentivegna E, Martelletti P, Eikermann-Haerter K. Structural and functional brain changes in migraine. Pain and therapy. 2021;10:211-223.
31. Zhang X, Huang Y, Xia Y, et al. Vestibular dysfunction is an important contributor to the aging of visuospatial ability in older adults–Data from a computerized test system. Frontiers in Neurology. 2022;13:1049806.
32. Chowdhury D, Datta D, Mundra A, Duggal A, Krishnan A. Interictal Dysfunctions of Attention, Vigilance, and Executive Functions in Migraine and Their Reversal by Preventive Treatment: A longitudinal Controlled Study. Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology. 2024:10.4103.
33. Gribbin CL, Dani KA, Tyagi A. Chronic migraine: An update on diagnosis and management. Neurology India. 2021;69(Suppl 1):S67-S75.
34. Sahithi AS, Muthu T, Saraswathy R. Migraine: Update and future perspectives. International Journal of Nutrition, Pharmacology, Neurological Diseases. 2020;10(4):179-187.
35. Tsai C-L, Chou K-H, Lee P-L, et al. Shared alterations in hippocampal structural covariance in subjective cognitive decline and migraine. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience. 2023;15:1191991.
36. Kim SJ, Lee DK, Jang YK, et al. The effects of longitudinal white matter hyperintensity change on cognitive decline and cortical thinning over three years. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2020;9(8):2663.
37. Vemuri P, Graff-Radford J, Lesnick TG, et al. White matter abnormalities are key components of cerebrovascular disease impacting cognitive decline. Brain communications. 2021;3(2):fcab076.
38. Goel K, Chhetri A, Ludhiadch A, Munshi A. Current update on categorization of migraine subtypes on the basis of genetic variation: a systematic review. Molecular Neurobiology. 2024;61(7):4804-4833.
39. Saran D, Sharma L, Bansal A, Kumar S, Rathore RS, Joshi P. Demographic Insights into Migraine Prevalence and a Cost-Effective Analysis of Various Prophylactic Medications. Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. 2023;22(4):187.
40. de Tommaso M, Vecchio E, Quitadamo SG, et al. Pain-related brain connectivity changes in migraine: a narrative review and proof of concept about possible novel treatments interference. Brain sciences. 2021;11(2):234.
41. Rahimi R, Dolatshahi M, Abbasi-Feijani F, et al. Microstructural white matter alterations associated with migraine headaches: a systematic review of diffusion tensor imaging studies. Brain Imaging and Behavior. 2022;16(5):2375-2401.
42. Weston-Green K, Clunas H, Jimenez Naranjo C. A review of the potential use of pinene and linalool as terpene-based medicines for brain health: discovering novel therapeutics in the flavours and fragrances of cannabis. Frontiers in psychiatry. 2021;12:583211.
43. Can Y, Uçaroğlu Can N, Akçay Ç, et al. Increased Cardio-ankle Vascular Index Values in Migraine Patients With Aura. Angiology. 2024:00033197241228043.
44. Apelbaum PN, Goulart AC, Santos IdS, Lotufo PA, Baena CP, Benseñor IJM. Migraine and arterial stiffness in the Brazilian longitudinal study of adult health: ELSA-Brasil. American journal of hypertension. 2020;33(5):458-464.
45. Conway ML, Ctori I. Cerebrovascular Function in Migraine Patients during, their Interictal Period, Compared to Normal Healthy Controls. Journal of Neurosonology and Neuroimaging. 2022;14(2):71-77.
46. Dzator JS, Howe PR, Wong RH. Profiling cerebrovascular function in migraine: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism. 2021;41(5):919-944.
47. Newman-Norlund RD, Rorden C, Maleki N, Patel M, Cheng B, Androulakis XM. Cortical and subcortical changes following sphenopalatine ganglion blocks in chronic migraine with medication overuse headache: a preliminary longitudinal study. Women's midlife health. 2020;6:1-8.
48. Del Moro L, Pirovano E, Rota E. Mind the Metabolic Gap: Bridging Migraine and Alzheimer's disease through Brain Insulin Resistance. Aging and Disease. 2024;
49. Øie LR, Kurth T, Gulati S, Dodick DW. Migraine and risk of stroke. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry. 2020;91(6):593-604.
50. Bonanno L, Lo Buono V, De Salvo S, et al. Brain morphologic abnormalities in migraine patients: an observational study. The Journal of Headache and Pain. 2020;21:1-6.
51. Gollion C. Cortical excitability in migraine: contributions of magnetic resonance imaging. Revue neurologique. 2021;177(7):809-815.
52. Filippi M, Messina R. The chronic migraine brain: what have we learned from neuroimaging? Frontiers in neurology. 2020;10:1356.
53. Pozo-Rosich P, Coppola G, Pascual J, Schwedt TJ. How does the brain change in chronic migraine? Developing disease biomarkers. Cephalalgia. 2021;41(5):613-630.
54. Mathew AA, Panonnummal R. Cortical spreading depression: culprits and mechanisms. Experimental brain research. 2022;240(3):733-749.
55. De Simone R, Sansone M, Russo C, Miele A, Stornaiuolo A, Braca S. The putative role of trigemino-vascular system in brain perfusion homeostasis and the significance of the migraine attack. Neurological Sciences. 2022;43(9):5665-5672.
56. Bailey TG, Klein T, Meneses AL, et al. Cerebrovascular function and its association with systemic artery function and stiffness in older adults with and without mild cognitive impairment. European Journal of Applied Physiology. 2022;122(8):1843-1856.
57. Agrawal S, Schneider JA. Vascular pathology and pathogenesis of cognitive impairment and dementia in older adults. Cerebral circulation-cognition and behavior. 2022;3:100148.
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