Abstract
Many arbovirus infections have well-known risks of vertical transmission, causing congenital anomalies, therefore being a concern for women who are either planning a pregnancy or are already pregnant. Research on the effects of prenatal exposure to arbovirus infection on long-term neurodevelopment is limited. Of particular concern is the potential association of prenatal infections as risk factors for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). In this scoping review, we’ve researched studies that investigate the impact of arbovirus infection on ASD and ADHD through published case-control, cohort, case series, cross-sectional, and experimental study designs. Sixteen articles met our inclusion criteria, five experimental in vitro, one experimental in vivo, one both in vitro and in vivo, and nine in humans. Evidence of a possible association between arboviral infection and ASD was observed in seven articles, and almost all had prenatal exposure to ZIKV. No specific research on prenatal arboviral infection and ADHD was located. However, the similarity of the neurological pathways shared by these two disorders suggests the need for specific investigations in this field.