Otolaryngologic Effects of Inhaled Medications Used in Pulmonary Medicine: A Review

Aerosolization of medications has proven to be a highly beneficial method of delivery in treating various pulmonary conditions, including obstructive lung disease, cystic fibrosis, bronchiectasis, and respiratory tract infections. There is also evidence showing its usefulness in treating upper airway disorders such as laryngotracheal stenosis and chronic rhinosinusitis. However, inhalation of medications may lead to adverse effects such as dysphonia, cough, local irritation, inflammation and infection. This review explores both the favorable and unfavorable otolaryngologic effects experienced by patients receiving commonly used inhalational therapies and the need for a balanced approach in its use.