DOI: https://doi.org/10.18103/mra.v12i8
Published: 2024-08-31
Research Articles
The Weight of Risk: Exploring the Link Between Obesity and Liver Cancer
Dhineshreddy Gurala, MD, Ravindran Nishal, MD, Jobin Philipose, MD
What Do Suicides, Heart Attacks and COVID-19 Deaths Have in Common?
Keith Gandal, Neil Gandal
The Health-Economic Impact of a Prospectively Validated Severity of Illness Predictor for Adult Critical Care
Andrew A. Kramer, PhD, FCCM, Sandra Kane-Gill, PharmD, FCCM, Joseph Dasta, MS, FCCM, Paula Maurer, BSN
Families' perception of the psychological effects of screen use in the COVID-19 pandemic and post-pandemic in the age group of 4 to 12 years age group in Asunción, Paraguay
Peggy Martínez Stark, Bernardita Stark, Robledo Rocío
The Impact of Endothelial Dysfunction on the Course of Metabolically Associated Liver Disease in Combination with Subclinical Hypothyroidism
Olena Кolesnikova, Kira Vovk, Andriy Titarenko
A Comparative Analysis of Hypofractionated and Conventional Radiotherapy for Breast Cancer Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Abba Mallum, Maureen Bilinga Tendwa, Onyinye Balogun, John M. Akudugu, Wilfred Ngwa, Mariza Vorster
Knowledge, attitudes, and preventive practices towards sexually transmitted infections among youth in Tonga: local evidence to strengthen preventive actions
Ana ‘Anau Ki Muli Mahe, Louise Fonua, Iryna Zablotska, Si Thu Win Tin
From Numbers to Insights: Bibliometric Analysis of Obesity and Heart Disease Research Output
Sally Sonia Simmons, John Elvis Hagan Jr, Medina Srem-Sai, Thomas Schack
Challenges in the management of inconclusive breast findings on mammography in educated Nigerian women
Ifeoluwasemilojo Aina, MBBS, MPA, FWACS, Victor Olufemi Oyedepo, MBBS, FWACS, Ayankemi Adenike Olalere, MBBS, MSc, MPA, FWACS, Temitope Olugbenga Bello, MBBS, MD, FWACS, FMCR, Olateju Olusola Akanbi, MBBS, FWACS, Bamidele Oluwafemi Akanbi, MBBS, MWACS, Efetobo Ogboru, MBBS, Ogooluwa James Olowomeye, MBChB, Adeola Alabi, MBBS, MSc, PhD
Biosensors application for SARS-CoV-2 detection
Maha Farhat, Aljowhara H. Alsaeed, Manar A. Bahammam, Nof T. Alzayyat, Salma S. Alkattan, Sara G. Alidan
The New Trends in Physiological and Pathological Actions of Ghrelin (Brain-Heart Axis) on the Heart and Cardiovascular System
Eduardo Henrique Pirolla, MD, PhD, Gabriel Naman Maccapani, MD
Initiatives to Provide Better Care for the Elderly In-Patients with Dementia in An Acute Hospital- Experience from a Teaching Hospital in Singapore
Si Ching LIM, MB. ChB, MRCP (UK), FAMS
Oxidative stress and antioxidant parameters in dogs with lymphoma during chemotherapy
Peter Vajdovich, Bernadett Szabó, Noémi Tarpataki, Judit Jakus
Primary health reforms in China since the New Healthcare Reform: Policy, Practice, and Progress
Yue Xiao, Yanchun Zhang, Lifang Zhang, Alec Morton, Jiangmei Qin, Chunmei Lin
The CAREPATH Study for Personalized Management of Multimorbidity in Elderly with Mild Cognitive Impairment and Mild Dementia
Gokce B. Laleci Erturkmen, Mert Gencturk, A. Emre Akpinar, Omid Pournik, Theodoros N. Arvanitis, Antje Steinhoff, Henrike Gappa, Tim Robbins, Rajan Mattu, Ruben Alcantud Corcoles, Pedro Abizanda, Oana Cramariuc, Cristiana Ciobanu, Yehya Mohamad, Jaouhar Ayadi
Challenges and Opportunities of using Role-players in Medical Education: Medical Educator’s Perspective
Mon Mon Yee, Myat Kalayar Nyunt, Aye Mya Thidar, Myat Soe Khine, Chong Yau Ong, Ong Gim Seong
Early male and female footprints of modern humans across Eurasia and Australasia.
Vicente Martinez Cabrera
VIABILITY OF CARDBOARD SPLINTS IN THE EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT OF LOWER LIMB FRACTURES
R. WAHOME, MD, D. HARBORNE, MBBS, FRCEM, R. ELLIS, MD MPH MBA
PPH and Biological Glue and Phytonadione infusion in patients with Cirrhosis and Anticoagulation therapy with high risk of bleeding during and after Stapled Hemorrhoidopexy
Eduardo Henrique Pirolla, MD, PhD, PGMA-HMS, Gabriel Naman Maccapani, MD
The Quest for Affordable Monoclonal Antibodies and Targeted Therapy in Lung Cancer
Helmy M. Guirgis, MD, PhD
DRIVE for Health Equity: Tailoring Quality Improvement, Clinical Education, and Community Engagement to Improve Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM) Outcomes for Minoritized Communities in Oakland, California
Leslie Zuniga-Rivas, MPH, Henry Nuss, PhD, Adewale Lawrence, MD, MS, Laura Hernandez, Nushrat Sultana, MPH, Kristen Stevens Hobbs, MPH, CPH, DeLorean Ruffin, DrPH, MPH, Bishop Erik O. Nation, Aneesa Choudhry, MPH, Laura Lee Hal, PhD
Risk factors for small for gestational age as defined by a birthweight z-score below minus one: A prospective observational study
Hein J Odendaal, Lucy T Brink, Anusha Lachmanb, Daan Nel
Prevalence of secondary infections, antimicrobial susceptibility and predictors for mortality among critically ill COVID 19 patients admitted to an Intensive Care Unit in India
BabySailaja K, Renuka MK, Rathish Manimohan, Prasanth NVSN
Impact of Ultra-widefield Imaging on Understanding the Pathophysiology of Peripheral Retinal Degeneration
Kristen Brown, OD, FAAO, Dana Keane, MS, Lauren Turner, MS, Tunde Peto, MD
Utilization of alternative treatment for management of clenching and bruxism
Gregori M. Kurtzman, DDS, Robert A. Horowitz, DDS, Charlie Decker, BS
Human Freedom from Algorithmic Bias: What is the role of Accountability in addressing Health Disparities?
Sajda Qureshi, PhD, Blessing Oladokun
Towards Shared and Effective Self-Care: A User-Centric Framework for Enhancing HIV Prevention
Nishan Gantayat, Alok Gangaramany, Ram Prasad, Rosemary Pierce-Messick, Rujuta Kumbhojkar
Defining Mammalian Lifespan through Epigenetic Aging Timescales
Prashansa Ratan, Sherin U. Devaskar, Matteo Pellegrini
Carbohydrate PL-M binds galectin-3 to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 viral entry into cells
Michelle C. Miller, Alben Sigamani, David Platt, Kevin H. Mayo
Serum levels of soluble receptor activator of NF-κβ ligand are under dual, immune and neural effects in postmenopausal women
Ildikó Molnár, Ph.D, Zoltán Nagy, Ph.D, Immunoendocrinology, EndoMed
Post-restriction hyperphagia and metabolic responses to short-term calorie restriction in C57BL/6 mice
Emem P. Udoh, Sharon E. Mitchell, Catherine Hambly, John R. Speakman
T Cell Repertoire in Lupus: Autoreactive T Cells in Central and Peripheral Selection
Sun Jung Kim, Betty Diamond
Effect of expansion of Shine-Dalgarno sequence for expression of malate- and aldehyde-dehydrogenase genes from Deinococcus geothermalis in Escherichia coli
Masahide Ishikawa, Natsumi Ishikawa, Tomomi Oya-Iwasaki
Procurement of devices for pulsed-field ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: the experience of the Tuscany region in Italy
Sabrina Trippoli, Maria Rita Romeo, Francesca Collini, Andrea Messori
The Relationship Between Linguistic Features and Psychological States: A Quantitative Approach
Du Xiaowei, Zhou Xintong, He Xiaofei
Definitive Local Treatment for Metastatic Prostate Cancer: A National Cancer Database Analysis
Michael Whalen, Paul Nagao, Jennica Luu, Ryan Antarmw, Arthur Drouaud, Vincent Xu, Brandon Boyarsky, Olivia Gordon
Empowering Nurse Leaders: The Promise of the DNP/MBA Dual Degree
Joyce E. Johnson, PhD, RN, NEA-BC, FAONL, FAAN, Petra Goodman, PhD, WHNP-BC, FAANP
Semaglutide and Tirzepatide Use and Reduction of Cardiovascular Risks in Adults with Overweight and Obesity
Onur Baser, MA, MS, PhD, Munira Mohamed, MPH, Gabriela Samayoa, MD, MPH, Selin Sarioglu
Medical Mistrust on Prostate Cancer Screening: A mixed method study among African Americans, Caribbean immigrants and African immigrants
Malika Nipher, PhD, MPH, Roberts Lisa, DrPH, RN, Alemi Qais, PhD, MPH, MBA, Casiano Carlos A, PhD, Montgomery Susanne, MS, MPH, PhD
Addictive Behavior and Evolutionary Adaptation: Mitigated through Genetic Addiction Risk Severity Early Identification and Awareness Integration Theory
Foojan Zeine, Nicole Jafari, Eileen Manoukian, Kenneth Blum
MYOSTEATOSIS AS A RISK FACTOR FOR HEPATOCELULAR CARCINOMA RECURRENCE AFTER DECEASED DONOR LIVER TRANSPLANTATION
Regis Otaviano Franca Bezerra, Rafael Soares Pinheiro, Tiago M. Magalhães, Allana Christina Fortunato, Liege Tambelini, Gustavo Conti, Matheus F. F. Aguiar, Vinicius Rocha-Santos, Daniel R. Waisberg, Manoel de Souza Rocha, Giovanni Guido Cerri, Luis Augusto Carneiro D’Albuquerque, Wellinton Andraus
Burnout Syndrome in Intensive Care Unit Workers in a City in Northeastern Brazil
Joselice Almeida Góis, Cleide Lucilla Carneiro Santos, Núbia Samara Caribé de Aragão, Gabriella Bené Barbosa, Éder Pereira Rodrigues, Thatiane da Silva Costa Tapioca, Ermillo Campos Lima, Mônica Andrade Nascimento, Davi Félix Martins Júnior, Carlito Lopes Nascimento Sobrinho
Intelligent Insights for Noninvasive Aortic Valve Stenosis therapeutics
Abdullah Alabdulgader, MD, DCH, ABP, MRCP, FRCP
Creation of a Novel 3D-Printed Amniocentesis Simulation Model and Impact on Resident Confidence
Kelsey J. Pape, MD, Ashtin Wilson, MSBME, Nichole Cronin, BSBME, Jacob Parmenter, BSBME, Nick Ellis, BSBME, Caroline E. Rouse, MD, Anthony L. Shanks, MD, MEd
The effect of acupuncture on hippocampal synaptic plasticity in Alzheimer Disease Mouse Model: Possible mechanisms of energy transportation in neurons
Chang-le Wu, Meng-jing Wang, Xiao-shu Zhang, Li Zhang, Yi-yun Yuan, Ping Du, Min Feng, Shu-guang Yu, Qi Liu
Effectiveness of XBB.1.5 Vaccines Against Omicron Subvariants
Dan-Yu Lin, Ph.D., Yi Du, Ph.D., Yangjianchen Xu, B.S., Sai Paritala, Pharm.D., Matthew Donahue, M.D., Patrick Maloney, Ph.D.
Psychometric Evaluation of Screens for Common Mental Disorders, Severe Mental Disorders, Substance Use Disorders, and Suicide Risk in Mozambican Healthcare
Kathryn L. Lovero, Melissa A Stockton, M Claire Greene, Cale Basaraba, Saida Khan, Dirceu Mabunda, Flavio Mandlate, Lidia Gouveia, Wilza Fumo, Melanie M Wall, Cristiane S Duarte, Maria A Oquendo, Milton L Wainberg
Disease Spreading through Complex Small World Networks
H. E. Benítez, F. E. Cornes, C. O. Dorso, G.A. Frank
Tackling the radiotherapy shortage in Sub-Saharan Africa by gathering and using data from Lower-Middle-Income and High-Income Countries’ facilities for designing a future robust radiotherapy facility
Manjit Dosanjh, Taofeeq A. Ige, Joseph Bateman, Alexander Jenkins, Deepa Angal- Kalinin, Peter McIntosh, C. Norman Coleman, Donna O’Brien, David Pistenmaa, Eugenia Wendling, Saad Khoudri, Higidio Miezi Eduardo, Surbhi Grover, Remigio Makufa, Anne Marthe Maison Mayeh, Samba Richard Ndi, Tofangui Alain Ouattara, Ehab Attalla, Khaled El-Shahat, Eskadmas Yinesu Belay, Rolland Kayende, George Felix Acquah, Hubert Foy, Francis Hasford, Eric K. T. Addison, Ejidio Ngigi, Fadwa Badi, Fairoze El Tashani, Tovo Harivony, Aphousalle Kone, Moussa Cheibetta, Seeven Mootoosamy, Salwa Boutayeb, Ainadine Momade, Melanie Grobler, Wilfred Midzi, Simeon Chinedu Aruah, Hassan Ibrahim, Kenneth Nwankwo, Joel Kra, Magatte Diagne, Graeme Lazarus, Ayron Rule, Chris Trauernicht, Fawzia Elbashir, Wad Madani, Hellen Makwani, Leila Farhat, Mounir Besbes, Kavuma Awusi, Mutule Mulape Kanduza, Godfrey Azangwe, Lawrence Mhatiwa, Edwin Mhukayesango, Jamal Khader, Santo Filice, Gordon Chan, Stephen Breen, Rebecca Wong, Ivan Yeung, Jacques Bernier, Ajay Aggarwal, Ajay Aggarwal, Robert Apsimon, Frank van den Heuvel, Jose Eduardo Villareal-Barajas, Natalie Thorp, Richard Hugtenburg, Boris Militsyn, Eric Klein, Scot Remick, Daniel Petereit, Harmar D. Brereton
Design and testing of Hepatitis Delta Ribozymes for suppression of Chikungunya virus infection in cell cultures
Mark E. Fraser, Cheryl Kucharski, Zoe Loh, Erin Hanahoe, Malcolm J. Fraser, Jr
Disparities in Colorectal Cancer Presentation at a National Cancer Institute-Designated Cancer Center and a Safety-Net Hospital during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Munir H. Buhaya, Megan Turley, Ofelia Negrete Vasquez, Nicholas Bryant, Baqir Jafry, Sitaram Chilakamarry, Javier Salgado Pogacnik, Syed M. Kazmi, Emina H. Huang
Improved bioremediation of a highly soil impacted by waste motor oil, for safe food
Juan Luis Ignacio-De la Cruz, Izaney Rodríguez-Díaz, Elizabeth Carrillo-Flores, Elda María Beltrán-Peña, Juan Manuel Sánchez-Yáñez
“Outcome of Rhomboid Flap for a controversial affair “The Sacrococcygeal Pilonidal disease”. An Eastern Hospital Experience
Dr. Uwais Riaz Ul Hasan, Dr. Khathija Hasan, M.Med, Dr. Shehla Riaz Ul Hasan, Dr. Moath AbdulAziz AlMasoud, Dr. Abdul Rahman Al Ghannam, Dr. Zaki Al Eissa, Dr. Hafiz Mansoor Ul Haq, Dr. Ammar Al Sulaiman, Dr. Yaser Attia, Dr. Amith Ibrahim, Dr. Aissa Saidi, Dr. Mohammed AbdulMajeed Alghadeer, Dr. Manar Abubaker Ahmed Bahammam, Dr. Walaa Essa Al Mubarak, Dr. Hisham Abdrabalameer AlShiti, Dr. Ali AbdulMajeed Alghadeer, Hussain Turky Alturiky, Mohammed Abdullah Al Hadary, Khathijah Ahmed Taher Al Zaqaan
Immunogenicity and effectiveness of the Sinopharm BIBP COVID-19 inactivated vaccine in people living with HIV: A case-control study in Omicron era
Ali Zare Dehnavi, Seyed Ali Dehghan Manshadi, Seyed Ahmad Seyed Alinaghi, Behnam Amini, Fatemeh Rashidi, Masoumeh Farrokh Ashtiani, Hoda khoshnevis, Adel Tabrizi Tochaee, Mohammadreza Salehi, Cristina Mussini
Comparison of diagnostic techniques in patients with COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) in a Venezuelan population
Primavera Alvarado, Daniela Campins, Alegría Lusinchi, Julio Vivas, Yenis Pérez-Rojas, Rommie Merino-Alado, Edgar Armando Zambrano, Jesús Gómez
Case Reports
Pretibial Myxedema in a Hypothyroid Patient with Grave’s Disease: A Case Report
Munkhtsetseg Tserendorj, Oyunbileg Bavuu, Ankhlan Boldbaatar, Bayasgalan Tumenbayar, Sainbileg Sonomtseren
Spinal Anesthesia in a Patient with reduced Ejection Fraction undergoing Below-Knee Amputation
Pawan Kumar Raya, Archana Yadav
“Investigation of primary education teachers' happiness and mentality resilience after the covid 19 pandemic”
Georgia Konstantopoulou, Vaia Papageorgiou, Eleni Mavroeidi
Italian School One Piece Implants Stabilized with Electrowelded Titanium Needle for The Rehabilitation in Aesthetic Area of Single Post-Extraction Edentulies with Immediate Loading
Rossi Franco, Marco E. Pasqualini, Luca Dal Carlo, Enrico Moglioni, Giuseppe M. Famà, Paolo Zampetti
Progression of Neuroimaging Features Associated with Dyskeratosis Congenita and Short Telomere Syndrome: A Case Report
Devina Espinoza, Daniel Thomas Ginat, MD
Impact of gingival tissue type around Dental implants on implant health and longevity: A Case report on implants around mandibular overdenture
Ahmad Soolari, DMD. MS, Amin Soolari, DDS, FAGD, Nkem Obiechina, DMD, MS
The Role of Social Sciences in Dentistry Undergraduate Courses: A Case Report from Brazil
Melissa de Mattos Pimenta
Double whammy: Coexistence of Mature onset diabetes of the young and autoimmune diabetes: A case report
Sumana Reddy Kunnuru, Bhoomika Kauloorkar, Beatrice Anne, Namburi Divyasri, Glady Thomas, B Sanjana Gayatri
Long-term mechanical ventilation in a myasthenic patient with suspected obstructive sleep apnea
A. Bahaddi, S. Tougar, Y. Kherrati, B. Charra
Recurrent Solid Pseudopapillary Tumor of the Pancreas with Direct Extension into Gastric Mucosa: A Case Report with Consideration for Patient Management
Vinaya Rajahraman, MD, James Lindberg, MD, R. Leslie Shelton, MD, Tasneem Ali, MD, Neil Marya, MD, Lacey McIntosh, DO, Elisa Franquet-Elia, Larry Zheng, MD, Tasneem Lalani, MD, Alan Goldstein, MD, Brian Midkiff, MD, Andrew Fischer, MD, Salwa Khedr, MD, Yansong Geng, MS, Linda Ding, Maryann Bishop-Jodoin, MEd, Thomas J. FitzGerald, MD
Case Report with Review of Literature: Pregnancy After TCRM Plus Insertion of LNG IUS
Chang Sheng Yin, MD, Yi Liang Lee, MD, Yin- Shium Bai, MPhil. PhD candidate
Porocarcinoma “A Masquerader as Left InfraClavicular mass” A case report with review of literature
Dr. Uwais Riaz Ul Hasan, Dr. Khathija Hasan, Dr. Moath AbdulAziz AlMasoud, Dr. Abdul Rahman Al Ghannam, Dr. Shehla Riaz Ul Hasan, Dr. Hafiz Mansoor Ul Haq, Dr. Yaser Attia, Dr. Ammar Al Sulaiman, Dr. Amith Ibrahim, Dr. Aissa Saidi, Dr. Mohammed AbdulMajeed Alghadeer, Dr. Manar Abubaker Ahmed Bahammam, Dr. Ali AbdulMajeed Alghadeer, Dr. Walaa Essa Al Mubarak, Dr. Abdullah Mohammed Albin AlSheikh, Heba Abdullah Alisaleh, Eman Hussain AlBasrawi
Review Articles
Bronchoscope Reprocessing and the Value of Visualization
Christopher Yurosko, DO, Karan Amlani, MD, Atul Mehta, MD
New Findings and Emerging Trends in Postpartum Mental Illness: Risk Factors and Treatments
Kathleen Kendall-Tackett, PhD, IBCLC, FAPA
What do you get? Transmission of pneumococcal pneumonia.
Tom Boom, Anna Budinská, Júlia Šeligová, Ger T. Rijkers
The Global Crisis of Parkinson’s Disease: Epidemiology and Risk Factors
Safwaan Rana, BHSc, Abdul Rehman M. Qureshi, MD Candidate, MSc, Zainab Sarfaraz, MBBS, Yafiah Shakir, BSc Candidate, Adnan Al-Sarawi, MBBS, Umar Siddique Muhammad, MD, CCFP, DABFM, Mohamed Asadig Abounaja, MD, CCFP, Albert Akpalu, MD
Understanding New Power Communities and Leadership in Medicine and Health Professions: A Review of Concepts and Literature
Kurt W. Jefferson, PhD, Angela Allen, EdD, Kristina Bloch, EdD, Sytisha Claycomb, EdD, Jill Gaines, MS, Elizabeth A. Harris, EdD, Destiny Livers, EdD, Krissalyn Love, EdD, Paula McCraney, EdD, Carmen Moreno-Rivera, EdD, Colleen Koch Murphy, EdD, Joshua Overton, EdD, Mário Gouvêa Ransan, EdD, Kaci Shipp, EdD, Laura Stimler, OTD, EdD, Trevor Timmerberg, EdD
Health Coaching: America's Overlooked Personalized Health Solution
Briar R. Miller, Arthur A. Klein, Joerg R. Leheste
Co-occurring trauma- and stressor-related and substance-related disorders in youth: A narrative review
Jesse D. Hinckley, MD, PhD, Zachary W. Adams, PhD, Trey V. Dellucci, PhD, Steven Berkowitz, MD
Current Research on Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) in Pregnancy with Emphasis on Medication Assisted Treatment (MAT)
Ravi Chokshi, Samuel Parish, Nanyaly Santiago-Aponte, Serdar Ural, James M. O’Brien
Preventive Care Practices: A Retrospective Database Study of Influenza and Pneumococcal Vaccination Among Adults with Diabetes
Shalom Onyinye Katas, MD, Inelefo Roger Iyayi, MD, Princess Okoronkwo, PharmD, Derek Olatunde Olagbemi, MBBS, LMCC, Tinuade Oladayo Adeakin-Dada, MD, LMCC, PGCertCR, Oluwadamilola Daniel Odutola, MD, Paul Akhere Momodu, Stephen N. Utulor, MD, Uzodinma Joseph Nwadinigwe, MBBS, Oluwabusayo Monsurat Osundiji, MD, Okelue E. Okobi, MD
Assessing the Predictors of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Among People Living with HIV/AIDS: A Scoping Literature Review
Charles Olomofe, MBChB, MPH, FWACP, DrPH, Billy Brooks, MPH, DrPH, Megan Quinn, MSc, DrPH, Funmike Olomofe, LLB, BL, LLM, Jonathan Moorman, MD, PhD
Rheumatoid Arthritis and HRCT proven Bronchiectasis – a strong association, still unexplained
K Makin, FRACP, P Kendall, FRACP, T Easter, BSc, M Kemp, MSc, GJ Carroll, FRACP, MD
Evaluation of the Quality of Current COVID-19 Resources Developed for Individuals with Spinal Cord Injuries: A Scoping Review
Pegah Derakhshan, William C. Miller, Ethan Simpson, Christopher B. McBride, Jaimie Borisoff, Julia Schmidt, W. Ben Mortenson
Editorial
Applying lessons learnt during Covid 19 era: hybrid ACLS training in low resource setting
Dr. Romeo Wahome, MD, Rosemary Lubutse, Dr. Charles Mwai, Dr. Olive Akunga, Dr. Aggrey Wafula, Dr. Daniel Kiura
Case Series
Bone Regeneration Using an Alloplastic Graft Material that Combines β Tricalcium Phosphate and Calcium Sulphate: A Case Series Report with Histology
Dominic O’Hooley, BDS, Peter Fairbairn, BDS, Stuart Kilner, BDS, Robert A. Horowitz, DDS, Gregori M. Kurtzman, DDS