Giant Cell Tumor of Bone

Abstract

Giant cell tumor of bone was originally described in the early 1800s. It is thought by most to be a benign tumor of bone, although “metastasis” to the lung is not uncommon. It is a tumor that consists of osteoclast like giant cells containing numerous nuclei as well as a mononuclear stromal component. Occasionally, giant cell tumor of bone can undergo malignant transformation. This review will examine the clinical and imaging characteristics of this giant cell tumor of bone. The pathology and genetics will also be discussed. Treatment, both surgical and nonsurgical will be examined. In addition, unusual presentations of giant cell tumors will also be considered.

Keywords: Giant cell tumor of bone, review, radiology, pathology, therapy, denosumab