Integrated Approaches to Dengue Prevention: Vector Control and Vaccine Performance, , and Future Directions

Abstract Dengue fever is a global health threat driven by climate change, rapid urbanization, and the expanding distribution of Aedes mosquitoes. With an estimated 100 - 400million infections annually. Dengue poses significant challenges for clinical management and public health preparedness because of the need to act on the four viral serotypes causing the infection Emphasis is placed on vector control strategies and the development and licensing of dengue vaccines, including Dengvaxia (CYD-TDV) and Qdenga (TAK-003), with analysis of their design, mechanisms, safety profiles, and serostatus-dependent performance highlighting the immunological and operational challenges that continue to complicate dengue vaccination. The review outlines the future priorities, such as next-generation vaccine development, improved surveillance systems, and scalable vector-control innovations, underscoring the need for integrated, evidence-based strategies to reduce dengue transmission and the global disease burden.