Use of Opioids for Chronic Noncancer Pain. A Recapitulation of the Science
Main Article Content
Abstract
.
Keywords:
chronic pain, opioid efficacy, opioid safety, opioid crisis, opioid trial design, CDC opioid guidelines, opioid dosage, opioid addiction
Article Details
How to Cite
NADEAU, Stephen E.; LAWHERN, Richard A..
Use of Opioids for Chronic Noncancer Pain. A Recapitulation of the Science.
Medical Research Archives, [S.l.], v. 13, n. 3, mar. 2025.
ISSN 2375-1924.
Available at: <https://esmed.org/MRA/mra/article/view/6412>. Date accessed: 06 apr. 2025.
doi: https://doi.org/10.18103/mra.v3i3.6412.
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References
1. Kolodny A, Bohler RM. Screened out — how a survey change sheds light on iatrogenic opioid use disorder. N Engl J Med. 2024;391:2183-4. Doi:10.1056/NEJMp2410911
2. Dowell D, Haegerich T, Chou R. CDC guideline for prescribing opioids for chronic pain — United States, 2016. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2016;65:1-49. Doi: 10.15585/mmwr.rr6501e1.
3. Dowell D, Ragan KR, Jones CM, Baldwin GT, Chou R. CDC clinical practice gudeline for prescribing opioids for pain — Unitest States, 2022. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2022;71(3):1-95. Doi:10.15585/mmwr.rr7103a1.
4. Nadeau SE, Wu JK, Lawhern RA. Opioids and chronic pain: an analytic review of the clinical evidence. Front Pain Res. 2021;2(721357). Doi:10.3389/fpain.2021.721357.
5. Aubry L, Carr BT. Overdose, opiate treatment admissions and prescription opioid pain reliever relationships: United States 2010-2019. Front Pain Res. 2022;3:884674. Doi: 10.3389/fpain.2022.884674.
6. Nadeau SE, Lawhern RA. Management of chronic non-cancer pain: a framework. Pain Manag. 2022;ePub(6):751-777. Doi:10.2217/pmt-2022-0017.
7. Kollas CD, Ruiz K, Laughlin A. Effectiveness of long-term opioid therapy for chronic pain in an outpatient palliative medicine clinic. J Palliat Med. 2024;27(1). Doi: 10.1089/jpm.2023.0251.
8. Nadeau SE, DelRocco NJ, Wu SS. Opioid trials: Time for a new approach. Enriched enrollment randomized gradual withdrawal designs. Pain Manag. 2022;12(3):243-247. Doi: 10.2217/pmt-2021-0112.
9. Oliva EM, Bowe T, Tavakoli S, et al. Development and applications of the Veterans Health Administration’s stratification tool for opioid risk mitigation (STORM) to improve opioid safety and prevent overdose and suicide. Psychol Serv. 2017;14(1):34-49. Doi:10.1037/ser0000099.
10. Brat GA, Agniel D, Beam A, et al. Postsurgical prescriptions for opioid naive patients and association with overdose and misuse: retrospective cohort study. BMJ. 2018;360:j5790. Doi:10.1136/bmj.j5790.
11. Irizarry E, Cho R, Williams A, et al. Frequency of persi2stent opioid use 6 months after exposure to IV opioids in the emergency department: a prospective cohort study. J Emergency Med. 2024; 67(2):e119-e227. Doi:10.1016/j.jemermed.2024.0 3.018.
12. Sun EC, Darnall BD, Baker E, Mackey S. Incidence of and risk factors for chronic opioid use among opioid-naive patients in the postoperative period. JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176:1286-1293. Doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2016.3298.
13. Higham S, Horwitz S. American Cartel. Inside the Battle to Bring Down the Opioid Industry. New York, Boston: Twelve; 2022.
14. Nadeau SE, Lawhern RA. The two opioid crises. Problems, causes, and potential solutions: an analytic review. Med Res Arch. 2023;11(12). Doi:10.18103/mra.v 11i12.4846.
15. Alam IZ, DiPrete BL, Pence BW, et al. Association between rapid opioid reduction or discontinuation and self-harm, suicide attempt, and suicide death among high-dose long-term opioid therapy patients in North Carolina, 2006-2018. Am J Epidemiol. 2024:kwae394. Doi:10.1093/aje/kwae 39410.1093/aje/kwae394.
16. Ashafioun L, Kane C, Bishop TM, Pigeon WR. The association of pain intensity and suicide attempts among patients initiating pain specialty services. J Pain. 2019;20(7):852-859. Doi:10.101 6/j.jpain.2019.01.012.
17. Steffens DC. Treatment-resistent depression in older results. N Engl J Med. 2024;390:630-639. Doi:10.1056/NEJMcp2305428.
18. Lawhern RA, Nadeau SE. Treating chronic pain and anxiety — a modest proposal. Med Res Arch. 2024;12(6). Doi:10.18103/mra.v12i6.5359.
19. Nadeau SE, Lawhern RA. Opioids: analgesia, euphoria, dysphoria, and oblivion: observations and a hypothesis. Med Res Arch. 2024;12(6):1-10. Doi:10.18103/mra.v12i6.5411.
20. Ochoa LA, Naeem F, White AJ, Bijur PE, Friedman BW. Opioid-induced euphoria among emergency department patients with acute severe pain: An analysis of data from a randomized yrial. Acad Emerg Med. 2020;27:1100-1105. Doi:10.111 1/acem.13946.
21. Friedman BW, Latev A, Campbell C, White D. Opioid-induced “likeability” and “feeling good” are not associated with return visits to an ED among migraine patients administered IV hydromorphone. Headache. 2018;58:750-754. Doi: 10.1111/head.1 3292.
22. Han B, Compton WM, Bianco C, Crane E, Lee JD, Jones CM. Prescription opioid use, misuse, and use disorders in U.S. adults: 2015 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Ann Intern Med. 2017;167:293-301. Doi:10.7326/M17-0865.
23. Lucas JW, Sohi I. Chronic pain and high-impact chronic pain among U.S. adults, 2023. In: National Center for Health Statistics NHIS, ed. NCHS Data Brief No.518. Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2024. https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/index.htm.
24. Zelaya CE, Dahlhamer JM, Lucas JW, Connor EM. Chronic pain and high-impact chronic pain among U.S. adults, 2019. In: National Center for Health Statistics NHIS, ed. NCHS Data Brief No. 390. Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2020.
https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/databriefs/db390-tables-508.pdf#1
2. Dowell D, Haegerich T, Chou R. CDC guideline for prescribing opioids for chronic pain — United States, 2016. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2016;65:1-49. Doi: 10.15585/mmwr.rr6501e1.
3. Dowell D, Ragan KR, Jones CM, Baldwin GT, Chou R. CDC clinical practice gudeline for prescribing opioids for pain — Unitest States, 2022. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2022;71(3):1-95. Doi:10.15585/mmwr.rr7103a1.
4. Nadeau SE, Wu JK, Lawhern RA. Opioids and chronic pain: an analytic review of the clinical evidence. Front Pain Res. 2021;2(721357). Doi:10.3389/fpain.2021.721357.
5. Aubry L, Carr BT. Overdose, opiate treatment admissions and prescription opioid pain reliever relationships: United States 2010-2019. Front Pain Res. 2022;3:884674. Doi: 10.3389/fpain.2022.884674.
6. Nadeau SE, Lawhern RA. Management of chronic non-cancer pain: a framework. Pain Manag. 2022;ePub(6):751-777. Doi:10.2217/pmt-2022-0017.
7. Kollas CD, Ruiz K, Laughlin A. Effectiveness of long-term opioid therapy for chronic pain in an outpatient palliative medicine clinic. J Palliat Med. 2024;27(1). Doi: 10.1089/jpm.2023.0251.
8. Nadeau SE, DelRocco NJ, Wu SS. Opioid trials: Time for a new approach. Enriched enrollment randomized gradual withdrawal designs. Pain Manag. 2022;12(3):243-247. Doi: 10.2217/pmt-2021-0112.
9. Oliva EM, Bowe T, Tavakoli S, et al. Development and applications of the Veterans Health Administration’s stratification tool for opioid risk mitigation (STORM) to improve opioid safety and prevent overdose and suicide. Psychol Serv. 2017;14(1):34-49. Doi:10.1037/ser0000099.
10. Brat GA, Agniel D, Beam A, et al. Postsurgical prescriptions for opioid naive patients and association with overdose and misuse: retrospective cohort study. BMJ. 2018;360:j5790. Doi:10.1136/bmj.j5790.
11. Irizarry E, Cho R, Williams A, et al. Frequency of persi2stent opioid use 6 months after exposure to IV opioids in the emergency department: a prospective cohort study. J Emergency Med. 2024; 67(2):e119-e227. Doi:10.1016/j.jemermed.2024.0 3.018.
12. Sun EC, Darnall BD, Baker E, Mackey S. Incidence of and risk factors for chronic opioid use among opioid-naive patients in the postoperative period. JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176:1286-1293. Doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2016.3298.
13. Higham S, Horwitz S. American Cartel. Inside the Battle to Bring Down the Opioid Industry. New York, Boston: Twelve; 2022.
14. Nadeau SE, Lawhern RA. The two opioid crises. Problems, causes, and potential solutions: an analytic review. Med Res Arch. 2023;11(12). Doi:10.18103/mra.v 11i12.4846.
15. Alam IZ, DiPrete BL, Pence BW, et al. Association between rapid opioid reduction or discontinuation and self-harm, suicide attempt, and suicide death among high-dose long-term opioid therapy patients in North Carolina, 2006-2018. Am J Epidemiol. 2024:kwae394. Doi:10.1093/aje/kwae 39410.1093/aje/kwae394.
16. Ashafioun L, Kane C, Bishop TM, Pigeon WR. The association of pain intensity and suicide attempts among patients initiating pain specialty services. J Pain. 2019;20(7):852-859. Doi:10.101 6/j.jpain.2019.01.012.
17. Steffens DC. Treatment-resistent depression in older results. N Engl J Med. 2024;390:630-639. Doi:10.1056/NEJMcp2305428.
18. Lawhern RA, Nadeau SE. Treating chronic pain and anxiety — a modest proposal. Med Res Arch. 2024;12(6). Doi:10.18103/mra.v12i6.5359.
19. Nadeau SE, Lawhern RA. Opioids: analgesia, euphoria, dysphoria, and oblivion: observations and a hypothesis. Med Res Arch. 2024;12(6):1-10. Doi:10.18103/mra.v12i6.5411.
20. Ochoa LA, Naeem F, White AJ, Bijur PE, Friedman BW. Opioid-induced euphoria among emergency department patients with acute severe pain: An analysis of data from a randomized yrial. Acad Emerg Med. 2020;27:1100-1105. Doi:10.111 1/acem.13946.
21. Friedman BW, Latev A, Campbell C, White D. Opioid-induced “likeability” and “feeling good” are not associated with return visits to an ED among migraine patients administered IV hydromorphone. Headache. 2018;58:750-754. Doi: 10.1111/head.1 3292.
22. Han B, Compton WM, Bianco C, Crane E, Lee JD, Jones CM. Prescription opioid use, misuse, and use disorders in U.S. adults: 2015 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Ann Intern Med. 2017;167:293-301. Doi:10.7326/M17-0865.
23. Lucas JW, Sohi I. Chronic pain and high-impact chronic pain among U.S. adults, 2023. In: National Center for Health Statistics NHIS, ed. NCHS Data Brief No.518. Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2024. https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/index.htm.
24. Zelaya CE, Dahlhamer JM, Lucas JW, Connor EM. Chronic pain and high-impact chronic pain among U.S. adults, 2019. In: National Center for Health Statistics NHIS, ed. NCHS Data Brief No. 390. Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2020.
https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/databriefs/db390-tables-508.pdf#1