Abstract
Catatonia is a clinical syndrome characterized by a range of psychomotor abnormalities that occur in the context of a wide variety of both psychiatric and medical conditions. It occurs in affective, psychotic, autistic, developmental and medical disorders. Catatonia may present with unusual stereotypies and medical comorbidities. Despite these various etiologies, treatment has been convergent on the gamma aminobutyric acid agonists (i.e., benzodiazepines), and glutamate antagonists, corresponding with the known pathophysiology on this syndrome. Treatment refractory and emergent cases are often referred to electroconvulsive therapy. The focus of this manuscript will be to review these known treatments in montherapy, adjunctive, combined, and potential novel pharmacotherapy.